Meziměstí
| Meziměstí | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | After that | ||||
| Area : | 2573 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 38 ' N , 16 ° 14' E | ||||
| Height: | 432 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,429 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 549 81 | ||||
| License plate : | H | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Broumov - Mieroszów | ||||
| Railway connection: |
Choceň – Meziměstí Wałbrzych Szczawienko – Meziměstí Meziměstí-Broumov |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 6th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Eva Mücková (as of 2017) | ||||
| Address: | 5.května 1 549 81 Meziměstí |
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| Municipality number: | 574252 | ||||
| Website : | www.mezimesti.cz | ||||
Meziměstí (German Halbstadt ) is a city in Okres Náchod in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers northwest of Broumov in the Valley of Stones ( Stěnava ) between the Falkengebirge and the Waldenburger Bergland on the border with Poland .
geography
Meziměstí is located on the left bank of the Stěnava at the confluence of the Dobrohošťský creek in the Broumovská kotlina ( Braunauer Basin ). State road II / 302 runs through the city from Broumov to Starostín ( Neusorge ), which continues from the Starostín / Golińsk ( Göhlenau ) border crossing as DK 35 to the Polish city of Mieroszów ( Friedland ). Meziměstí is a railway junction on the Choceň – Meziměstí and Wałbrzych Szczawienko – Meziměstí lines , from which the branch line to Broumov branches off here. To the northeast rises the Vyhlídka ( Herzogkoppe , 489 m nm), in the southeast the Šance ( Schanzenberg , 483 m nm) and to the west the Buková hora ( beech , 638 m nm) and the Lipowa ( Lindenberg , 513 m npm).
Neighboring towns are Vižňov and Pomeznice in the north, Ruprechtice in the northeast, Hynčice in the east, Bělidlo and Jetřichov in the southeast, Alpská Víska in the south, Vernéřovice in the southwest, Zdoňov in the west and Starostín and Šestidomí in the northwest.
history
The settlement of the upper Steinetal, which at that time was administratively counted as part of the Glatzer Land , took place around 1250 by the Benedictine monastery in Politz . Niederwiesen was first mentioned in 1350 in a list of the villages belonging to the Bohemian castle district of Freudenburg . Another mention comes from the year 1434, when the Braunau abbot Hermann acquired the rule Wiesen mit Halbstadt; the village was first referred to as a half town . In 1556 the abbot pledged the villages of Halbstadt, Vižňov ( Wiesen ) and Wernersdorf to Joachim von Mauschwitz , who came from the Upper Lusatian noble family Debschitz and who was ennobled in 1558 as a resident of the Kingdom of Bohemia with the predicate "von Armenruh" ( Jachým Maušvic z Armenruh ). Due to disputes with the monastery, he gave up these possessions in 1567 and acquired the rule of Rokitnitz in the Eagle Mountains. In 1653 Halbstadt consisted of nine houses.
In 1833 the village of Halbstadt , located in the Königgrätzer Kreis , consisted of 38 houses in which 230 people lived. In the village there was a stately castle with a large yard, a stately Oberjägerhaus, a stately canvas bleaching facility, an inn, two mills, a board saw and several ponds. The village was parish to Wernersdorf. The main source of income for the residents was spinning and weaving. The village remained subject to the Braunau monastery until the middle of the 19th century.
After the abolition of patrimonial Halbstadt formed from 1849 a district of the municipality Wiesen / Višeňov in the judicial district of Braunau . In 1868 Halbstadt was assigned to the Braunau district . In 1873 Halbstadt and Neusorge von Wiesen broke away and formed the municipality of Halbstadt . In the same year construction of the railway began to Chotzen and in 1875 in a north-easterly direction to Breslau . In 1877 the first section of the cross-border railroad to Lower Silesian Niedersalzbrunn was put into operation . In the immediate vicinity of the train station on the Breslau - Vienna route , industrial companies settled, of which Benedict Schrolls Sohn's cotton spinning mill, built in 1882, was the largest. By 1910 it had several extensions and became one of the largest textile companies in Austria-Hungary . In addition to the company complex, the mechanical weaving mill and the finishing and bleaching plant of Josef Walzel & Söhne were also located. The Neu Semmering district was built as a workers' settlement near the Semmering excursion restaurant, which is already on Dittersbacherer Flur . At the instigation of the entrepreneurs of the industrial area, especially the Schrollfabrik, a huge prestigious station building was built under the direction of a Parisian architectural office, the shape and size of which matched the Schrollfabrik well, but was significantly oversized for the small village of Halbstadt. Other companies were added, including Messapparate-Baugesellschaft (MESSAP). In 1873, Neusorge was incorporated. After Czechoslovakia was founded in 1918, a school for the Czech minority was set up in Halstadt Castle in 1920, and in 1923 the official Czech place name Meziměstí was introduced. In 1930, a total of 1617 people lived in the municipality of Halbstadt / Meziměstí including the districts of Niederhäuser, Schrollsche Fabrik, Langer Graben, Neu Semmering, Neusorge and Sechshäuser. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, Halbstadt, which was mainly populated by Germans, was added to the German Reich and until 1945 belonged to the Braunau district . In 1939 the municipality of Halbstadt had 1278 inhabitants. During the Second World War the Junghans armaments company produced in the Schrollfabrik; A labor camp was established in Neu Semmering, which lasted 1570 French prisoners of war and a satellite camp of the Groß Rosen concentration camp with 600 Jewish prisoners. After the end of the war, the barracks continued to be used as a resettlement camp for 1,200 Germans who were expelled in 1945 and 1946 .
