Josef König (philosopher)

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Josef König (born February 24, 1893 in Kaiserslautern , † March 17, 1974 in Göttingen ) was a German philosopher .

Life

G. Patzig (l.) And J. König (r.) 1956

From 1912 to 1914 , Josef König studied philosophy , classical philology and experimental psychology in Heidelberg , Marburg , Zurich and Munich . From 1914 to 1918 he was a soldier in the First World War . From 1919 he studied philosophy in Göttingen . He had to interrupt his studies several times because of running his parents' business. In 1924 he received his doctorate in philosophy with the dissertation The Concept of Intuition with Georg Misch in Göttingen. From 1924 to 1928 he completed studies in Rome , Athens and Tübingen . In the winter semester of 1925/1926 he heard Heidegger's lecture in Marburg and took part in his seminar.

From 1928 he was back in Göttingen. He was in personal contact with Hans Lipps and Helmuth Plessner (correspondence 1923–1933) and, as a pupil of Misch, belonged to the Göttingen Dilthey School, without devoting himself to their logical-hermeneutic program. Although his habilitation thesis Being and Thinking was available there at the end of 1933, his habilitation in philosophy could not be enforced until 1935 after König joined the NSLB on July 1, 1934 and became a sponsoring member of the Nazi Fliegerkorps in August 1934 . For political reasons, a ministerial objection was made to the appointment of King to Hamburg as the successor to Ernst Cassirer . In the summer semester of 1936 he was a substitute professor for mixed and from October 1937 a teaching position for logic and philosophy of language. In the Second World War he was again a soldier and an artillery officer from 1938 to 1943. On August 21, 1941 he was appointed adjunct professor and on December 31, 1943 he was appointed to the uk .

After the end of the war, the Hamburg faculty repeated its call for the vacant chair. König followed the call and was professor of philosophy there from 1946 to 1953. From 1953 until his retirement in 1961 he held the Göttingen chair as the successor to Nicolai Hartmann , which his student Günther Patzig took over after him . In 1955, König became a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . He died on March 17, 1974 in Göttingen.

plant

Josef König's demands for the presentation of a train of thought and for complete clarity in the analysis were so high that he largely limited himself to academic obligations (dissertation, habilitation, commemorative articles) in his publications. He worked above all through his lectures and seminars, “in which he gradually approached his arguments in ever new approaches, repeated refinements, with constant critical reflection on positions he had reached so far, apparently more than a comprehensive clarification of the difficulties of the problems interested in a solution to the key questions ”. (Günther Patzig)

Thinking or the spiritual grasping is so “puzzling” to König, “because what is grasped spiritually, in contrast to something physically grasped, is what it is only in the grasping, only through it.” Philosophy depicts the facts; their riddle is "that the expression of the thought itself and immediately brings a factual problem into view again." ( The concept of intuition )

For Otto Friedrich Bollnow , Josef König is “probably the most important of the admittedly rare mixed pupils. ... With such an independent and idiosyncratic thinker it is difficult to trace mental dependencies in detail, but the subtitle of his book [ Being and Thinking ] 'Studies in the Border Area of Logic , Ontology and Philosophy of Language ' clearly points to that of Misch Towards a deepening of the logical foundations through the careful analysis of the linguistic forms in which the world opens up to us. ”In doing so, König makes a systematic distinction between determining and modifying predicates.

Ralf Dahrendorf dedicated his much discussed work Homo sociologicus to his teacher Josef König , while the classical philologist Bruno Snell dedicated his work Structure of Language .

Almut Mutzenbecher and Günter Dahms, Mathias Gutmann , Guy van Kerckhoven, Friedrich Kümmel, Hans-Ulrich Lessing, Günther Patzig , Frithjof Rodi, Volker Schürmann and Michael Weingarten , among others, endeavor to ensure the reception of his work . The estate is in the manuscript department of the State and University Library in Göttingen.

