Märkisch Wilmersdorf

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Märkisch Wilmersdorf
City of Trebbin
Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 31 ″  N , 13 ° 17 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 39 m
Area : 8.04 km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1997
Incorporated into: Thyrow
Postal code : 14959
Area code : 033731
Place view
Place view

Märkisch Wilmersdorf (until 1937 Wendisch Wilmersdorf) is a district of the city of Trebbin ( Teltow-Fläming district , Brandenburg ). On December 31, 1997, Märkisch Wilmersdorf had initially merged with the communities of Christinendorf , Großbeuthen and Thyrow to form the new community of Thyrow. In 2003 Thyrow (and thus also Märkisch Wilmersdorf) was incorporated into the city of Trebbin by law . The place originally belonged to the Zossen rule in the Middle Ages and was later itself the seat of a small aristocratic rule.

Geographical location

Märkisch Wilmersdorf is located in the eastern part of the urban area of ​​Trebbin. In the north the district borders on Kerzendorf and Wietstock (both districts of the city of Ludwigsfelde ), in the east on Nunsdorf (district of the city of Zossen ). In 2010 the size of the district is given as 804 ha.

Märkisch Wilmersdorf, then still called Wendisch Wilmersdorf, on the Urmes table sheet from 1840

Population development from 1583 to 2010 (until 1971 from the historical local dictionary, from 1981 from the historical municipality register), (2006 and 2010 Statistical Yearbook Teltow-Fläming).

year Residents
1583 approx. 75–90
(11 farmers, 7 farmers)
1734 153
1772 153
1801 173
1817 151
1840 217
1858 226
1895 193
1925 254
1939 216
1946 374
1964 289
1971 271
1981 247
1991 225
2006 223
2010 224
Märkisch Wilmersdorf Castle

history

The place was first mentioned in a document in 1491. The first mentioning date 1346, which can still be found in the historical local dictionary, is based on the incorrectly dated Meißner diocese register. The historical local lexicon characterizes the village form as a “square or dead end village deformed by manor formation”. The name means: "Village of a Wilmar", from the Old High German personal name Willamar, to as./ahd. willio = will and mari = great. The addition Wendisch, to distinguish it from Wilmersdorf (then German Wilmersdorf), which is now part of Berlin , is documented from around 1650. In 1937 the place was renamed Märkisch Wilmersdorf. In 1491 the place is called “Willmerstorff”, with the addition “located Inn den Wittstock”, which cannot be interpreted with certainty. The neighboring town of Wietstock (now part of the city of Ludwigsfelde) is only a few kilometers northeast of the town. At that time, the Brandenburg Elector Johann Cicero enfeoffed Friedrich von Beeren with half the village of Märkisch Wilmersdorf . It was about a revival after the takeover of the rule of Zossen by the Brandenburg margraves. Friedrich von Beeren had half of Märkisch Wilmersdorf as a fief from the Lords of Torgow, who died out in 1479.

The field marrow of the village was divided into 25 hooves. As early as 1521, the v. Lietzen a residential courtyard with three hooves in place, the core of the later manor. Mention is also made of a "new vineyard" and the Kruger in the village (next to the Lehnschulzengut and another feudal farmer). Before 1521 the v. Lietzen hereditary a farm with four hooves with rent, interest and services on the Feldmark Werben from Hans Schonwitz. In 1580 five Kavelwiesen belonged to this property. Before 1580, this farm was assigned to the Zossen office to create the Vorwerk in the Werben district.

In 1583 there was next to the knight seat of the v. Lietzen eleven Hüfner and seven Kossaten in Märkisch Wilmersdorf. 1615 was the A. v. Lietzen another farm “freely approved”, d. H. the farm had been bought, exempt from taxes and added to the manor. In 1624 a shepherd is mentioned in addition to ten farmers, seven kossäts (including a blacksmith). The Thirty Years' War also seems to have badly affected the place, because in 1652 the Schulze lived in the place with his three sons, four farmers and five farmers. On October 24, 1664, Catharina Sophie, daughter of Christoph von Köckeritz in schools and a Braunschweig maiden maiden, married Egidius Erdmann von Beeren von Groß Bereren and Wend. Wilmersdorf . In 1669 Hans Adam von Bremen acquired the knight seat of the v. Lietzen and their half of the village for 3100 thalers. In 1684, Henning Bernd von Schwerin, treasurer of the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm bought the property of v. Bremen for 3735 thalers and the ownership share of v. Berries for 1440 thalers. In 1701 he was hereditary from Friedrich I. with all of Märkisch Wilmersdorf. He was married to Catharina Anna von Schmeling.

