Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf

Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf Am Mellensee municipality Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 28 ″  N , 13 ° 20 ′ 20 ″  E
Height :	46 m
Area :	6.85 km²
Residents :	619  (December 31, 2015)
Population density :	90 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	February 1, 2002
Postal code :	15838
Area code :	033703
Location of Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf in Brandenburg

Benedictine convent Alexanderdorf, the former Vorwerk Kummersdorf

Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf is a district of the non-governmental municipality Am Mellensee in the district of Teltow-Fläming ( Brandenburg ). Until the merger with five other neighboring communities to form the (large) community Am Mellensee in 2002, Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf was an independent community within the Am Mellensee office at that time. Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf was created in 1974 through the merger of the communities Kummersdorf and Alexanderdorf.

history

Kummersdorf and Alexanderdorf are (or were) modern villages that may have arisen on the boundary of a medieval predecessor settlement. The area belonged to the former rule of Zossen and was ruled by the von Torgau family. After the family died out in 1478, the Elector Johann Cicero acquired the rule for 16,000 guilders and transferred it to the Zossen office in 1491 . There are no documents whatsoever that prove the existence of a possibly desolate medieval village. Gerhard Schlimpert explains , however, that blue-gray German ceramic remains from the 13th century were found in the area. In his opinion, the "newly built village" of Kummersdorf "undoubtedly" had a medieval predecessor settlement.

Alexanderdorf

Kummersdorf and the Vorwerk Kummersdorf, the later Alexanderdorf on Schmettau's map from 1767–1787

In 1572 the new Vorwerk zu Kummersdorf was set up. This included 104 acres of newly cleared fields and two newly cleared meadows of seven acres and twelve acres. The sheep farm at Sperenberg had also been cut into the Vorwerk. Apparently a board or sawmill had also been set up. On January 21 in 1756 and thus at times of Frederick the Great the bailiff Gerresheim as tenants of the Office received Zossen the statement near the Barbican four colonists houses to build ( "colony Kummersdorf") with "foreign" families from Saxony were occupied . Originally, the office was supposed to build two new semi-detached houses near two existing day laborer's houses. Due to the outbreak of the Seven Years' War , however, construction was delayed and was only completed in March 1672. The Vorwerk was an official Vorwerk or Domainvorwerk until 1811 when it was sold on a long lease because of the financial hardship of the Prussian state as a result of the Napoleonic Wars . In 1814 it was owned by Captain Alexander von Ruville, who applied for the name to be changed to Friedrichshof, as the Vorwerk is often confused with the Kummersdorf colony. The request was not granted, as there were already several properties with the name Friedrichshof in the wider area, but instead changed to Alexanderhof. Between 1834 and 1844 eight more colonist houses were built on Gutsland. In 1844 Otto Koerner bought the estate for 47,000 thalers. With the seizure of land from neighboring communities, a new community district "Kummersdorf Colony" was created. With effect from July 25, 1875, the manor district "Alexanderhof" and the community district "Kolonie Kummersdorf" were combined into one community, which was given the name Alexanderdorf. In the following decades the owners changed several times until 1907 the estate went to Friedrich August Leopold Carl Graf von Schwerin from neighboring Märkisch Wilmersdorf . He had a manor house built, which will serve as the main house of the monastery in the 21st century. However, the count, who became president of the German Dendrological Society from 1902 , was hit hard by inflation . In addition, his two sons died in quick succession. In 1933 Benedictine nuns from Berlin acquired the run-down estate from the Count of Schwerin. The Benedictine convent Alexanderdorf was built in the buildings of the former Vorwerk in 1934 . The nuns gradually renovated the buildings and built residential and guest houses as well as a wafer bakery. The independent history of Alexanderdorf ended in 1974 when it merged with Kummersdorf to form the new municipality of Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf. Between 1979 and 1984 the Benedictine nuns converted a barn on the property into a monastery church. In 2002, Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf became part of the new (large) community Am Mellensee.