Publications

  • Publications during his lifetime
  • The concept of intuition . Niemeyer, Halle 1926.
  • Being and thinking. Studies in the border area of ​​logic, ontology and philosophy of language . Niemeyer, Halle 1937 (2nd edition, Tüb. 1969).
  • Georg Misch as a philosopher . News from the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, philological-historical class No. 7, Göttingen 1967.
  • Lectures and essays . Edited by Günther Patzig, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1978. ISBN 3-495-47397-1 . This includes: “The specific ability of philosophy as εὖ λέγειν” (1937), “The Leibniz system” (1946), “On a new ontological proof of the principle of the necessity of everything that happens” (1948), “Comments on the concept the cause ”(1949),“ The nature of the aesthetic effect ”(1957),“ Some remarks on the formal character of the difference between thing and property ”(1967).
  • Posthumous editions
  • The open indeterminacy of Heidegger's concept of existence (1935). In: Dilthey Yearbook for Philosophy and History of the Humanities , Volume 7, 1990-1. Edited by Frithjof Rodi, Göttingen 1991, pp. 279-87.
  • Small fonts . Edited by Günter Dahms, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1994. ISBN 3-495-47787-X . This includes: "On the current state of philosophy" (lecture 1934), "Comments on metaphor" (seminar lecture, around 1937), "Responsibility in science" (Studium generale lecture 1952), "Problems of the concept of development" (lecture 1958 ).
  • Josef König / Helmuth Plessner : Correspondence 1923–1933. With a letter essay by Josef König about Helmuth Plessner's “The Unity of the Senses” . Preface v. Frithjof Rodi. Edited by Hans-Ulrich Lessing a. Almut Mutzenbecher, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1994. ISBN 3-495-47778-0
  • The logical difference between theoretical and practical propositions and its philosophical meaning . Edited by Friedrich Kümmel, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1994. ISBN 3-495-47786-1
  • Introduction to the study of Aristotle (Rhetorik-Kolleg SS 1944) . With a foreword by Günther Patzig. Edited by Nicolas Braun, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 2002. ISBN 3-495-48059-5
  • Problems of epistemology. Göttingen College in the winter semester 1958/9 . Edited by Günter Dahms, Norderstedt 2004. ISBN 3-8334-1768-4
  • The open indeterminacy of Heidegger's concept of existence (1935), ed. by Guy van Kerckhoven and Hans-Ulrich Lessing, in: Dilthey Yearbook for Philosophy and History of the Humanities Volume 7 / 1990-91, ed. v. Frithjof Rodi, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen 1991, pp. 279-288
Manuscripts from the estate of Josef König
  • Josef König: Der Spiegel: Mirroring as a mirroring thing (September 10, 1936) (301)
  • Josef König: Notes from the editorial staff of the habilitation thesis (September 15, 1936) (315)
  • Josef König: Der Spiegel: The mirroring as such (319)
  • Josef König: on dynamei - mirror (329)

published unauthorized in: S. Blasche, M. Gutmann, M. Weingarten (Eds.): Repræsentatio Mundi. Images as expression and clarification of human world conditions. Historical-systematic perspectives; transcript publishing house

literature

  • Günther Patzig:  König, Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 344 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Jantzen, J .: Josef König, in: Philosophie d. Present in individual representations. Edited by JN-Rümelin, 2nd act. u. exp. 1999, pp. 358-61.
  • Patzig, G .: (Obituary to) Josef König, in: Jb. D. Ak. d. Knowledge in Göttingen 1974, pp. 78-83.
  • Disk, E .: Comments on d. Term d. Cause, in: HH Holz u. J. Schickel (Ed.), Vom Geist d. Naturwiss., 1969, pp. 105-34.
  • Schürmann, V .: On the structure of hermeneutic speech. A determination following on from Josef König, Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1999. ISBN 3-495-47925-2
  • Schürmann, V .: The metaphor of awakening in Josef König. Preliminary considerations on the relationship between genesis and genealogy. In: Holz, HH / Losurdo D. (ed.), Dialektik-Concepts (Topos-International Contributions to Dialectical Theory Issue 7), Bonn 1996.
  • Schürmann, V .: Aesthetic Truth and Selective Response. Experiment on the use of a parable in Josef König. In: Metscher, Th. U. a., mimesis and expression; Cologne 1999.
  • Schürmann, V .: "The spirit is the life of the community". On the interpretation of the Hegelian philosophy of mind by Josef König. Lecture at the Congress of Philosophy of History and Ethics, carried out by the International Society for Dialectical Philosophy - Societas Hegeliana, 11. – 14. September 1996, Pavia, Italy. In: Losurdo, D. (ed.), Philosophy of History and Ethics, Frankfurt a. M. u. a. 1998.
  • Otto Friedrich Bollnow : About the concept of aesthetic effect in Josef König, in: Dilthey year book for philosophy and history of the humanities Volume 7 / 1990-91, ed. v. Frithjof Rodi, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen 1991, pp. 13-43.
  • Friedrich Kümmel: Josef König. Attempt to appreciate his work, in: Dilthey-Jb. f. Business d. Spiritual Science 7, 1990-1. Edited by F. Rodi, Göttingen 1991, pp. 166-208.
  • Hans-Ulrich Lessing: Sense - giving meaning - sensualisation. On some central philosophical problems in the König – Plessner correspondence, in: Dilthey-Jb. f. Business d. Spiritual Science 7, 1990-1. Edited by F. Rodi, Göttingen 1991, pp. 209-229.
  • Mohanty, JN: The Central Distinction in Josef König´s Philosophy, in: Dilthey-Jb. f. Business d. Spiritual Science 7, 1990-1. Edited by F. Rodi, Göttingen 1991, pp. 230-49.
  • Festschrift for Josef König, ed. by H. Delius u. G. Patzig, Göttingen 1964.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Foreword to: Josef König, lectures and essays , p. 11
  2. ↑ OF Bollnow, Studies on Hermeneutics, Volume II, p. 25
personal data
SURNAME King, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH February 24, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Kaiserslautern
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1974
Place of death Goettingen