Johann Adam of Ickstatt
Johann Adam Ickstatt , from 1745 Freiherr von Ickstatt , (born January 6, 1702 in Vockenhausen , today the city of Eppstein , † August 17, 1776 in Waldsassen ) was professor and director of the University of Ingolstadt . He was a representative of the Enlightenment and is considered the founder of the Bavarian secondary school system .
Life
The son of the hammer smith and iron merchant Georg and his wife Maria Magdalena attended high school in Oberursel and Mainz and spent his youth in Paris , London and the Netherlands. He earned his living from private lessons. From 1725 to 1727 he studied mathematics and philosophy with Christian Wolff in Marburg . He received his doctorate from the University of Mainz in 1730.
He then taught German constitutional law, natural and international law as a professor of law at the University of Würzburg . During this time Ickstatt gained a reputation as a leading teacher of constitutional law in Catholic Germany. In 1741 he moved to Munich and took over the education of Prince Maximilian Joseph and advised the Elector Karl Albrecht and later Emperor Karl VII. Ickstatt legally underpinned his claim to the imperial crown.
After Charles was crowned emperor in Frankfurt in 1742, he was promoted to Reichshofrat; a position that he lost again after Karl's death in 1745. Elector Max III. Joseph , his former student, raised him to the status of baron in 1745. From 1746 he was director of the University of Ingolstadt and at the same time the highest-ranking professor of the law faculty. He also worked as an advisor to the Elector in Munich.
In Ingolstadt he pushed back the Jesuits who had ruled until then , and in the end only canon law remained in their hands . Among other things, he pushed through the use of non-Catholic literature. In the protracted arguments, particularly with the Ingolstadt pastor Eckher, Ickstatt pleaded to fight superstition and ignorance and secured the backing not only of the elector, but also of various bishops and the pope.
On October 29, 1765, the elector appointed him his adviser in statesmanlike affairs, but left him in charge of the university, which he visited every year. When the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773, he set up a new type of secondary school based on the Berlin model in Ingolstadt. The school system should be oriented towards the needs of society.
In the midst of his work, Ickstatt, who had been a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences since 1759, was hit by a blow while looking through the files on August 17, 1776, while looking through the files, and buried in Waldsassen .
family
Born from his marriage to Maria Magdalena, no children were born. He adopted the orphaned Adam Weishaupt and introduced him to philosophy.
Honors
The secondary school in Ingolstadt, Von-der-Tann-Straße 1, founded ten years earlier, was named after him in 1968.
literature
- Ludwig Hammermayer : Ickstatt, Johann Adam Freiherr von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , pp. 113-115 ( digitized version ).
- Fritz Kreh: Baron Johann Adam von Ickstatt (1702–1776). Life and work of a Catholic constitutional law teacher of the Enlightenment period. In: Journal for Bavarian State History 36 (1973), pp. 72-114 ( digitized version ).
- Edmund von Oefele : Ickstatt, Johann Adam Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 740 f.
- Berthold Picard: Famous personalities of modern times from the district area, in: Rad und Sparren, Vol. 6 (1980), p. 35 f.
- Wolfgang Rother : Johann Adam von Ickstatt . In: Helmut Holzhey, Vilem Mudroch (Ed.): Outline of the history of philosophy, The philosophy of the 18th century, Vol. 5: Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, Switzerland, Northern and Eastern Europe. Schwabe, Basel 2014, pp. 652–655 (literature: p. 708), ISBN 978-3-7965-2631-2 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Johann Adam von Ickstatt in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Johann Adam von Ickstatt in the German Digital Library
- Vita ( Memento from January 13, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- Medal for the 300th birthday
- Freiherr-von-Ickstatt-Realschule Ingolstadt
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ickstatt, Johann Adam von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ickstatt, Johann Adam Freiherr von; Ickstatt, Adam Freiherr von; Ickstatt, Johann Adam (until 1742); Ickstatt, Adam (until 1742); Ickstatt, Johann Adam von (1742-1745); Ickstatt, Adam von (1742–1745) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German university professor, director of the University of Ingolstadt |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 6, 1702 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vockenhausen |
| DATE OF DEATH | 17th August 1776 |
| Place of death | Waldsassen |