Karl Gangloff

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Karl Gangloff with a wreath of oak leaves at the age of around 23.

Karl Gangloff (born May 17, 1790 in Leutkirch im Allgäu , † May 16, 1814 in Merklingen ) was a German draftsman. The young artist had no training, but instead created large-format outline drawings based on literary subjects (Homer, Schiller, the Bible, legends, mythology) as a dilettante before he died at the age of 24.

Life

Early years

Karl Wilhelm Gangloff was born on May 17, 1790 in Leutkirch im Allgäu as the second of three children of the registrar Friedrich Karl Gangloff and his wife Jakobine Wilhelmine Mayer. His two sisters died early, the 10-year-old son remained the only child of his parents. He grew up in Leutkirch, "unhindered by horror or pedantry", and attended the Protestant school there. In 1800 the family moved first to Augsburg, then to Weinsberg , where his father was transferred as a clerk. In 1810 the father was transferred to Merklingen as clerk of the camera office , today a district of Weil der Stadt , where the family lived in the office building.

Gangloff's art-loving uncle Friedrich Christoph Mayer (see family ) lived in Heilbronn and Kochendorf , both of which were a short distance from Weinsberg. A close friendship developed between Gangloff and the uncle's four sons. The eldest son Karl Mayer studied in Tübingen and only stayed at his parents' house to visit. The younger cousins ​​were the law student and poet August Mayer , who died in the Russian campaign in 1812, the painter Louis Mayer (1791–1843) and the merchant Fritz Mayer (1794–1884), who ran the Wasseralfingen ironworks and later the Friedrichshall salt works . Gangloff shared the lessons with a tutor and spent his free time with them drawing and painting, knight games and reading together, especially chivalric novels, which laid the foundation for Gangloff's drawing preference for fighting motifs.

Scribe and draftsman

The young man, who lacked any artistic training, did not value his amateur drawing occupation highly, so he let his father train him to be a scribe without contradiction. When the family moved to Merklingen, far away, in September 1810, Gangloff's happy youth came to an end. Alongside his job, he still made drawings.

In addition to his chivalric novels, he found his artistic themes in Homer's Iliad , the Nibelungenlied , the Bible, ancient mythology and in Schiller's Wilhelm Tell and Wallenstein . He was based on models such as John Flaxman's illustrations for the Homerepen and the drawings by the brothers Franz and Johannes Riepenhausen for Ludwig Tieck's life and death of St. Genoveva . In his work, he limited himself to outline drawings. His earliest known sheets date from 1809, mostly with scenes from the Iliad or with battle scenes.

Stuttgart art exhibition

Karl Gangloff, Achill weeps Patroclus
34.7 × 51.5 cm, 1809.

Despite his apparent devotion to his fate as a writer, he longed to devote himself entirely to art. Through Karl Mayer, he met Ludwig Uhland and Justinus Kerner , who both appreciated his work. They ordered a book illustration from him, but it did not materialize because Gangloff was unable to produce small-format drawings. With the support of his friends, he presented several drawings at the first Stuttgart art exhibition in May / June 1812, including Achill weeping Patroclus . Here he was also able to admire paintings by old and new masters for the first time. They encouraged him to add shading to his previous outline drawings. Johann Friedrich Cotta's morning paper for educated classes took benevolent notice of the young artist:

“Gangloff, von Merklingen, a dilettante left to his own devices and educating himself until now, aroused the admiration of all lovers and connoisseurs with his extremely bold and ingenious inventions. Far from any opportunity to educate himself through observation and instruction, he occupies himself with an inner urge to bring literal poetry into pictures and draws them in contours. You can see several of these works and especially one large, beautiful composition based on harmonious texts. "

Boisserée and Dannecker

In the late summer of 1812, Gangloff took a trip to Heidelberg with Karl Mayer and the Heilbronn silverware manufacturer Peter Bruckmann to see the famous old German collection of paintings of the brothers Sulpiz and Melchior Boisserée . He was deeply impressed by the paintings and showed the Boisserées own work. They recognized the young man's talent and offered to support him in his artistic training. Now the patronage spirit was also stirring in his fatherland, Württemberg. The Tübingen publisher Johann Friedrich Cotta sent him to the private art school of the sculptor Johann Heinrich Dannecker , where he had to deal with copying antique plaster casts from February 1813, as did his classmates Conrad Weitbrecht and Trajano Wallis, with whom he became friends.

