Hagneck power station

Hagneck power station
Left power plant Hagneck 2, right Hagneck 1
location
Coordinates	580200  /  212 155 coordinates: 47 ° 3 '36 "  N , 7 ° 10' 41"  O ; CH1903:  580200  /  two hundred and twelve thousand one hundred and fifty-five
country	Switzerland
place	Hagneck
Waters	Aare ( Hagneck Canal )
Height upstream	438  m above sea level M.
power plant
owner	Bielersee Kraftwerke AG
construction time	1897-1899
Start of operation	Hagneck 1: 1900 Hagneck 2: 2015
Listed since	1995 ( ISOS No. 723, only Hagneck 1)
technology
Bottleneck performance	Hagneck 1: 2.91 megawatts Hagneck 2: 20.96 megawatts
Average height of fall	6.75-9.15 m
Expansion flow	Hagneck 1: 40 m³ / s Hagneck 2: 280 m³ / s
Standard work capacity	85.94 million kWh / year
Turbines	Hagneck 1: 3 × propeller turbines 2 × Kaplan turbines (only one turbine still in operation) Hagneck 2: 2 × bulb turbines
Others
Website	Bielersee Kraftwerke AG

The Hagneck power plant is a run-of-river power plant commissioned in 1900 at the mouth of the Hagneck Canal in Lake Biel . The old historic facility was supplemented by a modern headquarters in 2015. The Hagneck power plant was the first power plant of the later BKW Energie , at the time it went into operation the company was still called Elektrizitätswerk Hagneck AG .

history

Hagneck 1

Hagneck power plant in 1954

The Hagneck Canal was created as part of the first Jura water correction . From 1878, the water flowed through the canal unused into Lake Biel. Colonel Eduard Will , who later became the first director of BKW, was able to persuade the surrounding communities to build a power station. Since there was no industry in the immediate vicinity of the site that could use the energy, a solution had to be chosen that allowed the energy to be transmitted over a greater distance. The use of electricity for such purposes was still in its infancy, which is why the first plan was to use the power plant's turbines to mechanically drive compressors that would supply a compressed air network. Such a system was set up in Paris from 1888. It was not until shortly before the start of construction of the power plant that the decision was made to generate electricity, even if it was not clear at the beginning who would buy the electricity generated. In addition to the Hagneck power plant, Elektrizitätswerk Hagneck AG also built the Spiez power plant, which was primarily intended to generate electricity for the electrical operation of the Burgdorf-Thun railway . The two power plants were connected with a 45 kV high-voltage line in 1903, an early step towards what would later become an integrated network . The power plant company became the United Kander- und Hagneck-Werke, AG , from which BKW emerged in 1909.

The concession to build the Hagneck power station was granted on May 30, 1891 by the Bern government to the municipalities of Biel , Erlach , Hagneck , La Neuveville , Nidau and Täuffelen . Since the communities themselves did not have enough funds to finance the project, they founded on 19 December 1898 along with several individuals and the Motor AG of Baden , the power plant Hagneck AG . Motor AG also took over the construction of the system. Construction work began in 1897 and operations began in October 1900. The construction costs amounted to CHF 3.6 million .

In 1913/14 the roller shutter weirs were replaced by riflemen . The machine sets were replaced from 1931 to 1934, and there was another renewal in 1957.

Hagneck 2

Weir with Hagneck 2, Hagneck 1 in the background

Towards the end of the 20th century, the existing systems were out of date, and the flood discharge was too low. In 1994 the first studies for a new power plant were started. However, the license application for the new building was rejected in 2004 because monument protection and nature conservation had not been adequately taken into account. In particular, the old weir should have been preserved, although after the floods of 2005 and 2007 it was recognized that the discharge through the existing weir and its stability were insufficient. For this reason, the weir was released from monument protection, which made its renewal possible. A second license application, which included the demolition of the old weir, was submitted and approved.

Construction work began in 2011. After a four-year construction period, the new power plant, known as Hagneck 2 , was opened, which is integrated into the newly built weir. The plant increased production by 35%. A machine set of the existing Hagneck 1 power plant will continue to operate so that residual water can get into the underwater channel of the old headquarters. The underwater canal itself has been partially renatured so that an alluvial forest is to be created in its place .

technology

Hagneck 1

Section through Hagneck 1, ca.1899

The first machine sets set up in Hagneck were vertical Francis floor turbines with screen generators. Four turbine wheels sat on a shaft, two and two of which were always mounted opposite each other so that the axial thrust of the turbines could cancel each other out. There were five main engine sets, four had an output of 1350 hp and one had a 1600 hp.

Location map of the power plants between Bern and Lake Biel. The power plant is located on Lake Biel at the confluence of the Hagneck Canal .

literature

• BKW Energie (Hrsg.): BKW-Laufkraftwerke: Das Wasserkraftwerk Mühleberg . ( rowing.ch [PDF] brochure).

Web links

Commons : Kraftwerk Hagneck  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hagneck, electricity company . In: Inventory of Swiss sites worthy of protection (ISOS) . ( admin.ch [PDF]).
2. ↑ ^{a b} Andreas Stetter: The lean years in the electricity industry . In: Geographical Institute, University of Bern (Ed.): Gewäserkunde . No. 662 , 2016, p. 17 .
3. ^ Douglas Self: The Paris Compressed-Air Network-Elevators and Other Modern Conveniences. In: The Museum of Retro Technology. Retrieved May 2, 2019 . 
4. ↑ ^{a b} The Hagneck electricity works . In: The Bern Week . 1944, doi : 10.5169 / seals-644835 ( e-periodica.ch ).
5. ↑ Hagneck. Lake Biel power plants 
6. ↑ Federal Office for Energy (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plant in Switzerland . January 1, 1973 (Appendix No. 248).
7. ↑ ^{a b} Andreas Stettler: Inauguration Hagneck . Ed .: Bielersee Kraftwerke. 2015 ( bkw.ch [PDF]).