Johann Wigerinck

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johann Wigerinck, Portrait of Jacob van Utrecht (1525)

Johann Wigerinck , also Wiggerinck , Wiggeringk o. Ä. (* Around 1500 in Lübeck ; † end of January 1563 ) was a German merchant.

Life

Johann Wigerinck was the eldest son and one of at least eight surviving children of the wealthy Lübeck long-distance trader, banker and patron Godart Wigerinck from his second marriage to Anna, née. Claholt († January 14, 1510), daughter of councilor Hermann Claholt . The Canon Hieronymus Wigerinck († 1549), who was conspicuous “through a messy life”, was his younger brother. Another brother, Hermann, had lived in Gdansk as a citizen and merchant since 1531 at the latest , but reappeared as a citizen of Lübeck in 1544 and bought a house on Holstenstrasse in 1548 . Of a fourth brother, Godart, we only know that he joined the Greveradenkompanie, stayed in Lübeck and died in 1550. The sister Kunneke married into the family of the business partner Claus Lüdinghusen , at least one other sister became a nun. In addition, there were possibly half siblings from the other three marriages of the father.

After the death of his father in 1518, the executor and partner of the trading company from Nuremberg , Jörg Baier d. J., the business continues. With Johann Wigerinck and the later Lübeck councilor Claus Lüdinghusen († 1528), Baier founded a new trading company that continued to trade in copper and maintained close relationships with the Fugger trading company in Augsburg and Nuremberg , which was headed by Anton Fugger from 1525 . As early as 1520 Wigerinck was accepted into the Leonhard Brotherhood, in which his parents were also members. He joined the Greveradenkompanie when he was declared of age in 1526. By 1525 at the latest he was also a member of the Brotherhood of the Annunciation, which was responsible for the Marientids in the Marienkirche .

In the late 1520s he joined the Lutherans . In 1529, together with the Swedish merchant Harmen Israhel , one of the leading evangelicals in the city, he represented the debtors of Hans Mensing against his heirs. In 1530 he became a member of the Citizens Committee , which was also called the 64 Committee because of the number of its members . The committee decided on June 30, 1530 to introduce the Reformation in Lübeck and invited Johannes Bugenhagen to work out a church ordinance . In 1531 the committee initiated a reshuffle of the council, but Wigerinck was not one of the 18 committee members who came to the council in this way in either 1531 or 1533 . In 1532 he participated in the dissolution of the St. Anne's Monastery by organizing the return of some nuns from the mother monastery in Steterburg to their parent monastery.

At the end of the Wullenwever period in Lübeck, the 64 committee resigned in 1535. Wigerinck's relationship with Fugger also seems to have suffered under the restless Wullenwever period and Lübeck's defeat in the count's feud , because they informed Gustav I. Vasa's court marshal Albrecht Silstrang (Sylstrangk) that they had Johann Wigerinck zu Lübeck “several years ago in their Things needed ”, but“ for honest reasons ... no longer need him. ”That was probably related to the fact that Gustav Vasa in the dispute over the debts he owed to Israhel and other Lübeckers, 1533 all privileges for Lübeckers Merchants withdrew and thus trade between Sweden and Lübeck was completely broken off until at least 1536. Apart from the trade with Sweden, the business connections between Wigerinck and the Fuggers continued to exist, which is documented for at least 1541.

Wigerinck also invested in real estate; it appears several times in the 1530s and 1540s in the Lübeck Niederstadtbuch . In 1541 he was one of the creditors of the bankrupt and suicidal property speculator Diedrich Scherhar. He and his brother Hermann last appeared in the council judgments on August 23, 1550, because they allegedly had not paid a debt, which the plaintiff was unable to prove. According to an entry in the weekly books of the Marienkirche, Johann Wigerinck died in the fifth week after Christmas 1562, i.e. at the end of January 1563.