Dannecker forbade him to draw from nature and to compose his own pictures. The “young fire head” couldn't stand it and stayed away from Dannecker's school. Negotiations with Dannecker resulted in no agreement and Cotta withdrew Gangloff's support. Nevertheless, he stayed in Stuttgart and spent “happy free days, also embellished by a loving heart” with his friends. He created his last two works, Abraham sees the promised land and the battle of Hermann . The "regret about the falling out with his patrons and serious worries about the future", but also constant self-doubt and gnawing self-criticism "increased his excitement to a nervous fever".

  • Sifrids Tod, 1812, published posthumously as a lithograph in 1821.

  • Study of the Hermannsschlacht, 1814.

End of life

Gangloff's mother picked up her suffering son in Stuttgart in 1814 and brought him back to Merklingen. The unmarried Karl Gangloff died there one day before his 24th birthday on May 16, 1814. In the famine year of 1816, his parents moved to Weil der Stadt , where their trail is lost.

Gangloff's death caused a sensation and pity, as did the death of his 20-year-old poet friend August Mayer in 1812, who had lost his life as a victim of the Napoleonic War in Russia. His surviving poet friends honored his memory with poems:

  • Justinus Kerner: Death Victims for Karl Gangloff (1814) and An Gangloffs Geist (1819).
  • Ludwig Uhland: On Karl Gangloff's death (3 sonnets, 1815).

In 1821 Gangloff's drawing Sifrids Tod (Kriemhild and Hagen on Siegfried's corpse) appeared in a large-format lithograph by Ernst Fries .

family

  • Paternal grandfather: Christof Jacob Gangloff († 1763), bailiff in Hochdorf , married to Sofie Luise Helene Bez (1718–1783).
  • Maternal grandfather: Jacob Friedrich Mayer (1722–1809), counselor and mountain relative of the Laucherthal ironworks in Sigmaringen (* 1758), and Elisabeth Bez were the parents of Gangloff's mother Jakobine Wilhelmine Mayer and Friedrich Christoph Mayer . The four sons of Friedrich Christoph Mayer, Gangloff's cousins, were:

Honors

In Gangloff's hometown of Leutkirch in the Allgäu, the Gangloffweg is named after him, surrounded by streets with the names of famous artists.

Museums

  • Braunschweig, Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum, 10 sheets.
  • Leutkirch im Allgäu, Museum im Bock.
  • Stuttgart, Staatsgalerie, Graphic Collection, about 70 partly double-sided sheets.

literature

Biographical articles

  • Friedrich von Boetticher: Painters works of the nineteenth century. Contribution to art history. Volume 1.1. Dresden: Boetticher, 1895, page 352.
  • Karl Mayer : Karl Wilhelm Gangloff . In: Morgenblatt for educated estates: Kunst-Blatt, 1822, numbers 23-25, pages 89-91, 93-95, 97-100, pdf .
  • Georg Kaspar Nagler : Gangloff, Karl Wilhelm. In: Neues Allgemeine Künstler-Lexicon, Volume 5. Munich: Fleischmann, 1837, pages 11-12, pdf .
  • Wolfgang Schütz: The short life of the draftsman Karl Gangloff. In: Reports and communications of the home association Weil der Stadt, 1984, number 1, pages 2–10, online (short version) .
  • Nicola Siegloch: On the 200th anniversary of the death of Carl Wilhelm Gangloff (1790–1814). Leutkirch 2014, [1] .
  • VAC: Gangloff, Carl Wilhelm . In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 13 : Gaab-Gibus . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1920, p. 160 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • August Wintterlin:  Gangloff, Carl Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, p. 360.
  • August Wintterlin : Württemberg artists in life pictures. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1895, pages 263-271.

