Josef von Schroll

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Josef Schroll , from 1873 Josef Edler von Schroll (born June 3, 1821 in Hauptmannsdorf , Austrian Empire , † October 4, 1891 in Liebeschitz ) was a large Bohemian-Austrian industrialist.

Life

The son of the textile manufacturer Benedict Schroll (1790–1876) and grandson of the canvas merchant Johann Benedikt Schroll (1759–1831) learned the trade from his father in Hauptmannsdorf. After joining his father's company, Schroll worked in the linen trade.

In 1835 he and his brother August took over their father's company. August Schroll was in charge of the factory and administration, while Josef Schroll was responsible for purchasing and selling the goods. He brought the knowledge and production methods he acquired on his travels to the company. However, he encountered resistance from his brother, who did not want to take any risks.

In 1856 the Schroll brothers set up a mechanical weaving mill in Ölberg near Hauptmannsdorf. In 1860 the company stopped trading in linen and now concentrated on the cotton business . In the 1860s, the Civil War led to the cotton crisis , which threatened the company's very existence. The differences of opinion between the company owners led to August Schroll's departure from the company in August 1865. Josef Schroll continued to run his father's company under the company name of Benedict Schrolls Sohn , while his brother set up the August Schroll & Co. contract weaving mill in Braunau in 1868 .

In the year of his takeover, Josef Schroll invested in new machines. From 1860 to 1870 he had another weaving mill built in Braunau. In 1871 he acquired the Allodherrschaft Liebeschitz with Auscha , Pokratitz ( Pokratice ), Wedlitz ( Vědlice ) and Tschernitz including the Nutschitz estate from the Lobkowitz princes . In 1873 Schroll's products were awarded prizes at the World Exhibition in Vienna. In the same year Josef Schroll was ennobled . At this time, the conversion of the Liebeschitz Palace into a family residence began.

With the construction of the railway from Halbstadt to Braunau , Schroll's initiative created a convenient transport connection. As a result, a third production facility was established in Braunau between 1876 and 1877. After its completion, production was switched to power looms. Schroll also built a bleaching and finishing plant near Ölberg and steam brickworks in Straßenau and between Ölberg and Hermsdorf . In 1885, Benedict Schroll's son employed 2,000 workers; At that time his company was the largest weaving mill in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and had a range of 30 registered trademarks. There was a central office in Prague . The main sales areas were the monarchy, Turkey, the Balkans, southern Europe and the USA. Schroll built numerous welfare institutions for the workers; a factory hospital, company kitchens with dining rooms, workers 'and employees' apartments and houses, and a works library. With the establishment of the cotton spinning mill in Halbstadt between 1882 and 1884, Schroll was able to cover the yarn requirements of the weaving mills from its own production. The chiffons produced by Schroll were able to prevail successfully against English products.

For his social commitment, especially for the construction of a poor house, the city of Braunau named him, like his father Benedikt Schroll, an honorary citizen. In 1873 he was raised to the Austro-Hungarian nobility with the predicate "Edler von Schroll". In 1887 Josef von Schroll arranged security work to preserve the Helfenburg . In 1888 he became an extraordinary member of the kuk Geographische Gesellschaft zu Wien .

Schroll was married twice. He died on October 4, 1891 in Liebeschitz; his body was buried in the family mausoleum on the Ratzkener Berg near Lewin, built according to plans by the architect Ludwig Zettl in the ancient Greek style . The company passed to the two daughters Johanna Langer and Eleonora Kriesche.

In 1902 a memorial to Schroll was unveiled in front of the weaving mill in Ölberg. On a high white marble base created by Josef Plečnik was a bust by Schroll created by Othmar Schimkowitz . The bust was destroyed after the Second World War. For a few years there was a bust for Edvard Beneš on the base . A replica could be made at the beginning of the 21st century and is now back on the marble plinth.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnica (Ed.): Biographical Lexicon for the History of the Bohemian Countries. On behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) . Volume III, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7 , p. 768.
  2. ^ Wiener Genealogisches Taschenbuch. 7th year, 1938/1939.
  3. ↑ see Lemma Jože Plečnik .
personal data
SURNAME Schroll, Josef von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schroll, Josef; Edler von Schroll, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Textile industrialist in Bohemia
DATE OF BIRTH June 3, 1821
PLACE OF BIRTH Hejtmánkovice
DATE OF DEATH October 4, 1891
Place of death Liběšice u Litoměřic