Paradies Abbey (Neumark)
| Monastery paradise | |
|---|---|
 Monastery paradise |
|
| location |
 Poland
|
| Coordinates: | 52 ° 20 '13 " N , 15 ° 32' 40" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
625 |
| founding year | 1236 |
| Mother monastery | Lehnin Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
Przemęt Monastery (1278) |
The former Cistercian - Kloster Paradies (Pol. Klasztor Paradyż ) from the year 1230 is the Polish Lubusz .
Geographical location
The monastery complex is located in the village of Gościkowo in the municipality of Świebodzin (Eng. Schwiebus ) in the Lubusz region , around 75 kilometers east of Frankfurt (Oder) or ten kilometers north of Świebodzin on European route 65 .
history
The monastery was founded on January 29, 1230 by Count Dionysius Bronisius , (in literature he is often called Nicolaus, but this was his nephew), and located in a marsh area at the confluence of Obra and Paklica ( Packlitz ) near the village of Gościkowo ( Gostichowo ) near Międzyrzecz ( Meseritz ). The settlement was probably not made until 1236 by monks from the Lehnin monastery , which is around 25 kilometers southwest of Potsdam .
According to Stephan Warnatsch, the intention of the founder was to draw German economic systems into the country, because as early as 1236, Duke Wladislaus exempted the Cisterce from all taxes and duties as well as from Polish law. The mother monastery Lehnin had become a "model enterprise" in the Mark Brandenburg , because the Cistercians were always up to date with the latest agricultural and economic technology, be it in reclamation of the swamps, the establishment of mills, the cultivation of wine or agriculture and Livestock. It is therefore very likely that the Polish count wanted to benefit from the economic performance of the order.
The monastery Paradise was the first daughter of foundation ( filiation ) of Lehnin that even 56 years in 1180 from the second Brandenburg previously Margrave Otto I had been donated. His father, Albrecht the Bear , founded the Mark Brandenburg in 1157. The daughter of Paradise was the Przemęt Monastery in 1278 .
The founding of the monastery in Lehnin was part of the policy of the Ascanian margraves to stabilize the young and still insecure Margraviate of Brandenburg with its Slavic population and gradually expand it to the east. Since the Cistercians maintained an excellent relationship with the Ascanian ruling house, the establishment of the Paradies monastery was certainly mutually agreed and agreed or would not have been possible against the will of the margraves. This raises the question of the political function of this foundation so far to the east, because the second and third filiation of the Lehnin Cistercians ( Chorin Monastery , 1258 and Himmelpfort Monastery , 1299) were in the Mark.
The fact that the first Lehnin filiation took place east of the Oder and on "foreign" soil is probably due to the fact that the Ascanians were initially forced to expand the Mark almost exclusively to the east, as they north of the strong Pomeranian supported by the Danes Sovereigns met. And also in the Uckermark, and for a long time in the Teltow , the Ascanian endeavors met with “inner-German” resistance from competing princes. At the time of the founding of Paradise, the sons of Otto I, who ruled together, the Margraves Johann I and Otto III. just the last parts of the Barnim up to the Oder and the southern Uckermark (1230/1234) attached to the Mark Brandenburg, 1235 followed the Land Stargard and 1250 the northern Uckermark. On the further way to the Baltic Sea , Mecklenburg and Pomerania had to be bypassed.
From the perspective of the Ascanians, the following political and strategic goals were probably connected with the founding of Paradies: Connection with the Polish count to secure the border against Pomerania and preparation of the Neumark , i.e. the expansion beyond the Oder to the east (centuries later there was the Prussian District Meseritz ).
According to Warnatsch, the foundation's endowment was generous on the part of the Polish count, the monastery received the village of Gostichowo and nine other places in the area south of Meseritz ... with all use of fields, bodies of water, meadows and forests, apiaries, pastures, beaver and fish catches ... according to economic Fifty years after it was founded, the monastery seems to have limited itself to the management of the acquired goods. In 1507, Paradies and the Lehnin mother monastery tried to set up a Cistercian college at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) . The current appearance of the monastery complex goes back to jewelry equipment in the Silesian Baroque style in the first half of the 18th century.
present
Today the monastery is the seat of the seminary of the Polish Roman Catholic Diocese of Zielona Góra – Gorzów. The seminar acts as an external section of the theological faculty of the University of Szczecin .
people
- Jakob von Paradies (1381–1465), theologian, monk and author
- Augustin Dobrowolski (d. 1665), theologian, prior and author
literature
- Franz Winter : The Cistercians of north-eastern Germany. A contribution to the church and cultural history of the German Middle Ages . Volume 2: From the appearance of the mendicant orders to the end of the 13th century . Gotha 1871, pp. 362-366.
- Stephan Warnatsch: History of the Lehnin Monastery 1180–1542. Lukas, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-931836-45-2 , page 152 (studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians, volume 12.1; also: Berlin, Freie Universität, dissertation 1999).
- Wolfgang F. Reddig: Monastery paradise. In: Ulrich Knefelkamp, Wolfgang F. Reddig (Ed.): Monasteries and landscapes. Cistercians west and east of the Oder. 2nd Edition. Skripvaz, Frankfurt (Oder) 1999, ISBN 3-931278-19-0 (volume accompanying the exhibition of the European University Viadrina).
- Ryszard Tomczak, Dariusz Śmierzchalski-Wachorz: Gościkowo-Paradyż. Pocysterski zespół klasztorny. Wydawnictwo ZET, Wrocław 2001, ISBN 83-7364-027-4 .
Web links
- Paradyż Seminary (Polish)