Johannes guest

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Johannes Gast , also Johannes Peregrinus (* around 1500 in Breisach am Rhein , † July 26, 1552 in Basel ) was a Swiss Protestant clergyman.

Life

After traveling through Germany and to Budapest , where he was probably a student of Simon Grynaeus , and after Breslau , he became a country pastor in Breisgau .

In 1524 he heard sermons from his teacher Johannes Oekolampad . In 1525 he became a proofreader for the printer and publisher Adam Petri , with whom he also lived in Basel; At the same time, the student Konrad Humprecht, who later became mayor of Frankfurt am Main , also lived there .

In 1529 he took part in the Basel Synod as a deacon at St. Martin , but was only a parish assistant, and remained in this office until he died of the plague ; briefly he was suspended from his office by the council for a few months in 1545. In 1546 he was denied the parish of Riehen , for which he was given the office of field preacher . The Basel university register names him in 1533, where he heard lectures from Paul Phrygio , but no academic titles are known.

He was close friends with several Basel printers, including Johannes Oporin and Bartholomaeus Westheimer (1499–1567), and he was in correspondence with Heinrich Bullinger , so he reported to him about news from Newe Zeytung and those he received from students from Wittenberg or learned from letters. He was also friends with the Basel doctor Johannes Huber (1507–1571).

Johannes Gast was married to Apollonia, daughter of Anton Glaser; together they had eleven children, of whom we know by name:

  • Abigail Gast (1531–1564), married to Apollinaris Stehelin, councilor in Basel since 1588.
  • Theodosia Gast (baptized 1538);
  • Apollonia Gast (baptized 1549);
  • Placidia guest;
  • Hans Rudolf Gast;
  • Ursula Gast, married to the painter Esajas Salb;

His brother-in-law was the Protestant theologian Johann Georg Grienblatt and his nephew Philipp Bechius (1521–1560), a doctor and professor of the Greek language in Basel.

Writing and journalism

Johannes Gast edited, translated and edited many transcripts of sermons and lectures by Johannes Oekolampad, so he translated eight lectures and sermons into Latin and brought them to print between 1533 and 1544.

He combined texts from antiquity by Suetonius and Plutarch , the Middle Ages by Jordanes and Paulus Diakonus and the Italian humanism by Francesco Petrarca and Paolo Giovio with contemporary stories by Heinrich Bebel or Erasmus von Rotterdam and excerpts from Newe Zeytungen from the perspective of the first-person narrator. He liked to decorate messages in his diary, especially criminal cases, with narrative. Among other things, two anecdotes became known about the historical Doctor Faustus in Basel, whom he obviously got to know personally in the former Augustinian monastery in Basel , and the first description of the cruel death of Faust by the hand of the devil ; the writings that appeared in print in 1548 are among the oldest evidence of the appearance of the historical Faust.

He also published works and collected excerpts from early Christian writers, including by Marcus Tullius Cicero and Titus Livius , but also works by contemporaries such as Johann Spangenberg and Philipp Melanchthon .

In the period between 1541 and 1551 his three-volume popular anecdotes collection Convivales sermones and 1543 a New Testament as well as in the following year a collection of writings, De anabaptismi exordio, erroribus, historiis abominandis, confutationibus adiectis, libri duo , against the Anabaptism movement appeared .

He also worked as a chronicler and left an incompletely preserved diary of high historical value in which he reported on the political, ecclesiastical and economic history of Basel and the neighboring areas, including crimes such as the murder of the butcher Hans Werner Lützelmann in 1545 .

Fonts (selection)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jan-Andrea Bernhard: Consolidation of the Reformed Confession in the Empire of the St. Stephen's Crown: A Contribution to the History of Communication between Hungary and Switzerland in the Early Modern Period (1500-1700) . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015, ISBN 978-3-647-55070-1 ( google.de [accessed December 21, 2019]).
  2. ↑ Reinhard Bodenmann, Alexandra Kess, Judith Steiniger: Bullinger, Heinrich: Works: Section 2: Correspondence. Vol. 17: Letters from June to September 1546 . Theological Verlag Zürich, 2015, ISBN 978-3-290-17782-9 ( google.de [accessed on December 21, 2019]).
  3. ↑ Erhard Richter: Home historian Erhard Richter reports: Murder caused a sensation in 1545. November 2, 2016, accessed December 22, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Guest, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Peregrinus, Johannes; Gastius, Joannes; Peregrinus, Johannes Petroselanus; Petroselanus Peregrinus, Johannes; Peregrinus, Johannes (Petroselanus); Gastius, Ioannes; Gastius, Johannes; Peregrinus, Joannes Petroselanus; Peregrinus, Johannes Petroselanus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss Protestant clergyman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Breisach on the Rhine
DATE OF DEATH July 26, 1552
Place of death Basel