Klausdorf (Am Mellensee)
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Klausdorf
Am Mellensee municipality
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 23 " N , 13 ° 24 ′ 29" E
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| Height : | 41 m | |
| Area : | 10.15 km² | |
| Residents : | 1385 (Dec. 31, 2006) | |
| Population density : | 136 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | February 1, 2002 | |
| Postal code : | 15838 | |
| Area code : | 033703 | |
Location of Klausdorf in Brandenburg |
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Klausdorf is a district of the non-governmental municipality Am Mellensee in the Teltow-Fläming district ( Brandenburg ). Until the merger with other neighboring communities to form the (large) community Am Mellensee in 2002, Klausdorf was an independent community within the Am Mellensee office at the time.
location
Klausdorf is located in the central part (and on the eastern edge) of the municipality of Am Mellensee. In the south and southwest the district of Sperenberg follows , in the west the district of Rehagen and in the north the district of Mellensee, all three former villages are districts of the municipality Am Mellensee. In the east, Klausdorf borders the district of Wünsdorf , a district of the city of Zossen . The south-western part of the Mellensee belongs to the district of Klausdorf . In earlier centuries the Mellensee was also called Klausdorfer See. The district covers 1015 hectares.
history
First mention, affiliation, name origin
Klausdorf was first mentioned in a document as Claustorff in 1541 . At that time it belonged to the Zossen office, which had emerged from the previous rule of Zossen . The place name is derived from the personal name Nikolaus. According to the local structure, it is a dead end village.
Population development
Population development from 1545 to 2006 (until 1971 from Hist. Ortlexikon)
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1583 | approx. 70–80 (11 farmers, 6 farmers ) |
| 1734 | 137 |
| 1772 | 151 |
| 1801 | 164 |
| 1817 | 152 |
| 1840 | 226 |
| 1858 | 409 |
| 1895 | 982 |
| 1925 | 1156 |
| 1939 | 1533 |
| 1946 | 1540 |
| 1964 | 1586 |
| 1971 | 1584 |
| 2006 | 1385 |
The inheritance register of the office of Zossen from 1583 showed for Clawestorff 12 hooves of 32 acres each and 26 square rods (corresponds to about 13.7 ha), which were cultivated by eleven farmers.
The population increased continuously to over 1580 people until about 1970. After that there was a decrease in the number of inhabitants.
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Activities of residents
In 1583, the Lehnschulze managed two hooves, ten farmers one hoof each. There were also six farmers and one shepherd in the village. There was (already) a brick factory in the district. During the Thirty Years' War the town lost over half of its population: in 1624 there were eleven Hufner, six Kossäts and a shepherd, after the war it was the Schulze in 1652, five farmers with one son and two Kossäts with two sons. The Bauernhufen and the Kossatenstellen were already occupied again in 1655, and the brick barn was rebuilt. In 1711 there were four cottagers, the shepherd, the servant and two pairs of housekeepers. They paid eight groschen for 12 hooves each.
The village had fishing rights on the Mellensee. A jug is first documented for 1745 . In 1747, nine families from the Palatinate who had come to Brandenburg as religious refugees settled in Klausdorf . A second brick factory was mentioned in 1755. 1771 there were 17 gables (= residential houses) in Klausdorf. In 1787 there was a legal dispute between the Klausdorfer and the elector after he had leased the fishing rights on the Mellensee to arrendators . The dispute only ended in 1791 with a settlement according to which the Klausdorfers were allowed to catch small fish from the Mellensee for their own use. In 1801 there were the Lehnschulzen, eleven Ganzbauern, six Ganzkossäts, ten Büdner and six residents. By 1840 the building stock had grown to 35 houses. In 1845 the mill master Johann Ferdinand Lorenz built a post mill with two grinding aisles. In 1858 there were 15 farm owners who employed 18 servants and maids and four day laborers. There were 39 part-time farmers with a maid and 103 workers. There were 54 properties in Klausdorf. The largest property was 540 acres. Fourteen other properties were between 30 and 300 acres and totaled 2435 acres, 22 properties were between 5 and 30 acres (together 278 acres) and 17 others that totaled 38 acres. In the meantime, numerous businesses had settled in the village. There was a master shoemaker, a tailor, five journeyman carpenter, a master wheelwright, a master cooper, a journeyman bricklayer, a master blacksmith, a shopkeeper and two ship owners with four assistants and two electric vehicles. The statistics still recorded one pitcher and 14 arms.