Population development in Alexanderdorf

Population development in Alexanderdorf from 1895 to 1971
year	1895	1925	1939	1946	1964	1971
Residents	120	105	154	223	206	186

Kummersdorf

Monument to the fallen in Kummersdorf

In 1573, the new village of Kummersdorf was "erected" at some distance from the new Kummersdorf Vorwerk, which was later created by merging the Alexanderhof and the Kummersdorf Colony. The origin of the name is unclear. Schlimpert considers both an exclusively German place name and a Slavic-German mixed name to be possible. In the first case, a metaphorical formation from German "Kummer" would be to be considered, if Kummersdorf were actually a new foundation from 1573. In the second case, a Slavic personal name Komor, Komar (= mosquito) could also be used. Another possibility would be to reinterpret a Slavic place name Komorov = place where there are mosquitos. Mückendorf (now part of the city of Baruth / Mark ) is only ten kilometers away . The first documentary mention as Cümmersdorf comes from the year 1583 and was found in the hereditary register of the Zossen office.

Resident in the new village were a Schulze with four acres and 30 square rods of fields, a Lehnmüller with four acres and 46 square rods of old and 14 acres and 80 square rods of new fields as well as 22 cottages . A hammer hut is also mentioned. In 1572 it consisted of 104 acres of 90 square rods of newly cleared arable land, with a reserve of 100 acres that could still be cleared. In addition, there were two new meadows that were cleared in 1573 and were 7 acres with 60 square rods and 12 acres and 110 square rods. There was also a further expansion reserve here. A sheep farm and an electoral board or sawmill were built in addition to the Vorwerk. In 1652 there were still eight Kötter and Schulze living in the village.

In 1655, the administrative department had meadows for "191 loads of hay." The sheep farm was big enough to keep 1200 sheep. The Setzschulze, a feudal man and 15 kossaets lived in the village. There was also an official cutter in town. In 1745 the place was called a desert field mark, which was "free of all district taxes". There was a feudal farmer, seven kötter, seven half-kötter, two quarter kötter and a forester's house. At the same time, the sub-forester carried out the work of the kötter. Outside the village, the sheep farm consisted of a family house. The cutting mill was no longer functional. In 1755, the chief magistrate Gerresheim acquired the Schulzen's farm. There were five whole farmers, including the Schulzen, seven half-kotters, two quarter kotters and a jug that had been rebuilt on a deserted kötterstelle. The cutting mill had meanwhile been rebuilt. There was a schoolmaster, a forester and a shepherd, as well as five pairs and five individual residents and six Büdner. Three Kötterhöfe were still not occupied. Individual trades were in place, including a tailor, a wheelwright, a carpenter and a yarn weaver.

A pitcher is mentioned for the first time in 1801. There were 14 Ganzkötter, 18 Büdner, ten residents, a district gardener, a water grinding and cutting mill, a royal hunter and 49 fire pits (= households). In 1840 there were 42 houses in the village with Vorwerk. There was also the colony with six houses. 14 farm owners lived in the village and employed twelve male and female servants. There were 13 part-time farmers, 52 workers and one servant. Of the 27 properties, two totaled 247 acres. 15 more came together on 286 acres, ten more on 23 acres. A master tailor with a journeyman, two master carpenters and one journeyman, a cartwright, a cooper, three journeyman masons, a master blacksmith, two traders, three shopkeepers and two officials worked in the village. There was a pitcher and six arms. There were 12 farmers in the colony with three male and female servants. The 12 estates combined were only 23 acres. Furthermore, there was the Königlich Zossener Forest with the forest service establishments Lüdersdorfer Damm, Adlershorst, Fernneuendorf, Rauhbusch, Sperenberg and Zossen. The estate was 25,495 acres. In 1860 the stock had grown to two public, 53 residential and 73 farm buildings in the village and six residential and farm buildings in the colony. There was also the Kummersdorf chief forester with two residential and three farm buildings. In 1900 there were 86 houses in the village and eight in the forestry department. The stock grew to 99 houses in 1931. After the Second World War, 111 hectares were expropriated (84 hectares of which were forest). 101 were split. 18 farmers received a total of just one hectare, one company ten hectares and 18 old farmers 90 hectares of additional space. In 1960 a type I LPG was founded, which in 1961 already had 85 members and 359 hectares of land. In 1973 there was a VEB Kombinat Getreidewirtschaft Potsdam with the operating part Mühle Kummersdorf, the LPG and the head forester Kummersdorf.