Hans Kemmers Die Liebesgabe probably shows Wigerinck with his second wife Agneta Kerckring.

family

Wigerinck was married twice. He married his first wife Margarete Possick, the daughter of the Livonia driver Peter Possick / Possyck, around 1525. Possick was one of the most important merchants in Lübeck, was a business partner of Godart Wigerinck and, like his son-in-law, a member of the Greveradenkompanie. He was a co-founder of the St. Anne's Monastery , where his name and coat of arms are preserved in the refectory. Another of his daughters was married to Lambert von Dalen , who later was one of Wullenwever's fiercest opponents. Wigerinck's first wife died before 1529. In that year he married Agneta Kerckring, a daughter of councilor Johann Kerkring, who died in 1516, and sister of councilor Hinrich Kerckring . No children are known from either marriage.

He lived in the house at Braunstraße 4 / Schüsselbuden 20, the house next door to Nikolaus Lüdinghusen (Schüsselbuden 18). Later this house was owned by the Kaufmann Gerd Reuter, who it with a new Renaissance façade with terracotta sculptures by Statius Duren was provided, which saved for the demolition of the house in 1879 and in the facade of the house Musterbahn were integrated third In addition, he owned several other properties in the city at least for a time, including a house on Breite Strasse from his first wife's dowry and one on Schmiedestrasse, which his second wife brought into the marriage.

painting

Like his father, Johann Wigerinck supported the painters based in Lübeck through commissions. In 1525, probably around his first marriage to Margarete Possick, he had himself portrayed by Jacob van Utrecht . The coats of arms of Wigerinck and Possick are depicted in the upper corners. Wigerinck is depicted with a rosary, presumably made of coral , which suggests that he still followed his father's faith at that time. The portrait later came into the collection of the Barons von Fürstenberg at Herdringen Castle and is now on permanent loan at the LWL Museum for Art and Culture in Münster .

Probably on the occasion of Wigerinck's second marriage in 1529 to Agneta Kerckring, Hans Kemmer created the picture Die Liebesgabe around 1530 , which could be purchased at Sotheby’s for the Lübeck museums in 2018 . In contrast to the formal engagement pictures of this time, Kemmer depicts a romantic scene: the couple in rich, fashionable clothes sit in an idealized mountain landscape that bears no resemblance to the Lübeck surroundings. The young woman, probably Wigerinck's bride Agneta Kerckring, holds a wreath of carnations and daisies that has already been started. Both flowers are to be found as medieval symbols for the Virgin Mary indicating virginity and as such also in traditional engagement portraits, the carnation was also a symbol of conjugal love. The man who can be recognized as Johann Wigerinck hands her a gold ring. A bulbous bottle stands in the water at her feet to cool the wine. Next to him is a silver beaker with three feet and gold decorations.

Hans Kemmer: Christ and the Adulteress (1530) with the coat of arms Wigerinck (left) and Kerckring (right)

In 1530 Wigerinck commissioned the Reformation program picture Christ and the Adulteress from Hans Kemmer, which is now in the St. Anne's Museum . Christoph Emmendörffer evaluates the picture as " incunable of Protestant art in Lübeck". In his monograph on Hans Kemmer, he suspects that Wigerinck portrayed the beardless disciple Johannes standing behind Jesus.