Brick production becomes the main line of business
Between 1856 and 1864, the Notte between the Mellensee and its confluence with Königs Wusterhausen in the Dahme was expanded so that it became navigable for larger barges. This now allowed the bricks to be transported by water to Berlin. From 1868 onwards, brick production was greatly expanded through the construction of brick factories (see under Economy). In 1874/5 the Royal Prussian Military Railway was built from the military station (Schöneberg) to the artillery firing range at Kummersdorf-Gut . The Rehagen-Klausdorf station was built as a stop in the Klausdorf district. The Klausdorf brickworks received their own siding.
Education and recreation
In 1883 a new school building with two classrooms and two teacher's apartments was built. As early as 1896 a second school building was built with two more classrooms and another teacher's apartment. Around 1900 there were 98 houses in Klausdorf, in 1935 there were 135 houses.
In the 1930s, local recreational tourism developed and weekend houses and villas were built along the Mellensee . On August 6, 1944 and March 15, 1945, Klausdorf was bombed by Allied air force units . On April 21st and 22nd, Red Army troops moved into Klausdorf after German troops had tried to defend the place. Several buildings were destroyed and / or went up in flames during the fighting, including the schoolhouse. After the end of the Second World War, the rubble was cleared and school operations were resumed.
From 1959 Klausdorf was expanded into a holiday resort. The former holiday home of the Schwarzkopff company , which the Berlin company had built for its employees, was taken over by the Klausdorf community. In 1960 a youth hostel was set up in a villa on the west bank of the Mellensee . Just one year later, a campsite was opened next to the youth hostel. In 1963 Klausdorf already counted 12,500 holiday guests. In 1965 the Potsdam District Council awarded Klausdorf the title of “State Recognized Resort”.
In 1982 the Hoffmann ring furnace was added to the list of technical monuments. The central parts of the clay pits were designated as area natural monuments in 1988 . The village streets with brick paving were added to the list of monuments in 1996. In 2007, the Sperenberg Gypsum Quarries and Klausdorfer Clay Pits in the Teltow-Fläming district were opened.
economy
Brick making
As early as 1570, the then Elector of Brandenburg, Joachim II, had a brick barn set up in the Klausdorf district . The delivery of 100,000 bricks and 50,000 (roof) bricks to Zossen is documented for 1635 . After the Notte Canal was expanded in 1858, a steam-powered grain and sawmill, a lime kiln and two brick factories were reopened in 1860. From 1868 the first larger brick factories were built, including the Gottfried Hansche brick factory . Around 1870, the Berlin stone merchant Maaß acquired a site on Bahnhofstrasse and began manufacturing bricks. In 1895 this business went to Richard Faßkessel. In 1880, Franz Arndt opened another brick factory. In 1913 there were a total of 13 brickworks in Klausdorf, which produced a total of 56 million bricks per year. The bricks were mainly transported to Berlin by barge on the Notte Canal. The Faßkessel'sche brickworks came under trusteeship in 1946 and in 1948 became a state- owned company (VEB). In 1953, the Klausdorf brick cooperative handed over its operation to public ownership, which was then connected to the VEB. In 1955 the VEB Glienick was connected. In 1956 the VEB (K) brick combination in Klausdorf had 141 employees. This company was later integrated into VEB (K) Beton- und Spezialbau Zossen. While around 1.6 million stones were still being produced in 1946, in 1961 there were already 19.1 million stones. In 1990 the company was privatized. Today, Märkische Ziegel GmbH produces bricks in a wide variety of formats and supplies clays for landfill sealing and filling floors. Unpolluted and polluted excavated soil is also stored in the former quarries.
Gravel extraction
In the 1920s, gravel was mined on the Klausdorf district. This dismantling was resumed after the Second World War .
Trades
In 1958, the PGH of the electrical trade was initially founded in Sperenberg. They later moved to the site of the former Arndt brickworks in Klausdorf and built a new workshop building there. It was then called PGH Haustechnik and in 1965 had 59 employees. In 1993 it was converted into Haustechnik Klausdorf GmbH.
Agriculture
The land reform and the later cooperative orientation of agriculture led to the establishment of the LPG Vorwärts in Klausdorf in 1957, which all farmers in the village had to join until 1961. In 1965 the LPG had an operating area of 680 ha with 45 members and cultivated approx. 300 ha of agricultural land.
