Viktor Boehmert

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Viktor Boehmert

Karl Viktor Böhmert (born August 23, 1829 in Quesitz ; † February 12, 1918 in Dresden ) was a German journalist, free trader, economist and statistician.

Life

Böhmert was the son of pastor Karl Friedrich Böhmert . He attended the Princely School of St. Afra in Meissen . In 1848 he left school with the intention of becoming a pastor. He then studied law and economics in Leipzig until 1852 . During his studies in the summer of 1849 he became a member of the Leipzig University Choir of St. Pauli (now the German Choir ). After a short journalistic activity, he turned entirely to economics , statistics and politics and went to Heidelberg in 1855 to edit and publish the Germania magazine , a central paper for the economic and social interests of Germany , co-founded by Rau and his sponsor Wilhelm Roscher .

In December 1856, until 1860, he became the editor-in-chief of the Bremer Handelsblatt , the most important free trade newspaper alongside the Ostseezeitung . In May 1857 he published a call for a "Congress of German Economists" in Bremer Handelsblatt , which led to the Congress of German Economists in Gotha in 1858 with his participation . After working for Bremer Handelsblatt , he managed the syndicate of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce . In 1866 he was appointed professor of economics at the University and the Polytechnic in Zurich. From 1873 he published the Arbeiterfreund with Rudolf von Gneist . From 1875 to 1895 he was director of the royal Saxon statistical office in Dresden.

From 1877 he edited the social correspondence and the public welfare . In 1903 he was appointed professor of economics and statistics at the Dresden Polytechnic. In this capacity he also published the magazine of the royal Saxon statistical office .

As an ardent advocate of freedom of trade and free trade, both through his writings and as a co-founder of the German Economic Congress, he stimulated and promoted the turnaround in the liberal economic legislation of the German states and later the German Reich that had occurred since 1860.

Böhmert advocated the unification of the German states to form a nation state and a society based on independence and freedom. He also considered freedom and independence to be the best answer to the material need and intellectual poverty of the lower classes; He supported the cooperative system of Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch , which is based on self-help of the cooperative members instead of looking for a state solution for every problem. He was particularly committed to the poor and destitute, e. B. in the association Volkswohl . His son, the district judge Karl Böhmert (1862–1898), was also involved in this area, a memorial stone on the edge of the Dresden Heath has been pointing to his services since 1999.

Viktor Böhmert's grave in the Johannisfriedhof in Dresden.

Viktor Böhmert was an opponent of any class ideology and class consciousness; for him there was no difference between workers and citizens; for him the workers were citizens. Böhmert rejected a state welfare system because he assumed that such a system would corrupt the lower strata, increase the dependence of the lower strata on the upper strata and thereby consolidate "classes". This is also summarized under the term class struggle from above .

He received an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Dresden "for his rich success in teaching and for his services as a social politician for his homeland and fatherland".

Works (selection)

  • Letters from two craftsmen , price publication, Dresden 1854 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Freedom of work. Contributions to the reform of trade legislation , Bremen 1858
  • Letters from two craftsmen , 2nd A., Dresden 1860 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Contributions to the history of the guild system , Leipzig 1862 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Documented history of the Bremen shoemaker's guild with side glances at the history of the Bremen guild system in general , Leipzig 1862 (Bremen State Archives No. 242 Ad)
  • Lecture on the relationship between worker and employer: given in the non-profit association of the Zurich district on December 1, 1867 , Zurich 1868 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-35122
  • Investigation and report on the situation of factory workers: submitted to the non-profit society of the canton of Zurich on the basis of the negotiations of a commission established by the Zurich cantonal non-profit society / Viktor Böhmert, Zurich: Schabelitz 1868 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-35121
  • Poor care and poor legislation: Lecture and report on the principles of poor relief and poor legislation submitted at the 11th Economic Congress in Mainz , Berlin 1869 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The invention patents according to economic principles and industrial experience with special consideration for England and Switzerland , Berlin 1869 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-34921
  • [The poor system in Switzerland], s. l. 1869 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Lotteries and bonus bonds based on economic principles and experience , Berlin 1869 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The spread of economics in school and life , Zurich 1870 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-34893
  • [with Theodor Zuppinger] Inventive property and its protection , Stäfa 1871 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-35648
  • The question of gold coinage in the German coin reform , Bremen 1871 ( ZBZOnline )
  • On the German coin reform: open letter to the Reichstag by Germans in Switzerland , Zurich 1871 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-34895 .
  • Report on a Swiss conference on the workers' question , cf. l. 1871 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-35710 .
  • The free elementary school tuition with special consideration of the Swiss school fees institutions , Bremen 1871 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Socialism and the Workers' Question , Zurich 1872 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-37243 .
  • The study of women with special consideration for the study of medicine , Leipzig: Wigand 1872 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Swiss labor relations in the last ten years: Report, submitted to the Swiss Charitable Society by Prof. Dr. Böhmert, Zurich 1872 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-37795 .
  • Plan for statistical research into the social question and general economic research: [with 5 forms] , Zurich 1872 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-35711 .
  • The study of economics at the technical universities , Zurich 1872 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-36929 .
  • Labor relations and factory facilities in Switzerland , 2 volumes, Zurich: Caesar Schmidt 1873 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-37638 .
  • Tariff movement and cessation of work of the printing clerks in Zurich , Zurich 1873 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-37121 .
  • The influence of the Vienna World Exhibition on the work of the people: Lecture given in the jury pavilion of the World Exhibition on October 11, 1873 , Vienna 1873 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The Church's Profession in Social Issues , Leipzig 1874 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The women's studies after the experiences at the Zurich University , Zurich 1874.
  • On the methods of social statistical studies, with special consideration for the statistics of wages and prices , Bern 1874 doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-36928 .
  • The just distribution of goods. In: Der Arbeiterfreund , 13th year, 1875.
  • Inquiry on employee profit sharing and other new wage payment methods with special consideration of the Swiss experiments , Zurich 1875. doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-37120 .
  • Study on the Reich Railway Question , Leipzig 1876.
  • Profit sharing. Studies on wages and entrepreneurial profits , Leipzig 1878, 2 parts ( ZBZOnline )
  • The position of the English trade unions on the question of wages and the share system , Der Arbeiterfreund, 16th year, 1878.
  • On the reform of poor relief , Dresden 1879
  • Documented history and statistics of the Meissner porcelain manufacture from 1710 to 1880 , Dresden 1880 ( ZBZOnline )
  • Progress in the savings bank system , Berlin 1882 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The practical attempts to solve social problems: Lecture given on December 4, 1882 in the Aula of the Kgl. Polytechnic in Dresden , Berlin 1883 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The results of the Saxon occupation census from June 5, 1882 , Dresden 1886 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The promotion of the workers' welfare through a reform of popular society , Berlin 1889 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The social question and the right to vote , in the Prussian yearbooks, Volume 85, 1896.
  • Commercial colleges , Dresden 1897.
  • Retrospectives and outlooks of a seventies , Dresden 1900 ( ZBZOnline )
  • The profit sharing of employees in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. , Dresden 1902 ( ZBZOnline )

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Complete directory of the Paulines from summer 1822 to summer 1938, Leipzig 1938, page 22
  2. ↑ Dresdner Heide - Karl Victor Böhmert (accessed on January 24, 2020)
  3. ^ Directory of honorary doctoral candidates at the TH / TU Dresden

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Boehmert, Viktor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boehmert, Carl Victor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German journalist, free trader, economist and statistician
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1829
PLACE OF BIRTH Quesitz
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1918
Place of death Dresden