In 1704 the knight's seat already comprised six knight's hooves, two hooves exempt from taxes (purchased court) and two priest's hooves. The Lehnschulzengut and six farms each had two hooves. A desolate farm was run by the noble rulers. A half-farmer worked a hoof. There were four occupied and three desolate farms in the village and a beer mug. The heir to the manor was the son Friedrich Bogislaw von Schwerin (1674–1747), who had a new, representative three-winged manor house built in a U-shape with hipped roofs at the beginning of the 18th century. He was married to Helena Dorothea von Kanitz, daughter of Christoph Albrecht von Kanitz (1653-1711), heir of Mednicken, Mühlfeld and Boxin, and Maria Gottliebe Schach von Wittenau (1659-1736). In 1746 Friedrich Bogislaw von Schwerin had the church rebuilt and a rectangular crypt annex built across the width of the nave on the east side of the church. A plaque above the entrance to the crypt bears an inscription in precious Latin that says in German: Friedrich Bogislaw von Schwerin, chief stableman of the Prussian king, first chamberlain of the same king, governor of New Stettin, first envoy [of the Prussian king, who yes when Elector of Brandenburg was one of the emperor's voters] for the election of the Roman Emperor Charles VII [of Bavaria, 1742 in Frankfurt am Main], Knight of the Black Eagle Order, and his wife Helene Dorothea von Cani [t] z have this grave monument for Have yourself and your family built in the year of the Lord in 1746. A Schwerin / Kanitz alliance coat of arms is attached to the gable of the crypt extension. In 1771 the place counted "11 gables" and had 153 inhabitants. In 1801 the population had increased slightly to 173 people. The place included five whole farmers, four whole cottagers, four Büdner, 16 residents, a forge, a jug, a brick factory and the manor with now 15 knight's hooves. The place counted "17 fire places". Friedrich August Leopold Carl Graf von Schwerin (1750 to 1834) had the manor house converted in 1801 into a rectangular, single-storey plastered building on a high basement with a half-hipped roof. In 1840 there were 25 houses in the village. The estate was leased from 1840 to 1890. In 1858, 21 maidservants and 47 day laborers were employed on the estate. Local craftsmen are a master tailor, two journeymen masons and a master blacksmith with a journeyman and an apprentice. In 1860 there was a wind grain mill in the village. It is already recorded in the Urmes table sheet from 1840 on the Wilmersdorfer Berg. There are three public buildings, 15 residential buildings and 35 commercial buildings in the residential community. In addition to the manor building, the manor had 10 residential buildings and 17 farm buildings. From 1890 the manor was managed by Friedrich Kurt Alexander Graf von Schwerin himself. In 1900 18 houses were counted in the residential community, and there were still 10 houses in the estate. By 1901, the manor house was further converted into a representative castle. In 1910 he leased the property again, but stayed in the castle. In 1931, after the unification of the community and manor district, there were a total of 31 houses in Märkisch Wilmersdorf. In 1933 he sold the castle and estate to Arnold Kuhnheim. After the Second World War, 486 hectares of the estate were expropriated. 443 hectares were distributed to farm workers, refugees and industrial workers.

In 1953 a LPG type I was founded, which was converted to type III in 1954. In 1955 the LPG had 23 members and 161 hectares of agricultural land. From 1960 onwards, all farmers had joined, in 1961 the 78 members farmed 470 hectares of usable land. In 1999 Mr. Michael Werner, gallery owner from Cologne, bought the castle with park and manor.

