Stárkov
| Stárkov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | After that | ||||
| Area : | 1652 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 32 ' N , 16 ° 9' E | ||||
| Height: | 441 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 644 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 549 31-549 36 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Hronov - Jívka | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 5 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Rudolf Pernica (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | Stárkov 82 549 36 Stárkov |
||||
| Municipality number: | 574465 | ||||
| Website : | www.starkov.cz | ||||
Stárkov ( German Starkstadt ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 13 kilometers north of Náchod and belongs to the Okres Náchod .
geography
The city is located in northern Bohemia at the confluence of the Jívka ( Jibka ) and Dřevíč ( Erlitz ) rivers . Neighboring towns are Skalka and Vlásenka in the north, Česká Metuje in the northeast, Maršov nad Metují in the east, Horní Dřevíč in the southeast, Zada in the south, Bystré in the southwest, Jívka in the west and Vápenka in the northwest.
history
The place was created around 1250 in the course of the colonization activities of the Lords of Skalitz. Starkinstat was first mentioned in a document in 1321, when a Buchusius de Starkinstat is mentioned who resided in a fort on the site of the later castle. The local parish church already had its own pastor in 1384.
Around 1393, Matthäus Salava von Leipa acquired the property. He had the Skály Castle built, and Starkinstat became one of the villages belonging to the Skály (also: Skalka ) rule . In 1544 the Žehušický from Nestájov acquired the rule. The castle was built in 1546 under Bernhard Žehušický. His son Hertwig Žehušický raised Starkinstat to the city of September 1, 1573 and gave it a coat of arms. The city became the center of the Skály rule and possessed extensive rights, which included embarrassing jurisdiction until it was withdrawn by Emperor Joseph I in 1709 .
In 1582 the Čertorejský von Čertorej acquired the property. In the course of the division of the estate between the brothers Věněk Skoch and Bernart Hertvík Čertorejský von Čertorej, governor of the Königgrätzer district († February 14, 1654), the dominion Katzenstein ( Skály ) was divided in 1625; Bernart Hertvík received Starkstadt. On October 17, 1673, Johann Franz von Kaiserstein acquired the Starkstadt rule. The von Kaiserstein family owned the castle until 1924. The Kaisersteiners built a brewery. After patrimonial was replaced, Starkstadt became an independent town in 1848, to which the district of Wapenka belonged. The villages of Wüstrei and Chliwitz also became independent. From 1850 the place belonged to the judicial district Wekelsdorf or the later district Braunau .
Coal mining began in the middle of the 19th century. In Wüstrei, the Karlschacht was opened in 1840, which reached a tunnel length of 3.6 kilometers. 1858 began sinking of the colliery St. Clare. In 1880 a state weaving school was established in Starkstadt. Between 1880 and 1890 the mines were shut down due to water ingress and the coal mining relocated to the Hertin , Schwadowitz and Radowenz area . Starkstadt had 994 inhabitants in 1900, 978 of whom were Germans. At the end of the 19th century, Starkstadt had a technical school for weaving, a beer brewery, a cotton weaving mill and a sawmill. In 1910 the mechanical weaving mill was founded by Josef Wolf.
After the First World War , Starkstadt was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . Shortly afterwards, the first private confectionery technical school in Czechoslovakia was established in Starkstadt. In 1924 the manufacturer Pejskar from Police nad Metují bought the castle and the property belonging to it. In 1930, 892 people lived in the city, including 777 Germans. In 1934 the weaving school was closed.
Because of the Munich Agreement in 1938 took place the annexation to the German Reich , and in 1939 was one of Stark City to district Braunau , Region of Usti nad Labem , in the Reich District of Sudetenland .
After the end of the Second World War, the Germans were expelled and the castle, which became the seat of the local national committee, was expropriated. 1950 Stárkov and Horní Dřevíč were merged. In the 1950s Stárkov lost the town charter. In 1960 Bystré and Chlívce were incorporated. Due to the communist agricultural reforms, the dairy and brewery were closed. A retirement home was later housed in the castle. After the Velvet Revolution , the Pejskar family got part of their land and the castle back. Since January 24th 2007 Stárkov is a town again.
Demographics
Until 1945 Starkstadt was mostly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1830 | 823 | in 148 houses, including an Israelite family |
| 1834 | 842 | in 150 houses |
| 1900 | 1,208 | German residents |
| 1930 | 892 | |
| 1939 | 749 |
Local division
The town of Stárkov consists of the districts Bystré ( Wüstrei ), Chlívce ( Chliwitz ), Horní Dřevíč ( Ober Drewitsch ), Stárkov ( Starkstadt ) and Vápenka ( Wapenka ).
Attractions
- Stárkov Castle, built in 1546 and rebuilt in 1681–1691
- Parish church of St. Joseph, built 1656–1659 by Bohuslav Ungnad in place of the burned down St. Barbara church from 1321 and 1765, expanded to include the addition of a church tower
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk from 1752
- Way of the Cross, donated by Johann Georg Schroll in 1755 and restored in 2002
- Marian column on the market, erected in 1726
- town hall
- Rectory, timbered building from 1581, rebuilt in 1660 after a fire
- Market place with arbor houses from the 19th century
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 15: Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague and Vienna 1790, p. 123.
- ^ Diaries and diaries from Cardinal Ernst Adalbert von Harrach, p. 782 .
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 18, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 861 .
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p 194. .
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 4: Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, pp. 194–195, item 1) .
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Braunau district (Czech Broumov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).