life and work

  • Max Bach: Stuttgarter Kunst 1794-1860, based on simultaneous reports, letters and memories. Stuttgart: Adolf Bonz, 1900, page 155.
  • (ber): Sifrids death, invented and drawn by Gangloff, drawn on stone by Fries . In: Morgenblatt for educated classes: Kunst-Blatt, 1821, number 52, page 207, pdf .
  • Ulrike Gauss: The drawings and watercolors of the 19th century in the graphic collection of the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart. Inventory catalog until December 1975. Stuttgart: Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, 1976, pages 57–61, illustrations number 301–311.
  • Christian von Holst (editor): Swabian classicism between ideal and reality, essays. Stuttgart 1993, pages 219, 222.
  • Karl Mayer ; Ludwig Uhland : Ludwig Uhland, his friends and contemporaries. Volume 1, Stuttgart 1867, pages 265-266, pdf .
  • Heinrich Rapp : The first art exhibition in Stuttgart. In: Morgenblatt für educated stands, 1812, pp. 505–507, 521–523, 537–539, here: 522, pdf .
  • Margarete Rustige: On the life story of the painter Karl Gangloff. In: Württembergische Vierteljahrshefte für Landesgeschichte, Volume 37, 1931, pages 340–349. - Contains letters from Karl Gangloff to Louis Mayer and letters from Sulpiz Boisserée to Karl Mayer concerning Gangloff.
  • Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer: The Nibelungenlied in German art of the 19th and 20th centuries. Giessen: Anabas-Verlag Kaempf, 1980, pages 46-49.

Others

  • Nicole Bickhoff (editor): "Permits, Excellencies.": The Württemberg legation in Berlin. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2014, pages 82-83 (Carl Friedrich Wagner).
  • Ferdinand Friedrich Faber: The Wuerttemberg family foundations. Volume 1, Issue 1–6, Foundation I – XXIV. Stuttgart: Franz Koehler, 1852, page 221, pdf .
  • Justinus Kerner : dead victim for Karl Gangloff . Gangloff's ghost. In: Poems. Stuttgart and Tübingen 1826, pages 132-136, pdf .
  • Königlich Württembergisches Hof- und Staats-Handbuch for the years 1809 and 1810, page 273, pdf .
  • Ludwig Uhland : On Karl Gangloff's death . In: Poems by Ludwig Uhland . Stuttgart and Tübingen 1815.

Web links

Commons : Karl Gangloff  - Collection of Images
Wikisource: Karl Wilhelm Gangloff  - Secondary Literature

Footnotes

  1. ↑ # Siegloch 2014 , # Royal 1809 . - Amtspfleger: head of an office.
  2. ↑ # Schütz 1984 , page 3.
  3. ↑ # Schütz 1984 , pages 3-4.
  4. ↑ # Schütz 1984 , page 4.
  5. ↑ #Wintterlin 1895 , page 265.
  6. ↑ #Wintterlin 1895 , pp. 264, 266-267.
  7. ↑ #Rapp 1812 .
  8. ↑ #Wintterlin 1895 , page 268.
  9. ↑ #Wintterlin 1895 , page 269.
  10. ↑ # Schütz 1984 , page 10.
  11. ↑ #Kerner 1826 .
  12. ↑ #Uhland 1815 .
  13. ↑ #Faber 1852 .
  14. ^ Gangloff in the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum .
  15. ↑ # Schütz 1984 , pages 8-9.
  16. ↑ # Gauss 1876 .
personal data
SURNAME Gangloff, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gangloff, Karl Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German draftsman
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1790
PLACE OF BIRTH Leutkirch in the Allgäu
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1814
Place of death Merklingen