Political history

At the time of its first reliable mention, Märkisch Wilmersdorf was already part of the Zossen office . This was formed from the previous rule of Zossen after it was acquired by the Brandenburg margrave Johann Cicero in 1490 . However, the local rule was no longer in the possession of the Zossen office, but the place belonged to half of the family v. Berries to large berries. The owners of the other half are unknown. The V. Berries were fiefdoms of the Zossen office and had to do castle services and land succession . From the affiliation to the Zossen office and the feudal relationship of the local owners, one can surely infer that Märkisch Wilmersdorf belongs to the Zossen rule. Since at least before 1521 the v. Lietzen owned the other half of the village. The V. Berries were able to maintain their possession until 1683. On October 24, 1664, Catharina Sophie, daughter of Christoph von Köckeritz auf Schuhlen and a Braunschweig maiden maiden, married Egidius Erdmann von Beeren von Groß Beeren and Wendisch Wilmersdorf. The V. Lietzen sold their half in 1669 to Hans Adam v. Bremen. In 1684, Henning Bernd v. Schwerin both parts of the village. He paid 3735 thalers for half that of Bremen and 1440 thalers for half that of berries. With the Prussian district order of 1872, they lost the status of local lords, their estate was transformed into an estate district in which they still had almost unlimited rights. The Wendisch Wilmersdorf manor district comprised 592 hectares in 1900, just 217 hectares remained for the Wendisch Wilmersdorf community. In 1928 the manor district and the community were merged. The Schwerin remained in possession of the castle and park in Märkisch Wilmersdorf until 1933, which they sold to millionaire Arnold Kuhnheim that year. With the formation of the districts in the Mark Brandenburg, the Zossen office was affiliated to the Teltow district. After the dissolution of the Teltow district in 1952, Märkisch Wilmersdorf became part of the newly formed Zossen district . In 1993, the Zossen district was merged with the Jüterbog and Luckenwalde districts to form the Teltow-Fläming district. With the formation of the administrative office in the state of Brandenburg in 1992, Märkisch Wilmersdorf merged with eleven other small communities and the city of Trebbin to form the Trebbin office . On December 31, 1997, the communities Christinendorf , Groß Beuthen , Märkisch Wilmersdorf and Thyrow merged to form the new community Thyrow. But this new Thyrow parish only lasted a short time. On October 26, 2003, the municipalities of Lüdersdorf, Schönhagen and Thyrow were incorporated into the city of Trebbin by law, the Trebbin office was dissolved and the city of Trebbin became vacant. The "new" municipality Thyrow was dissolved again, since then Märkisch Wilmersdorf has been part of the city of Trebbin.

Village church in Märkisch Wilmersdorf, south side

Church affiliation

Märkisch Wilmersdorf was a church village in the Middle Ages and, like the other places of the Zossen rule, belonged to the Meißen diocese. In 1639 two parish hooves are mentioned, which in 1704 were already in possession of the manor.

Wars of Liberation 1813–1815

During the advance of the Napoleonic "Armée de Berlin", six Prussian companies erect entrenchments on Wilmersdorfer Berg to stop the advance of Napoleonic troops from the direction of Nunsdorf. On the afternoon of August 22, 1813, the Napoleonic troops attacked in seven waves and under the protection of two batteries of 12-pound cannons. The Prussian troops withdrew to the other side of the Nuthegraben to Thyrow around 6 p.m. The Napoleonic troops made no attempt to cross the Nuthegraben at this point, but continued to advance towards Wietstock. There came a bloody battle at the Wietstocker Schanzen.

Monuments

Architectural monuments

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Teltow-Fläming dated December 31, 2011 lists three architectural monuments in the village:

  • the village church , a plastered hall church from the beginning of the 18th century. In 1746 a crypt was added to the east ; Above it is a recessed roof tower with a pointed helmet, 1747. Inside there is a simple interior from the time the church was built and a fifth from 1660.
  • Homestead, Kirchplatz 4, consisting of a middle floor house, stable building and barn
  • The Märkisch Wilmersdorf manor house is a one-storey plastered building from 1801, which was expanded in 1901 to a two-and-a-half-storey building in Tudor style . The building was renovated after 2000. The original facade design was restored.

Soil monuments

Ten archaeological monuments are listed in the list of monuments:

  • Corridor 2,3: the village center of the modern age, a settlement from the Bronze Age, a settlement from the Stone Age, the village center from the Middle Ages
  • Corridor 5,6: a resting and working place from the Stone Age
  • Corridor 1,2: an Iron Age settlement
  • Corridor 3: a settlement of prehistory and early history
  • Corridor 3: an Iron Age settlement
  • Corridor 6: a resting and working place from the Stone Age
  • Corridor 5,6: a resting and working place from the Stone Age
  • Corridor 5: a resting place and work place from the Stone Age
  • Corridor 5: another resting place and work place from the Stone Age
  • Corridor 3 / on the border with corridor 1/2 of the Nunsdorf district: a settlement from prehistory

