Johann Lorenz von Mosheim

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Johann Lorenz von Mosheim
Göttingen memorial plaque for Johann Lorenz von Mosheim at the Michaelishaus at Prinzenstrasse 21
King George II in the Paulinerkirche 1748

Johann Lorenz Mosheim , from 1748 from Mosheim , (baptized October 9, 1693 in Lübeck ; † September 9, 1755 in Göttingen ) was a German Lutheran theologian and church historian.

Life

Mosheim was a leading church historian of his time. Little is known about its origin. He is said to come from the old Styrian baronial family from Mosheim zu Schloss Thannegg , with whose coat of arms he also sealed his letters. He was baptized on October 9, 1693 in the Church of St. Mary in Lübeck , where the father was entered in the baptismal register as a "stranger" without a title of nobility.

The father Ferdinand Sigismund von Mosheim was an impoverished southern German cavalier. Although he was a Catholic, he allowed Johann Lorenz to be brought up as a Protestant. Because probably the mother was Magdalena Catharina born. Protestant from Prißen. It is not known how the Dowager Duchess Elisabeth Sophie Marie of Schleswig Holstein Plön and later Duchess of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel knew the boy. But she made sure that he could visit the Katharineum in Lübeck .

The Duchess later remained a committed supporter of Mosheim. She financed his studies at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , where he had been matriculated since 1715, and in 1723, with her support, he was appointed full professor of theology at the University of Helmstedt . Until 1747 he was general school inspector for the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. At the same time, he held the professorship at the University of Helmstedt and was Abbot of Mariental and Michaelstein . He then played a key role in the development of the University of Göttingen , where in 1747 he became professor and - as the first and only scholar in the history of the university - became chancellor. An outstanding event for the young university was the visit of King George II in Göttingen on August 1, 1748. The festive event as an elevator in the Paulinerkirche is handed down through a contemporary engraving and the report of the Chancellor von Mosheim. In that year he was also raised to the Prussian nobility . In 1751 he was elected honorary member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences .

Due to his modern conception of church history, Mosheim was considered the "father of modern church history" and the founder of pragmatic church historiography. In his opinion, the history of the Church was determined by human activity. He was not only the author of numerous theological and ecclesiastical works, but also recognized and popular as a preacher.

His epitaph was moved from the Paulinerkirche to the University Church of St. Nikolai in 1822 . At the Michaelishaus one of the Göttingen memorial plaques commemorates him.

literature

  • Angelika Alwast, Jendris Alwast: Johann Lorenz Mosheim . In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck Vol. 10, Neumünster 1994, pp. 258–263. ISBN 3-529-02650-6 .
  • Dirk Fleischer: Introduction to the reprint by: Johann Lorenz von Mosheim: An attempt at an impartial and thorough heretic history (1746), Waltrop 1995, pp. III – XLV.
  • Dirk Fleischer: Introduction to the reprint by: Johann Lorenz von Mosheim: Brief instruction to learn the wisdom of God, given in academic lectures (1763), Waltrop 1998, pp. 3–41.
  • Dirk Fleischer: Preaching and reference to the present. Johann Lorenz von Mosheim's understanding of Christian preaching. In: Johann Lorenz von Mosheim: Instruction to preach edifyingly. Drafted from the various lectures of the blessed Mr. Chancellor and promoted for printing by CE v. Windheim (1763). Waltrop 1998, pp. 1-105.
  • Dirk Fleischer: Truth and History. For the science-based reflection of the theologians Johann Lorenz von Mosheim and Johann Salomo Semler. In: S. Jordan, PT Walther (Ed.): History of Science and History. Aspects of a problematic relationship. W. Küttler on his 65th birthday. Waltrop 2002, pp. 24-47.
  • Dirk Fleischer: Between tradition and progress. The structural change of Protestant church historiography in the German-speaking discourse of the Enlightenment. Volume 1, Waltrop 2006, ISBN 3-89991-053-2 , pp. 139-355.
  • Karl Heussi: Johann Lorenz Mosheim. A contribution to eighteenth-century church history . Tubingen 1906.
  • Eginhard Peter Meijering: The history of Christian theology in the judgment of JL von Mosheim . Amsterdam 1995, ISBN 90-5063-437-0 .
  • Johann Peter Miller : Johann Lorenz von Mosheim moral teaching of the Holy Scriptures eighth part. Weygand, Göttingen / Leipzig 1767.
  • Martin Mulsow u. a. (Ed.): Johann Lorenz Mosheim (1693–1755). Theology in the field of tension between philosophy, philology and history (= Wolfenbütteler Forschungen. Vol. 77). Wiesbaden 1997 ( table of contents ).
  • Bernd Moeller: Johann Lorenz von Mosheim and the founding of the University of Göttingen , in: Bernd Moeller (Hrsg.): Theologie in Göttingen . Göttingen 1987, pp. 9-40.
  • Martin Peters: The pioneer of modern preaching. Johann Lorenz Mosheim presented and appreciated in his homiletic views. A contribution to the history of homiletics . Leipzig 1910.
  • Emil Franz Rössler: The founding of the University of Göttingen. Göttingen 1855 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Francois Thirion: Les secrets philosophiques d'un pasteur matérialiste. Charleston USA 2014.
  • Julius August WagenmannMosheim, Johann Lorenz . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 395-399.
  • Klaus-Gunther WesselingMosheim, Johann Lorenz von. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 196-204.
  • Gernot WießnerMosheim, Johann Lorenz von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 210 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Johann Lorenz von Mosheim  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Allgemeine Anzeiger and national newspaper of the Germans . 1822, No. 98 (April 12), Col. 1040 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  2. ^ A b Bernd Moeller: Johann Lorenz von Mosheim and the foundation of the Göttingen University . In: Theologie in Göttingen Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1987, pp. 13-14, ISBN 3-525-35834-2
  3. ^ Karl Heussi : Johann Lorenz Mosheim. A contribution to eighteenth-century church history. Tubingen 1906.
  4. ^ Julius August Wagenmann:  Mosheim, Johann Lorenz . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 395-399.
  5. Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246; = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class . Volume 3, Vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 173.