Karl von Fleischhauer

Karl Fleischhauer , von Fleischhauer since 1891 , (born September 15, 1852 in Stuttgart ; † July 17, 1921 ibid) was a lawyer, civil servant and minister of culture and the interior of the Kingdom of Württemberg .

origin

Karl von Fleischhauer was born as the son of the Württemberg state official Heinrich von Fleischhauer (* 1809, † 1884), who was the lecturing councilor and later Ministerial Director in the Ministry of the Interior. Fleischhauer's mother Karoline Friederike (* 1817; † 1884) was the daughter of the senior consistory councilor Karl Christian Gaupp.

Fleischhauer's ancestors were book printers. Justus Valentinus Fleischhauer († 1687) from Hesse settled in Schmalkalden in 1665 , which at the time was part of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel . There he opened a printing house. His grandson Johann Justus Fleischhauer (* 1675; † 1709) moved to the imperial city of Reutlingen in 1699 to also run a book printing company there. He acquired Reutlingen citizenship and founded the Reutlingen branches of the family. His grandson Johann Georg Fleischhauer (* 1737, † 1815) was the last mayor of the imperial city and great-grandfather of the later Württemberg cult and interior minister Karl von Fleischhauer.

Career

Karl Fleischhauer attended the Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium in Stuttgart and after graduating from high school studied law and political science at the universities of Tübingen , Leipzig and Heidelberg . In 1870 he became a member of the Normannia Tübingen fraternity . From 1872 to 1873 he did a year of military service as an officer candidate . After passing the higher legal state examination in 1877, Fleischhauer joined the Württemberg administration. In 1877 he was first bailiff in Weinsberg , from 1878 to 1882 he was a government assessor at the district government in Ludwigsburg, and since 1881 with the rank of councilor. In 1882 he began working in the Ministry of the Interior as a ministerial assessor. In 1890 he was promoted to the Upper Government Council, in 1895 to the Ministerial Director and on November 9, 1900 to the Real Council of State and member of the Secret Council . During his time as a lecturing councilor and ministerial director, Fleischhauer dealt with questions of state and municipal citizenship. He drafted a number of bills himself, for example the law of July 2, 1889, with which the four regional poor associations were brought into being, the administrative amendment of May 21, 1891 to reorganize the municipal administration and the laws on the pension rights of corporate officials . Fleischhauer also contributed to the implementation law for the German Civil Code . The drafts of Justice Minister Wilhelm August von Breitling for the new state constitution of 1806 and the electoral law were also drawn up by Fleischhauer.

During this time, Fleischhauer also held a few secondary jobs. For six years he headed the state stud commission. He was also a member of the central management of the charity in Württemberg from 1890 to 1906.

politics

On June 27, 1906, Fleischhauer became a member of the Breitling government as Minister of State for Churches and Schools . He also remained a member of the Weizsäcker government newly formed by King Wilhelm II on December 4, 1906 . Fleischhauer now brought about some reforms. This included, for example, the inclusion of elementary school teachers and clergy in the general salary system. He saw the resumption of the primary school reform as his main task, which had failed in 1904 under his predecessor Karl von Weizsäcker due to the resistance of the center and the Catholic class lords. The progressive forces in the state parliament as well as the teaching staff had called for the formation of state-controlled simultaneous schools , which were to replace the denominational elementary schools under the supervision of the churches . Fleischhauer now regulated the school supervision both at the district and at the local level largely by the state and left only religious instruction under church control. The local chaplain was replaced by a rector as head of the larger elementary schools. The rectors were placed under full-time district school overseers and the high school authorities were separated from the upper church authorities. Teacher training was also reorganized and extended to six years. To this end, new curricula and teacher seminars were set up in Heilbronn and Rottweil. The civil service law basis for the teachers was now regulated by the law of July 10, 1812. Another law concerned the regulation of industrial and commercial schools, which Fleischhauer brought through the state parliament. The state university in Tübingen received a new constitution and new buildings for the gynecological clinic and the university library. For the technical university in Stuttgart, Fleischhauer managed to reorganize the diploma examination on the basis of the Oberhof resolutions . He approved a new professorship for aircraft technology and initiated the building of the new physics institute.

On December 21, 1912, King Wilhelm II entrusted the Honored Minister of Culture with the management of the Ministry of the Interior. The reshuffle of the cabinet took place in connection with the announcement of the results of the state election. Before the outbreak of the First World War , Fleischhauer was able to bring three bills by his predecessor Johann von Pischek through the state parliament. These were the Film Act, an amendment to the Corporate Pension Act and the Accident Welfare Act for corporate officials. On the other hand, draft laws for fire insurance and a new route order fell victim to the war. The planned reorganization of the administration, including the abolition of the four district governments, was only taken up again by the Hieber government in the People's State of Württemberg after the war .

The beginning of the war made completely new demands on the state government. The necessary construction work for the state water supply has been completed. A war loan bank founded in the summer of 1914 catered for the needs of medium-sized and small traders. At the suggestion and under the direction of the Minister of the Interior, aid was set up for the families of the soldiers as well as for disabled war returnees. Fleischhauer took over the chairmanship of the Württemberg Committee of the National Foundation for the Support of Widows and Orphans of the Fallen. The food situation of the population was an increasingly difficult undertaking. Because of the excess of his responsible activities, health problems arose as the war continued, which prompted Fleischhauer to apply for retirement in February 1918. However, King Wilhelm wanted Fleischhauer to continue to be in the government and was finally able to win him over to take over the leadership of the Ministry of Culture on March 20. On 9 November 1918 in the midst of the November Revolution , he resigned from all his government positions back.

He used his retirement for charitable activities. He was chairman of the Kaiser Wilhelm Foundation for German invalids , the Württemberg state housing association and from 1919 to 1920 the board of directors of the Karl Olga Foundation . Without much public visibility, he supported the emerging conservative civil party .

Private life

Karl von Fleischhauer was a Protestant and married Emilie Mathilde Charlotte Abel (* 1864), the daughter of Ludwigsburg's Lord Mayor Heinrich von Abel . The marriage entered into on May 3, 1884 in Ludwigsburg resulted in three children.

Honors

• 1891 Knight of Honor Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown , which was associated with the personal title of nobility
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown
• Grand Cross of the Order of Frederick
• Grand Cross of the Royal Bavarian Order of the Crown
• Grand Cross of the Russian Order of St. Anne
• Dr. hc from the law faculty of the University of Tübingen
• 1900 Wuerttemberg Olga Order

Publications

• Administrative edict for the municipalities, higher offices and foundations of March 1, 1822 together with the same amending and supplementary laws. Kohlhammer-Verlag, Stuttgart 1891
• Handbook of the Württemberg legislation and administration of the municipalities, official bodies and foundations. Kohlhammer-Verlag, Stuttgart 1893

literature

• German gender book. Genealogical handbook of civil families. Volume 34 (1921), pp. 296-322.
• Württembergischer Nekrolog 1920/1921 (1928), pp. 204-212.
• Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 2: F-H. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0809-X , pp. 40-41.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Court and State Manual of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1894, p. 36