Other economic institutions
On July 30, 1991 the non-profit employment promotion company Klausdorf (GAG mbH Klausdorf) was founded. Among other things, she carried out the conversion of the Wünsdorf military facilities with the help of job creation measures .
Soil Geo Path
2007 was ground-Geo Path Sperenberger gypsum quarries and Klausdorfer clay pits opened in the district of Teltow-Fläming. This historical path is provided with information boards and path markings and leads to former brickworks, the clay pits , which have now been filled with groundwater , and a relic of a ring kiln. It leads from the Klausdorfer Dorfaue as a circuit to the monuments. It is connected to the Sperenberg Gypsum Quarries soil geoppath by a branch path.
leisure
After Klausdorf had already developed into a local recreation center and bungalow and villa location during the times of the GDR , the tourist offer in the community is now being expanded. The outdoor pools in Klausdorf, Sperenberg and Mellensee are particularly attractive for visitors. The 63 meter long water slide in the outdoor pool in Klausdorf is a special attraction for children and young people. The gastronomy has a remarkable level with regional specialties. In summer it is possible to rent boats and yachts. The highlight is a light trip with illuminated boats on the Mellensee.
In the Klausdorf School Museum there are testimonies to the Klausdorf school history as well as an exhibition on the Klausdorf history and the history of the brickworks. The Rehagen-Klausdorf station was closed in 1998. In 2003 the Zossen-Jüterbog line was taken over by Erlebnisbahn GmbH & Co. KG , which has been offering trolley rides on the otherwise disused route since then .
The “Klausdorfer Naturgarten” has been located on the hiking trail to Sperenberg since 2018, where guests can find information on medicinal herbs , permaculture and beekeeping .
Monuments and sights
Architectural monuments
The list of monuments of the Teltow-Fläming district (as of December 31, 2011) lists ten architectural monuments:
Soil monuments
The list of monuments of the Teltow-Fläming district (as of December 31, 2011) lists seven soil monuments in the Klausdorf district:
- Corridor 1/2: the village center from modern times and the Middle Ages, a settlement from prehistory and early history
- Corridor 3: a Bronze Age burial ground
- Hallway 4: a stone age settlement
- Corridor 3: a settlement of prehistory
- Corridor 3/4: another prehistory settlement
- Corridor 3: another prehistory settlement
- Corridor 3: a resting and working place from the Stone Age
Natural monuments
The Teltow-Fläming district has protected a tree and the Brutluch as natural monuments in the Klausdorf area.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Main statutes of the municipality Am Mellensee of October 21, 2009 PDF ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schlimpert (1972: p. 77/8)
- ↑ a b Enders & Beck (1976: p. 70/1)
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government in Potsdam and the City of Berlin, year 1845, p. 308
- ^ Gerhard Kaiser and Christian Thiel: From the restricted area to the forest town - The history of the secret command centers in Wünsdorf and the surrounding area. 223 S., Berlin, Links, 2007 ISBN 978-3-86153-434-1 and ISBN 3-86153-434-7
- ^ Märkische Ziegel GmbH
- ↑ Soil geoppath - The Klausdorfer clay pits ( Memento of the original from April 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Key conception of the medium and long-term development of the community on the Mellensee (PDF; 177 kB)
- ↑ Lights tour on the Mellensee ( Memento of the original from November 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schulmuseum Klausdorf on the website of the community Am Mellensee
- ^ Rehagen-Klausdorf train station
- ↑ Klausdorf Natural Garden. Retrieved July 9, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum: List of monuments of the State of Brandenburg: Teltow-Fläming district (as of December 31, 2011) PDF ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ List of natural monuments - trees, groups of trees and avenues PDF ( Memento of the original dated December 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ List of natural monuments - hollow forms, springs, salt outflows, moors, moor lakes, wet meadows and natural streams PDF ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- W. Eichwede: Our brick combine. From the history and development of the Klausdorf brick combine. Local calendar of the district of Zossen, 2963: 109–112, Zossen 1963.
- W. Eichwede: Klausdorf - once a farming village, today a "state-approved resort". Local calendar of the district of Zossen, 1966: 66–74, Zossen 1966.
- Lieselott Enders and Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IV. Teltow. 395 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar, 1976
- Gerhard Schlimpert : Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. 368 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972.
- Wilhelm Spatz: The Teltow. Part T. 3., History of the localities in the Teltow district. 384 pp., Berlin, Rohde, 1912.