Johann Joseph Schneider

Johann Joseph Schneider (born October 15, 1777 (different information on the tombstone: October 18, 1777 ) in Fulda , Hochstift Fulda ; † September 24, 1854 in Fulda, Electorate of Hesse ) was a German doctor and regional historian . He is mainly remembered for the description of the geography and history of the Rhön .

Life

Grave of the Schneider family in the old municipal cemetery in Fulda

Johann Joseph Schneider was born in 1777 as the son of Johann Matthias Schneider, the court surgeon of Prince-Bishop Heinrich von Bibra in Fulda, and Anna Margareta, b. Marshal from Mackenzell, born. The two brothers born before him survived only briefly, he remained the only child. He attended high school there and studied for four years at what was then Adolphs University in Fulda with Franz Kaspar Lieblein . After several semesters in Würzburg, including with Carl Caspar von Siebold , he passed his exams in Fulda and received his license to practice medicine and, on January 10, 1801, from then sovereign Adalbert von Harstall, permission to work as a doctor, wound healer and obstetrician practice.

In 1801 he married Maria Anna Theresia, b. Berta, who died shortly afterwards of puerperal typhus after a difficult birth; the daughter was stillborn. In 1804 he married the sister of his late wife Eva Theresia Berta in his second marriage. The marriage remained childless until her death in 1841.

In 1842, at the age of 64, he married the much younger Katinka Schneider (* April 14th, 1812; † December 29th, 1887), his son Justus was born on February 15th, 1842. The family grave is located in the immediate vicinity of the cemetery chapel at the Franzosenwäldchen in Fulda.

Create

As one of the first doctors in Germany he introduced the vaccination against smallpox ( cowpox vaccination ) in Fulda in 1801 , which had only just been developed by Jenner and Pletts at the turn of the century and was commissioned to draft the protective pox vaccination regulation, which appeared in the law gazette of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . At that time it was possible to practice without a doctorate , but in 1805 the new sovereign Friedrich Wilhelm von Oranien-Nassau wanted to close the university, and Schneider decided to quickly do a doctorate. His doctoral supervisor, Lieblein, asked him about the chosen topic of the use of opium in a public defense in the bishop's house. Not mandatory, published Schneider yet the thesis "About the lockjaw neugebohrner Children," which he dedicated to his sovereigns. In May 1813, with the title of Medical Councilor, he was appointed Secretary of the Medical College and Physicus of the Grossenlüder Office; from 1822 to 1826 he held the physics department for the Fulda District Court, and in 1822 he also became a member of the Medical Deputation and Police Commission. From 1833 to 1840 he was a medical member of the state hospital management, in 1836 he was appointed chief medical officer. According to his own count, he treated 54,905 patients in the course of his career; During his term of office, the French army withdrew from the Battle of Leipzig with many wounded and the typhus epidemic, which was raging at the time .

Active and curious, at the same time open to new ideas and progressive in thinking, he published a large number of medical articles on a wide range of topics, including: B. a psychiatric report on an arrested child murderer, on the effect of camphor and Helleborus root against madness or the snot disease of the horse family considered medical and police . From 1822 he was co-editor of the magazine for psychic doctors and had a multi-page entry in Callisen . In the 1820s he was editor of Buchonia: a journal for patriotic history, antiquity, geography, statistics, etc. Topography , which is only one example of his publications with a natural history background.

Fulda was also affected by political upheavals at this time; after serving the last two church princes, however, he entered the service of the Hessian princes without delay. His interest was not so much in day-to-day politics, but rather in his medical work and his historical and scientific research. However, he had been a member of the planning committee for the Bonifatius monument with the then Lord Mayor Mackenrodt since 1828 , which was "finally" unveiled in 1842 after many difficulties.

Works

Buchonia: a journal for patriotic history, antiquity, geography, statistics, etc. Topography. Verlag Müller, Fulda, date of publication 1.1826–4.1829; so that adjusted ( Digitized in Fulda Digital Collections; review in New general geographic and statistical ephemeris , Eighth piece, 1826, p 240.).
Attempt of a topography of the residential city of Fulda. Verlag Müller, Fulda 1806 ( urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10086315-6 ).
Handbook on Children's Diseases (along with CB Meat). Leipzig 1807.
Natural historical description of the high Rhön Mountains on this side and its northwestern foothills. Verlag der Hermann'schen Buchhandlung, Frankfurt 1816 ( urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10722021-8 ). 2. increased, completely changed edition. Müller, Fulda 1840 ( urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10378308-6 ).
New alphabet of poisonous plants. For use in schools. Fulda 1837.
The neuralgia in the development of puberty. 2 volumes. Leipzig 1842.

literature

Life and work of the Hessian Government Medicinal Advisor and Chief Medicinal Councilor Dr. Joseph Schneider in Fulda. Verlag Otto Wigand, Leipzig 1843 ( digitized in the Google book search; originally an autobiographical draft, published by his friends)
Julius Pagel : Schneider, Johann Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 128 f.
Schneider, Joseph. In: Alma Kreuter: German-speaking neurologists and psychiatrists. Saur, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-598-11196-7 . Reprint: de Gruyter, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-11-096165-2 , p. 1288 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
Gustav Schneider: Joseph Schneider (1777-1854). In: Ingeborg Schnack (Ed.): Life pictures from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830–1930. Volume 4. Elwer, Marburg 1950, pp. 363-371.
Schneider, Joseph. In: Adolph Carl Peter Callisen: Medicinisches Writer Lexicon of the now living authors. Volume 32. Altona 1844, pp. 178-181 ( digitized in the Google book search).
Hans Günter Schultz: Bibliography by Dr. Joseph Schneider. In: Fulda history sheets. 78 (2002), ISSN 0016-2612 , pp. 159-201.

Web links

Commons : Johann Joseph Schneider - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Life and work of the Hessian Government Medicinal Advisor and Chief Medicinal Councilor Dr. Joseph Schneider in Fulda. Verlag Otto Wigand, Leipzig 1843, p. 7 ( digitized in the Google book search).
^ Gustav Schneider: Joseph Schneider (1777-1854). In: Ingeborg Schnack (Ed.): Life pictures from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830–1930. Volume 4. Elwer, Marburg 1950, pp. 363-371, here p. 363.

personal data
SURNAME	Schneider, Johann Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German doctor
DATE OF BIRTH	October 15, 1777
PLACE OF BIRTH	Fulda , Hochstift Fulda
DATE OF DEATH	September 24, 1854
Place of death	Fulda , Electorate of Hesse

[1] Life and work of the Hessian Government Medicinal Advisor and Chief Medicinal Councilor Dr. Joseph Schneider in Fulda. Verlag Otto Wigand, Leipzig 1843, p. 7 ( digitized in the Google book search).

[2] Gustav Schneider: Joseph Schneider (1777-1854). In: Ingeborg Schnack (Ed.): Life pictures from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830–1930. Volume 4. Elwer, Marburg 1950, pp. 363-371, here p. 363.