Johannes Angelos (Sebastokrator)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johannes Angelos ( Middle Greek Ιωάννης Άγγελος ; † spring 1348 ) was a Byzantine aristocrat, military leader and provincial governor under the emperor Andronikos III. Palaiologos and John VI. Kantakuzenos .

Life

Little is known about Johannes' childhood and youth, and his family origins are largely in the dark. He was brought up and instructed in warfare by his cousin (or uncle) Johannes Kantakuzenos. His wife was a daughter of the Protovestiarios Andronikos Palaiologos .

In the sources, Johannes Angelos appears for the first time in 1328 as governor ( Kephale ) of Kastoria . Around 1336/37 he officiated with the title of Pinkernes (imperial cupbearer ) as governor of Ioannina in Epirus , who after the sudden death of the despot Giovanni II Orsini of Andronikos III. had been annexed. In 1339 Johannes and the Thessalian governor Michael Monomachos fought an anti-Pyzantine revolt in Epirus, which was suppressed by autumn 1340. John was then by Andronikos III. appointed as governor based in Arta .

In the turmoil of the Byzantine civil war that broke out in 1341, John Angelos sided with his relative John VI. Kantakuzenos, at whose acclamation as emperor in Didymoticho on October 26, 1341 he was present. In the spring of 1342 he took part in John VI. unsuccessful campaign against revolutionary zealot- controlled Thessaloniki ; in July 1342 he accompanied him to Pristina to meet the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan .

After the separatist Michael Gabrielopulos was ousted , Johannes Angelos was appointed governor of Thessaly for life in the autumn of 1342 with the consent of the regional magnates ; for this purpose, John VI. specially a chrysobull . As a loyal deputy to the emperor, he was able to expand the Byzantine territory in Greece from his official residence in Trikala at the expense of the Catalan duchies of Neopatria and Athens, as well as in Epirus and Akarnania , where he brought Orsini's widow Anna Palaiologina Kantakuzene into his power. In 1343, Johannes took part at the head of a Thessalian cavalry contingent in another unsuccessful attempt to take Thessaloniki for the magnate party. After John VI. on March 31, 1347 had taken over the government in Constantinople , he awarded his cousin the high court dignity of a sebastocrator .

Johannes Angelos died of the plague in the spring of 1348 . Thessaly, largely depopulated by the epidemic, was conquered by the Serbian voivod Preljub for the expanding Nemanjid Empire.

swell

literature

  • Catherine Asdracha: Les Rhodopes au XIVe siècle. In: Revue des études byzantines. Vol. 34, 1976, ISSN  0766-5598 , pp. 175-209, here: p. 206.
  • Mark C. Bartusis: The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204-1453. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia PA 1997, ISBN 0-8122-1620-2 .
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори у Византији . In: Зборник радова Византолошког института . Vol. 11, 1968, ISSN  0584-9888 , pp. 141-192 ( PDF file; 4.0 MB ), here: pp. 184-185.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Тесалија у XIII и XIV веку (= Посебна издања . Vol. 15). Византолошки институт САНУ, Београд 1974, pp. 218, 225.
  • John Van Antwerp Fine: The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 1994, ISBN 0-472-08260-4 .
  • Rodolphe Guilland: Recherches sur les institutions byzantines. Vol. 1 (= Berlin Byzantine Works. Vol. 35). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1967.
  • Otto Kresten : Marginalia on the history of Ioannina under Emperor Andronikos III. Palaiologos. In: Ηπειρωτικά Χρονικά. Vol. 25, 1983, ISSN  1108-4758 , pp. 113-132, here: pp. 125-127.
  • Ljubomir Maksimović: The Byzantine provincial administration under the Palaiologoi. Adolf M. Hakkert, Amsterdam 1988, ISBN 90-256-0968-6 , pp. 59, 122, 135-136, 154
  • Donald M. Nicol : The Byzantine family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) approx. 1100-1460. A genealogical and prosopographical study (= Dumbarton Oaks Studies. Vol. 11). Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington DC 1968, pp. 51-53, 130, 147-148.
  • Donald M. Nicol: The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479. A contribution to the history of Greece in the middle ages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1984, ISBN 0-521-26190-2 .
  • Donald M. Nicol: The Reluctant Emperor: A Biography of John Cantacuzene, Byzantine Emperor and Monk, c. 1295-1383. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1996, ISBN 0-521-55256-7 .
  • Erich Trapp , Hans-Veit Beyer, Ioannes G. Leontiades: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit . Addenda and Corrigenda to fascicles 1–8 (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies. Vol. 1 / 1–8 Add.). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1462-1 , p. 4 No. 91038.
  • Erich Trapp, Rainer Walther, Hans-Veit Beyer: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit. 1. Fascicle: Ἀαρών - Ἀψαρᾶς (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies . Vol. 1/1). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-7001-0169-4 , p. 17 No. 204.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ See PLP Add. 1-8, p. 4.
  2. ↑ See Nicol, Despotate , p. 107.
  3. ^ Cf. Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , pp. 254 f .; Nicol, Reluctant Emperor , pp. 38-43.
  4. ↑ See Guilland, Recherches , p. 249 f.
  5. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , pp. 301-302; Nicol, Kantakouzenos , p. 53.
  6. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , p. 302.
  7. ↑ See Nicol, Reluctant Emperor , p. 67.
  8. ↑ See Nicol, Epiros , p. 130.
  9. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , pp. 302, 320; Bartusis, Late Byzantine Army , p. 96.
personal data
SURNAME John Angelos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ιωάννης Άγγελος (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Byzantine aristocrat, military leader and provincial governor of Epirus and Thessaly
DATE OF BIRTH before 1328
DATE OF DEATH 1348