Natural monuments

The list of monuments also includes two natural monuments:

  • an avenue of maples, road from Märkisch Wilmersdorf to Thyrow: because of its beauty that shapes the landscape, its scientific importance (dendrology) and its cultural significance
  • a chestnut avenue in the Märkisch-Wilmersdorf park, 0.4 km north of the church on the northern edge of the park, parallel to the Wietstocker Weg: because of its age, its form of formation and the beauty of the landscape, as well as its importance in terms of regional history.

supporting documents

literature

  • Lieselott Enders and Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IV. Teltow. 395 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar, 1976 (p. 351–353)
  • The art monuments of the Teltow district , arr. v. Hans Erich Kubach et al., Berlin 1941, pp. 131-134 (sources and lit., local history, church and manor house with description and floor plan, residential buildings, "partly made of half-timbered with thatched roofs")
  • George Adalbert von Mülverstedt , Ed .: Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of the knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia . 360 p., Magdeburg 1863 (hereinafter abbreviated to Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, with corresponding page number).
  • Gerhard Schlimpert: Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. 368 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972 (p. 202/3).
  • Wilhelm Spatz: The Teltow. Part T. 3., History of the localities in the Teltow district. 384 pp., Berlin, Rohde, 1912.
  • Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß: The manor houses and manors in the Teltow-Fläming district , Lukas Verlag für Kunst- und Geistesgeschichte, 1st edition, November 29, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 , p. 244

Individual evidence

  1. a b Main statutes of the city of Trebbin from February 18, 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from December 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / st-trebbin-v4.dakomani.de
  2. ^ A b Merger of the communities Christinendorf, Groß Beuthen, Märkisch Wilmersdorf and Thyrow (Trebbin Office) to form the new community Thyrow. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of December 23, 1997. Official Journal for Brandenburg Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 9, Number 2, January 17, 1998, p. 26.
  3. a b Fourth law on state-wide municipal area reform concerning the districts Havelland, Potsdam-Mittelmark, Teltow-Fläming (4th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003
  4. a b Statistical yearbook of the Teltow-Fläming district 2010 PDF
  5. Enders and Beck (1976: p. 210/1)
  6. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg for 1875 to 2005. 19.14 Teltow-Fläming district PDF
  7. Statistical yearbook of the Teltow-Fläming district 2006 PDF
  8. 1346 as the year of the first mention is based on the wrong dating of the Meißner diocese registers. According to recent research, this document is dated to the year 1495; see. Winfried Schich: First mentions and local anniversaries. Reflections on the history of the Brandenburg settlement - lecture at the “Day of Brandenburg Local and State History” on November 6, 2005 in Potsdam
  9. ^ Gerhard Schlimpert: Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972, p. 368 p . (P. 202/3)
  10. a b Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis A. First main part, XI. Volume, continuation of the Mittelmark documents. Town and monastery Spandau, town Potsdam, town Teltow, town Mittenwalde, Zossen and that of Torgow, mixed documents, namely belonging to the small towns of Teltow and Barnim. 528 p., Berlin, Reimer 1856 Online at Google Books (p. 274)
  11. a b Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 86 Online at Google Books .
  12. a b Johann Gottfried Dienemann: From the other accolade, held on February 26, 1737. In: Johann Erdmann Hasse (Hrsg.): News from the Order of St. John, in particular of its masterclass in the Mark, Saxony, Pomerania in Wendland, as well as the election and investiture of the current master, Prince August Ferdinand in Prussia Königl. Your Highness, along with a description of the accolades held in 1736, 1737, 1762 and 1764. George Ludewig Winter, Berlin 1767 Online at Google Books , p. 189 Pedigree.
  13. ^ Carsten Preuß and Hiltrud Preuß: The manor houses and mansions in the Teltow-Fläming district. 243 pp., Lukas Verlag, Berlin, 2011 ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 (pp. 146–9)
  14. ^ Formation of the Trebbin Office. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of May 13, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 38, June 15, 1992, p. 744.
  15. a b List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Teltow-Fläming (status: December 31, 2011) PDF ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de
  16. Landkreis Teltow-Fläming Natural Monuments - Trees PDF ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.teltow-flaeming.de

Web links

Commons : Märkisch Wilmersdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files