literature

  • Heinrich Dormeier : The wholesale merchant and banker Godert Wiggerinck († 1518 April 24). In: ZVLGA 85 (2005), pp. 93–165, especially p. 155 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Johann Wigerinck  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spelling on his father's grave slab in the Marienkirche in Lübeck .
  2. ↑ Date of death according to Christoph Emmendörffer: Hans Kemmer - A Lübeck painter of the Reformation period. Leipzig: Seemann 1997 ISBN 3-363-00670-5 , p. 103 and note 488.
  3. ^ The first wife Anna Prume died on July 4, 1497.
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Prange : maid - cook - housekeeper. Women among clergymen at the end of the Middle Ages. In: Bishop and Cathedral Chapter of Lübeck: Hochstift, Principality and Region 1160–1937. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2014, ISBN 978-3-7950-5215-7 , pp. 271–288, here p. 279, see also the Directory of Canons, ibid., P. 345 No. 20.
  5. ^ Wilhelm Ebel (Ed.): Lübeck Council Judgments Vol. 3 1526-1550, No. 254.
  6. ^ Entry in the finding aid of the Lübeck city archive.
  7. ↑ To the siblings: Heinrich Dormeier : The wholesale merchant and banker Godert Wiggerinck († 1518 April 24). In: ZVLGA 85 (2005), pp. 93-165; P. 155f.
  8. ^ A b Heinrich Dormeier : The wholesale merchant and banker Godert Wiggerinck († 1518 April 24). In: ZVLGA 85 (2005), pp. 93-165; P. 155.
  9. ^ Christoph Emmendörffer: Hans Kemmer - A Lübeck painter of the Reformation period. Leipzig: Seemann 1997 ISBN 3-363-00670-5 , p. 197, note 486.
  10. ↑ Wilhelm Ebel (Ed.): Lübeck Council Judgments Vol. 3 1526-1550, No. 177.
  11. ^ Georg Waitz : Lübeck under Jürgen Wullenwever and European politics. Berlin: Weidmann 1855, p. 286 .
  12. ↑ Heinrich Dormeier: Foundation and early history of the Lübeck St. Anne's Monastery as reflected in the testamentary tradition . ZVLGA 91 (2011) ( digitized version), pp. 29-69; P. 68.
  13. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz : Anton Fugger. Volume 1, 1453-1535, Tübingen: Mohr (Siebeck) 1958 ( Studies on Fugger History 13), p. 111.
  14. ^ Hans-Jürgen Vogtherr: The donors Gustav Vasas 1522 and the Lübeck foreign policy. ZVLGA 82 (2002), pp. 59-110; P. 59f.
  15. ^ A b Willibald Leo von Lütgendorff-Leinburg : A newly discovered picture by Hans Kemmer. In: Vtaerstädtische Blätter 1911, pp. 1–3 ( digitized version )
  16. ↑ Wilhelm Ebel (Ed.): Lübeck Council Judgments Vol. 3 1526-1550, No. 881.
  17. ^ Christoph Emmendörffer: Hans Kemmer - A Lübeck painter of the Reformation period. Leipzig: Seemann 1997 ISBN 3-363-00670-5 , p. 103 and note 488.
  18. ^ Harm von Seggern: trading companies in Lübeck towards the end of the 15th century. In: Simonetta Cavaciocchi (ed.): La famiglia nell'economia europea secoli XIII-XVIII. The Economic Role of the Family in the European Economy from the 13th to the 18th Centuries . Firenze University Press, 2009, pp. 457-470; Pp. 463 and 468.
  19. ^ Helga Rossi: Lübeck and Sweden in the first half of the 16th century. The Lübeck Holmevarer College between 1520 and 1540. Lübeck 2011, p. 143.
  20. ^ Rolf Hammel-Kiesow (ed.): Houses and courtyards in Lübeck. Vol. 2, Neumünster 1988, pp. 28-31, as well as Vol. 4, p. 342.
  21. ^ Renaissance and Baroque: in the Westphalian State Museum for Art and Cultural History Münster. Münster: Landesmuseum 2000 ISBN 9783887891374 , p. 94.
  22. ↑ A "gift of love" .
  23. ↑ Herder Lexicon symbols . 1979. pp. 116f
  24. ↑ Lübeck's St. Annen Museum buys rare paintings . Schleswig-Holstein Magazin - December 22, 2018.
  25. ↑ Inv. No. 1921/84; Friedricke Schütt: Christ and the adulteress [1530] in: Jan Friedrich Richter (Ed.): Lübeck 1500 - Art Metropolis in the Baltic Sea Region , catalog, Imhoff, Petersberg 2015, pp. 356–357 (No. 66).
  26. ^ Christoph Emmendörffer: Hans Kemmer - A Lübeck painter of the Reformation period. Leipzig: Semann 1997 ISBN 3-363-00670-5 , pp. 100-106.
personal data
SURNAME Wigerinck, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wiggerinck, Johann; Wiggeringk, Johann; Wiggering, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German businessman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH January 1563
Place of death Lübeck