In 1948 a theater was opened in the former reception hall of the train station , which burned down on November 27, 1966. In 1971 the rooms with modern equipment were put back into operation as a venue for theater performances and dance events, but without their own ensemble. Vižňov (with Lesní Domky and Pomeznice) was incorporated in 1961. In the 1960s, the appearance of the town began to change; The Nádražní čtvrť prefabricated housing estate was built south of the station . Later the residential development was extended to the right bank of the stones and the extensive settlement Jiráskova Čtvrť , consisting mainly of single-family houses , was established. In 1985 Březová (with Vernéřovice ), Jetřichov (with Alpská Víska, Bělidlo and Lesní Domky) and Ruprechtice (with Hynčice ) were incorporated. South of Jiráskova Čtvrť , the Alpská Víska housing estate was built at the end of the 20th century on the slope above the Vernéřovický potok valley . Vernéřovice broke away from Meziměstí in September 1990, and Hynčice became independent at the beginning of 1992. In 1991 the population was 3213. In 1992, the industrial community of Meziměstí was elevated to a town. In 1994 the city suffered severe damage when the stones flooded.
City arms
Meziměstí has had a coat of arms since 1997. The coat of arms designed by the heraldist Jiří Louda shows a mouflon and three red roses with golden seed heads. The roses are borrowed from the coat of arms of Braunau Abbey.
Attractions
- The most important building is the palace, built in 1650 on the site of the Meierhof, which received its baroque appearance in 1749 under Abbot Benno II Löbel according to plans by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer and was used as the summer residence of the Braunau abbots. After 1918 it served various purposes, including a Czech minority school in the castle. After the land reform of 1922, the castle became the property of an estate. It was defaced by reconstruction work in the 1970s and has lost much of its original shape. Between 1976 and 1994 it was the seat of the MNV Místní národní výbor (Local National Committee) and the MěÚ (City Administration). After the political change of 1989 it was restituted. The farm buildings are threatened with collapse, the original palace park has largely been devastated .
- The church of St. Jakob in the Ruprechtice ( Ruppertsdorf ) district was built between 1720 and 1723 according to plans by Christoph Dientzenhofer under the supervision of his son Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer and inaugurated in 1723.
- The St. Anna Church in the district Vižňov ( meadows ) was built in 1725–1727 according to plans by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer.
Community structure
The city of Meziměstí consists of the following districts:
- Březová ( Birkigt )
- Meziměstí ( Halbstadt ) with Alpská Víska ( Alps Dörfel ) Jiráskova Čtvrť and Nádražní čtvrť ( Halbstadt web houses )
- Pomeznice ( border villages )
- Ruprechtice ( Ruppersdorf ).
- Starostín ( Neusorge ) with Šestidomí ( six houses )
- Vižňov ( meadows ) with Lesní Domky ( bush houses ).
Basic settlement units are Alpská Víska, Březová, Meziměstí, Nádražní čtvrť, Pomeznice, Ruprechtice, Starostín and Vižňov.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Březová u Broumova, Meziměstí, Ruprechtice u Broumova and Vižňov.
sons and daughters of the town
- Reinhard Kamitz (1907–1993), Austrian politician
- Otto Sagner (1920–2011) founded the Munich publishing house Kubon und Sagner in 1947
Web links
- City website Czech
- German website
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/574252/Mezimesti
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Jaroslav Sula: Rokytnice v Orlických Horách a Mauschwitzové of Armenruh . Ústí nad Orlicí 2010, ISBN 978-80-7405-086-2
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, vol. 4 Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, p. 182
- ↑ Landtag protocol of December 2, 1872, the separation of Halbstadt and Neusorge from the community association with Wiesen
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Braunau district (Czech Broumov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.mezimesti.cz/znak-mesta/d-17020/p1=8293
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/574252/Obec-Mezimesti
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/574252/Obec-Mezimesti
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/574252/Obec-Mezimesti
- ↑ Place of birth