Population development in Kummersdorf

Population development in Kummersdorf from 1895 to 1971
year	1895	1925	1939	1946	1964	1971
Residents	271	255	1477	1031	620	586

Attractions

Numerous archaeological monuments have been identified in the districts of Alexanderdorf and Kummersdorf.

Soil monuments

Alexanderdorf district

• Alexanderdorf: Village center modern times
• Alexanderdorf: Rest and work area Stone Age, Hort, Bronze Age
• Alexanderdorf: Rest and work area Stone Age
• Alexanderdorf, Gadsdorf: Rest and work area Stone Age
• Alexanderdorf, Kummersdorf: individual finds Stone Age, settlement Bronze Age
• Alexanderdorf, Schöneweide: Rest and work area Stone Age

Kummersdorf district

• Kummersdorf, Middle Ages village center, Modern village center, single finds from prehistory and early history
• Kummersdorf: Bronze Age settlement, Stone Age rest and work area
• Kummersdorf, Weg German Middle Ages, resting place and work place Stone Age, Acker German Middle Ages
• Kummersdorf, resting place and work place Stone Age

Natural monuments

Numerous individual trees or groups of trees have also been placed under protection in the Kummersdorf and Alexanderdorf districts and are on the list of natural monuments.

Alexanderdorf district

• Oak, north of the monastery: because of its formation
• Row of oaks in Dorfstrasse: because of their geological and natural historical significance
• Oak, 0.25 km NNE from the edge of the village on the edge of the forest: because of its age and size
• Oak, 0.9 km N outskirts on the southeast corner of the forest island: due to age, size and type of education
• Grove of trees with five oaks, N exit from the playground: because of their age

Kummersdorf district

• Peace oak in Kummersdorf at the Alte Schulstr. Junction, at the memorial stone: because of its beauty that defines the townscape and its importance in regional history
• small park in Kummersdorf opposite the Dorfkrug: because of its age and size

In the Kummersdorf district there is a boulder in the center of the village at the Alte Schulstr. because of its geological and natural historical importance under protection.

swell

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Main statutes of the municipality Am Mellensee  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of October 21, 2009 (PDF; 45 kB)  
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Enders & Beck (1976: pp. 147–149)
3. ↑ Schlimpert (1972: p. 118)
4. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg, district of Teltow-Fläming PDF ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Natural monuments of the Teltow-Fläming district - Trees PDF ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

literature

• Lieselott Enders and Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IV. Teltow. 395 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar, 1976
• Klaus Fiedler: On the history of the former Vorwerk Kummersdorf, today Alexanderdorf. Our Teltow, 1937: 12, 1937.
• Oskar Liebchen: From the oldest history of Kummersdorf. Teltower Kreiskalender, 29: 124–126, 1932.
• Gerhard Schlimpert : Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. 368 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972.
• Wilhelm Spatz: The Teltow. Part T. 3., History of the localities in the Teltow district. 384 pp., Berlin, Rohde, 1912.
• Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß: The manor houses and manors in the Teltow-Fläming district , Lukas Verlag für Kunst- und Geistesgeschichte, 1st edition, November 29, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 , p. 244

Web links

• Kummersdorf-Alexanderdorf on the homepage of the community Am Mellensee