Johann Eichel from Rautenkron

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Johann Eichel von Rautenkron (born September 19, 1621 in Heldburg , † August 2, 1688 in Braunschweig ) was a German ethnologist and legal scholar.

Life

The son of the princely Saxon feudal mayor Johann Eichel and his wife Cunigunda, the daughter of Franz Wachsenschwanz zur Eich, came from a family whose ancestors lived in the aristocratic and monastic class and held religious and secular high offices with electors, princes, archbishops, foundations and principalities clothed. Therefore, he was trained at an early age and received a private tutor at the age of four. However, the family had to deal with the adversities of the Thirty Years' War . The father died at an early age, so that Eichel did not have the means to complete a degree. However, he found a sponsor in Truchseß von Wetzhausen who enabled him to attend grammar school at the monastery school in Roßleben . But the war dragged on there too, so he went to Quedlinburg , where he stayed for four years.

In 1642 he moved to the University of Helmstedt , where, in addition to studying philosophical sciences, he also attended the theological lectures by Georg Calixt and Konrad Hornejus (1590–1649). During this time he decided to study law. There were above all Georg Werner (1608–1671) and Heinrich Hahn (1605–1668) his teachers, who brought him so far that he could finally give lectures himself. To continue his legal studies, he went on an educational trip in 1647. This took him to the University of Leiden , the University of Groningen , the University of Löwen , the University of Cologne , the University of Gießen , the University of Marburg , the University of Rinteln , the University of Leipzig , the University of Wittenberg , the University of Altdorf and the University of Jena . In 1649 he returned to Helmstedt, where he first gave private lectures and in 1651 became professor of ethics.

Since he had refused several honorable appointments to other universities, Duke Christian Ludwig von Braunschweig-Lüneburg appointed him in 1653 as extraordinary professor at the law faculty of the University of Helmstedt. On October 23, 1655, he acquired his master's degree in philosophy, and on the same day he also received his doctorate in law. In the same year he became court judge in Wolfenbüttel , took over a full professorship at the law faculty and rose to professor of the Pandects in 1656 . In 1657 he was appointed privy councilor, vice chancellor and consistorial president by Duke Julius Heinrich von Sachsen-Lauenburg . In this capacity he was on district and state parliaments and at the imperial court in Speyer . After he had completed almost all of the faculty work in 1668, he fell ill in 1671.

In 1674, Duke Rudolf August von Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Wolfenbüttel appointed him privy councilor with the task of paying off the debts of the city of Braunschweig as director of finances. Rautenkron, who had settled the claims of the creditors of his ancestors and siblings over the years, had thus become the owner of the estates of Bornum, Nedlitz and Hohnsleben. As such, he had his nobility diploma renewed by Emperor Leopold I in 1680 , whereupon he and his descendants carried the title Eichel Edle von Rautenkron .

He died during a business trip to Braunschweig. His body was transferred to Helmstedt. There he was buried on August 8, 1688 in the so-called von Eichel-Böckelschen grave chapel in the churchyard of St. Stephen's Church , in which his father-in-law Heinrich Hahn and his son-in-law Johann Gotthard von Böckel rest, among others .

family

From his marriage on October 23, 1655 to Anna Sophia (* March 12, 1634 in Helmstedt; † May 28, 1698 ibid), the daughter of the professor at the law faculty and court judge Heinrich Hahn and his wife Anna Maria Pfeiffer († 1657 ), two sons and six daughters were born. Of the children are known:

  • Anna Cunigunda Eichel (was 4th year, 7th months, 2nd weeks and 2nd days old.)
  • Johanna Eichel (was 44 weeks and 3 days old, born August 22, 1662)
  • Johann Heinrich Julius Eichel (* July 21, 1663 in Helmstedt; † October 12, 1663 ibid)
  • Anna Maria Elisabeth Eichel (born November 7, 1656 in Helmstedt, † September 25, 1679 in Otterndorf) married. October 10, 1676 with the Saxon court councilor and president of the city of Magdeburg Christian Dietrich Ackenhausen
  • Hedwig Sophia Eichel Edle von Rautenkron (born December 11, 1659 in Helmstedt; † July 6, 1723 ibid) married. on May 15, 1677 with Johann Gotthard von Böckel
  • Johanna Henriette Eichel Edle von Rautenkron (born December 22, 1664 in Helmstedt; † December 3, 1701 in Warberg) married. with the princely Brunswick-Lüneburg Drost of the Warberg rule Anthon Ulrich von Stauffen († 1694)
  • Rudolph Frantz Eichel Edler von Rautenkron hereditary lord on Nedlitz
  • Augusta Sophia Charlotte Eichel Edle von Rautenkron (born October 13, 1673 in Helmstedt, † July 19, 1700 in Nedlitz) married. August 18, 1695 with the heir on Campe Robert Christian von Hake

literature

  • Walter Hagena: Eichel Edler von Rautenkronr. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Dieter Lent u. a. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 8th to 18th century. Appelhans, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , pp. 186f.
  • Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Self-published, Boppard / Rhein, 1976, Vol. 9, p. 98, R 8165, R 8166, R 9705-9707
  • Rautenkron, Johann Eichelius a. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 30, Leipzig 1741, column 1166 f.
  • Johann Gottlob Wilhelm Dunkel : Historically critical messages from deceased scholars and their writings, but especially those who are servants, which in the very latest edition of the Jöcherisches Allgemeine Scholars-Lexicon either completely ignored in silence, or at least inadequately and incorrectly listed. Cörnerische Buchhandlung, Dessau u. Köthen, 1757, 3rd vol., P. 484 ( online )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GND 129865877
  2. ^ Inscription catalog : City of Helmstedt
personal data
SURNAME Acorn from Rautenkron, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ethnologist and legal scholar
DATE OF BIRTH September 19, 1621
PLACE OF BIRTH Heldburg
DATE OF DEATH August 2, 1688
Place of death Braunschweig