Julius Heinrich (Saxony-Lauenburg)
Julius Heinrich von Sachsen-Lauenburg (born April 9, 1586 in Wolfenbüttel , † November 20, 1665 in Prague ) was Duke of Sachsen-Lauenburg from the house of the Ascanians and imperial field marshal from 1656 to 1665 .
Life
Julius Heinrich was a son of Duke Franz II of Saxony-Lauenburg (1547–1619) from his second marriage to Maria (1566–1626), daughter of Duke Julius of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel . Julius Heinrich was trained at the University of Tübingen and then briefly entered the service of the Swedish King Gustav II. In anticipation of the Diocese of Osnabrück , he converted to Catholicism in his youth .
Later in imperial service, Julius Heinrich commanded a regiment against the Republic of Venice in 1617 , then a regiment in Hungary. Julius August took part in the battle of the White Mountain . As chamberlain of Emperor Ferdinand II , he was sent as an envoy to the Danish court of Christian IV . In 1619, together with the Count of Altheim and the Duke of Nevers, he founded the Order of Knights of the Conception of Mary, which was confirmed papally in 1624.
In 1623 Julius Heinrich received the Bohemian rule Schlackenwerth from the emperor . In Schlackenwerth, Julius Heinrich had a luxurious castle with a park built, which became his permanent residence. In 1629 he was given supreme command of the imperial troops in Poland and in 1632 negotiated a peace treaty with the Elector of Saxony . Julius Heinrich was considered a confidante and close friend of Wallenstein and was suspected of supporting him in his plans to break away from the emperor and move over to the Swedish side. He accompanied Wallenstein to Eger in 1634, where he was murdered. Julius Heinrich was then arrested and imprisoned in Vienna, he was able to evade the imperial commission because of his status as imperial prince and was released from prison after the peace of Prague .
After the death of Ferdinand II. He appeared again at court in Vienna and was by Ferdinand III. sent on several diplomatic missions. During the negotiations for the Peace of Westphalia , Julius August succeeded in obtaining confirmation from the Ratzeburg Monastery for the Lauenburg House. In 1656 Julius Heinrich succeeded his older half-brother August as Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg. When he took office, he confirmed the privileges of knighthood and landscape. In 1658 he forbade all pledging and alienation of fiefs. Julius Heinrich was involved in border disputes with Hamburg and Lübeck. The alchemist and glassmaker Johannes Kunckel served as the overseer of the court pharmacy . In 1663 he acquired the Bohemian rule Ploschkowitz .
Under the company name The Lucky One , he was accepted as a member of the Literary Fruitful Society .
Julius Heinrich died of old age in Prague and was buried in Schlackenwerth.
Marriages and offspring
Julius Heinrich was married three times. His first marriage was on March 7, 1617 in Grabow with Anna (1562–1621), daughter of Prince Edzard II of East Frisia . This marriage remained childless.
His second wife was on February 27, 1628 in Theusing Elisabeth Sophie (1589–1629), daughter of Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg , with whom he had a son:
- Franz Erdmann (1629–1666), Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg ⚭ 1654 Princess Sibylle Hedwig of Saxony-Lauenburg (1625–1703)
His third marriage was on August 18, 1632 in Vienna with the widow Anna Magdalene Kolowrat -Nowohradsky († 1668), daughter of Baron Wilhelm Popel von Lobkowitz , who brought him important Bohemian goods, including Reichstadt . He had the following children with her:
- Julius Heinrich (1633–1634)
- Franziska (* / † 1634)
- Maria Benigna Franziska (1635–1701) ⚭ 1651 Prince Octavio Piccolomini , Duke of Amalfi (1599–1656), originally a friend of Wallenstein, who then carried out his deposition and murder
- Franz Wilhelm (* / † 1639)
- Franziska Elisabeth (* / † 1640)
- Julius Franz (1641–1689), Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg ⚭ 1668 Countess Palatine Hedwig von Sulzbach (1650–1681)
literature
- Peter von Kobbe: History and description of the country of the Duchy of Lauenburg , Volume 3, Harro von Hirschheydt, 1837, p. 56 ff. ( Digitized version )
- Johann Samuelersch, Johann Gottfried Gruber: General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts: in alphabetical order by the authors mentioned , Volume 92, JF Gleditsch, 1851, p. 364 ff.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Eduard Vehse: History of the German courts since the Reformation , Volume 9-10, Hoffmann and Campe, 1851, p. 83
- ↑ Wenzl Sommer: A short history of the town of Schlackenwerth in connection with the Piaristen Collegium , 1866, p. 6
- ↑ Hermann Kopp: History of Chemistry , Volume 1, p. 173
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| August |
Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg 1656–1665 |
Franz Erdmann |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Julius Heinrich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Saxony-Lauenburg, Julius Heinrich von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 9, 1586 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wolfenbüttel |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 20, 1665 |
| Place of death | Prague |