Johannes Schulthess

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Johannes Schulthess

Johannes Schulthess (born September 28, 1763 in Stettfurt , † November 10, 1836 in Zurich ) was a Swiss clergyman and university professor .

Life

family

Johannes Schulthess was the fourth and youngest son of the pastor and philologist Johann Georg Schulthess and his wife Anna (born October 4, 1729 (baptism date) in Marthalen ; † July 3, 1781 in Zurich), daughter of pastor Johann Heinrich Gossweiler (1688–1734 ); his brother was the later theologian Johann Georg Schulthess .

His first marriage since 1791 was Elisabetha (born February 17, 1773 in Zurich; † December 12, 1798), daughter of the university professor Johann Rudolf Rahn, and they had three children together:

  • Hans Georg Schulthess (born June 3, 1795 in Zurich; † 1866), pastor;
  • Hans Rudolf Schulthess (born November 18, 1798 in Zurich; † November 10, 1800 there);
  • Johannes Schulthess (November 18, 1798 in Zurich; † 1871), French teacher at the industrial school.

In his second marriage he was married to Anna Maria, daughter of Salomon Hafner, from 1799; their marriage had four children:

  • Rudolf Schulthess (born February 3, 1802 in Zurich; † August 5, 1833 in Paris), doctor and physics and botany teacher;
  • Anna Maria Schulthess (born July 9, 1803 in Zurich);
  • Friedrich Schulthess , took over his father's publishing house in 1831 and became a publisher;
  • Louise Schulthess (born November 19, 1806 in Zurich).

education

Johannes Schulthess was tutored by his father until he was fourteen and then attended the Collegium Humanatis and the Collegium Carolinum in Zurich.

Career

After completing his theological studies, he was appointed professor of Hebrew at the Collegium Carolinum in 1787 . In 1791, together with the printer Kaspar Näf (1760–1822), he founded the Schulthess publishing house (today: Schulthess Legal Media ); The main concern of the publishing house was above all the publication of theological and school books for the education of the youth.

In 1796 he became professor of ancient languages and in 1816 professor of theology and canon at the Grossmünster .

After he had campaigned in vain for the preservation of the Canons' Monastery in the reorganization of the situation at the beginning of the 1830s, he continued teaching at the newly founded University of Zurich from 1833 as an associate professor until his death; Alexander Schweizer was one of his students .

Theological work

Johannes Schulthess was engaged in exegetical- theological research and became known as the Swiss representative of older rationalism in the form of Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus and Johann Friedrich Röhr . He laid down his dogmatic principles in 1822 in the brochure Rationalism and Supernaturalism, Canon, Tradition and Scription, published with Johann Caspar von Orelli , and from 1823 to 1826 in his revision of the concept of the church .

Social work

Johannes Schulthess founded and directed both the school for the poor and the asylum for the blind, which was housed in the fountain tower . He was a supporter of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi's school reform in the Canton of Zurich and was on the Education Council from 1801, where he campaigned for the improvement of teacher training and was its actuary until 1813. He was also responsible for the plan for the community school founded in 1802, of which he was head for a number of years. Together with Johann Heinrich Rusterholz (1760–1806) he set up school masterclasses that were held in 1806 and 1807 at Gut Riedtli near Zurich.

At Pestalozzi's request, he founded the Swiss Educational Society , which, under Pestalozzi’s presidency, held its annual meetings in Lenzburg from 1808 to 1812 and gave his speech at Pestalozzi in 1809 on the idea of ​​elementary education , later by Johannes Niederer (1779–1843 ) has been partially revised. Johannes Schulthess also worked as an actuary for the company and edited its negotiations.

It was also thanks to him that the Zwinglifeier was allowed to take place in the Sihlwald in 1818 ; this meeting led to the foundation of what would later become the Swiss Zofinger Association .

Writing

From 1801 to 1806 he wrote the first six New Year's papers for the Zürcher Aid Society, and later those of 1808, 1811 and 1819. From 1812 to 1816 he edited the journal Der non-profit Swiss, published by the Swiss Charitable Society . He wrote school books and writings for young people, including Der Kinderfreund published in 1808 , which was later published in a further eleven editions.

He wrote a large number of theological and ecclesiastical publications, among other things, during the mediation period from 1808 to 1813, he published eight volumes of Contributions to the Promotion of the Church and School System in Switzerland and in 1814 his children's Bible ; he also published articles in various theological journals, including in the Analects of Karl August Gottlieb Keil and Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner . From 1815 to 1824 he published his three-volume work Exegetical-Theological Research . From 1826 to 1830 he edited the theological journal Neue theologische Annalen founded by Ludwig Wachler .

His main work was the eight-volume work on Huldrych Zwingli , published together with Johann Melchior Schuler , in which they praised Zwingli for his freedom and love for the country on the occasion of the Reformation anniversary of 1819.

Memberships

Johannes Schulthess was a member of the Zurich Aid Society, founded by Hans Caspar Hirzel and still in existence today, as well as of the Swiss Charitable Society.

Awards

  • Johannes Schulthess was the holder of the Royal Prussian Reformation Medal.

Fonts (selection)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rahn, Johann Rudolf. Retrieved June 8, 2020 .
  2. ^ Family tree of Johannes Schulthess. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  3. ^ German biography: Schulthess, Hans Georg - German biography. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  4. ^ German biography: Schulthess, Johannes - German biography. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Historical Family Lexicon of Switzerland - Persons. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Schulthess, Rudolf. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Ulrike Henschel: Mediator of the law: legal publishers from the late Enlightenment to the early post-war period . Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-042101-9 ( google.de [accessed on June 9, 2020]).
  8. ^ History - Schulthess specialist information on Swiss law. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Anton von Tillier: History of the Helvetian Republic: from its foundation in spring 1798 to its dissolution in spring 1803 . C. Fischer, 1843 ( google.de [accessed June 10, 2020]).
  10. ↑ Paul Michel: "A diamond that has not yet been completely polished" - Zwingli in Einsiedeln. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  11. ^ Rusterholz, Johann Heinrich. Retrieved June 8, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Rebekka Horlacher, Daniel Tröhler: All letters to Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi . Walter de Gruyter, 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-022833-5 ( google.de [accessed on June 9, 2020]).
  13. ↑ Niederer, Johannes. Retrieved June 8, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Yumpu.com: History of the Swiss Zofinger association. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  15. ↑ Marcel Naas: Didactic construction of the child in Swiss children's Bibles: Zurich, Bern, Lucerne (1800-1850) . V&R unipress GmbH, 2012, ISBN 978-3-89971-975-8 ( google.de [accessed on June 9, 2020]).
  16. ↑ Zwinglian. Retrieved June 9, 2020 .
  17. ↑ Zurich Aid Society. Retrieved June 8, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Schulthess, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schulthess, Johann; Schultheß, Johannes; Schulthess, Jean; Schulthessius, Joannes; Schulthessius, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1763
PLACE OF BIRTH Stettfurt
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1836
Place of death Zurich