Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier

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Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier (2006)
Exhibition space After Roman times

The Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier is one of the most important archaeological museums in Germany. Its collection ranges from prehistory through Roman times , the Middle Ages to the Baroque . Above all, the Roman past of the oldest city in Germany - Augusta Treverorum , today's Trier - is presented in the Landesmuseum Trier using archaeological finds.

History and tasks

School relief

The State Museum was founded in 1877 as the "Provincial Museum of the Prussian Rhine Province" next to the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn and was later supported by the Rhenish Provincial Association. After the Second World War, the museum was taken over by the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . Since March 1st, 2008 the museum has belonged to the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage of Rhineland-Palatinate .

The preservation of archaeological monuments in particular has been one of the tasks of the State Museum since it was founded, so that most of the exhibits are the result of its own excavations. With more than 10,000 known archaeological sites and an area of ​​5700 km², the working area of ​​the museum includes not only Trier but also the neighboring districts of Birkenfeld , Bernkastel-Wittlich , Bitburg-Prüm , Trier-Saarburg and Vulkaneifel . Two scientific journals and a separate series of monographs ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier ) are used to publish the excavation results, the collections and historical research. The support group of the State Museum has been awarding the Dr. Heinz Cüppers Prize , which is named after the longstanding director.

Directors

exhibition

The permanent exhibition rooms on prehistory, the Roman era, the Middle Ages and the modern era extend over 4000 m² of exhibition space . In particular, the exhibits from the Roman city of Trier , which as the late antique imperial residence was one of the most important cities in the Roman Empire , make the collection unique. The museum was refurbished in 2009 and 2011 and since then has offered visitors a tour of the history of Trier and its region, starting with the first people 200,000 years ago. Stone tools, finds from the Bronze Age and impressive Celtic aristocratic graves take visitors back to times long past. Finds from the time of the Romans, when Trier achieved its greatest importance, are also on display: For example the pole of the first Roman bridge , which dendrochronologically dates from the founding date of Trier as the oldest city in Germany to the years 18/17 BC. Dated. Due to the strategically and economically favorable location, there was a rapid upswing in the city. Witnesses of this glamorous time include the largest collection of mosaics north of the Alps, magnificent small finds from everyday Roman life and impressive, meter-high grave monuments, including the world-famous “ Neumagen Wine Ship” and the “School Relief”.

Archaeological finds from rubbish pits, which offer a surprising insight into medieval Trier, or works of art, such as the last preserved stained glass from the Trier Cathedral , which testify to the importance of the Trier monasteries and the cathedral, tell of the time after the Romans . The museum tour ends with a glimpse of the splendor at the court of the last Elector of Trier.

The state museum's coin collection, one of the largest numismatic collections in Germany, can be seen in its own coin cabinet. A highlight of this collection is the coin treasure , which was found on September 9, 1993 during excavation work for an underground car park near the Römerbrücke in Trier. It contains 2558 Roman gold coins and is the largest Roman gold treasure found to date.

Trier gold coin treasure

Audio guides are included in the entrance fee and are available in German, English, French and Dutch, and there is also a special children's audio tour.

In addition to the permanent exhibitions, special exhibitions take place on an additional 2000 m² exhibition space. The most successful of the last few years were the exhibition "Constantine the Great" in 2007 and "Beauty in Ancient Egypt" in 2009.

Selected exhibits

The original Neumagen wine ship
For the Trier gold coin treasure see the own article.

The Neumagen wine ship

The Neumagen wine ship served as an attachment to the grave memorial of a Roman wine merchant from around AD 220. It was found in Neumagen-Dhron in 1878, where it was built into the foundation of a fort in the late Roman period. It has become a symbol of the flourishing wine trade on the Moselle.

The Polydus mosaic

Mosaics

Virgil in the Monnus mosaic, with mortar inserted at the missing point

The state museum has very high quality mosaics , which were often found to be almost completely preserved.

These include the Polydus mosaic with the racing driver Polydus on his car, pulled by four horses, who wields his trophies. His lead horse Compressore is also immortalized by name on the mosaic. The mosaic from the 3rd century comes from a town house that was demolished in the 4th century when the Kaiserthermen were built.

On the area of ​​the State Museum itself, the Monnus mosaic (also Muse mosaic of Monnus ) was found during foundation investigations in 1884 , which was later exhibited in almost the same place (only on the upper floor). It dates from the 3rd century AD and is named after its inscription Monnus fecit (for example: Monnus made [it] or created [it] ). Various muses and artists are depicted, u. a. Virgil surrounded by images of the seasons, months and zodiac. Significant parts of the mosaic have been destroyed. a. due to a strong fire - when found there were still charred roof beams on the mosaic, the stones underneath were completely burned. While the ornaments were added again for the exhibition, only mortar was used in the figurative representations.

The hoard from Trassem

Hoard from the Bronze Age

This hoard is an important find from the Bronze Age. A bracelet and a needle made of gold, gold spirals as well as a short sword and bronze ax blades were hidden between stones around 3600 years ago. The find is considered an offering to divine powers, but could also represent an equipment made during lifetime for the afterlife. Since finds of Bronze Age metal objects are relatively rare in this region, this find is an important testimony to this epoch.

Library

The museum has an extensive reference library on archeology, art history, numismatics and historical regional studies of over 100,000 volumes.

Events

The State Museum offers various themed tours for schools and children, children's birthdays and holiday programs. They become a special experience with interactive workshop parts in the museum educational rooms. In addition, further training for teachers or educators is offered. Special events such as museum nights, guided tours, culinary evenings, lectures, workshops and concerts make up the offer for adults.

literature

  • Felix Hettner: Illustrated guide through the Provincial Museum in Trier. Lintz, Trier 1903.
  • Reinhard Schindler: Guide through the Trier State Museum. Trier 1977, 2nd expanded edition 1980
  • Finds: from prehistory to modern times. Theiss, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-8062-2324-8 ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 36).

Catalogs of the collection

  • Wolfgang Binsfeld , Karin Goethert-Polaschek, Lothar Schwinden: Catalog of the Roman stone monuments of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Corpus signorum Imperii Romani vol. 4.3. Trier and Trier Land. Zabern, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-8053-0286-X ( Trier excavations and research 12 ).
  • Antje Krug: Roman gems in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Trier 1995, ISBN 978-3-923319-32-9 ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 10 ).
  • Bernd Bienert: The Roman bronze vessels in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Trier 2007, ISBN 978-3-923319-69-5 ( Trier magazine - supplement 31 ).
  • Karl-Josef Gilles: The Roman gold coin treasure from the Feldstrasse in Trier . Trier 2013, ISBN 978-3-923319-82-4 . ( Trier magazine - supplement 34 ).
  • Karl-Josef Gilles: The coin cabinet in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. An overview of the Trier coin history. Trier 1996 ISBN 978-3-923319-36-7 ( series of publications of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 13 ).
  • Karin Goethert: Roman lamps and candlesticks. Selection catalog of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Trier 1997 ISBN 978-3-923319-38-1 ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 14 )
  • Peter Hoffmann: Roman mosaics in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Guide to the permanent exhibition , Trier 1999, ISBN 3-923319-44-4 ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 16 )
  • An Egyptian in Trier. The Egyptian mummy and the coffin in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier. Egyptological and medical examinations by Martina Minas-Nerpel and Günther Sigmund. With a contribution to the tradition of Jürgen Merten. Trier 2003, ISBN 978-3-923319-53-4 ( publication series of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 26 ).

Periodicals and magazines

  • Trier magazine. Archeology and art of the Trier region and its neighboring areas. 1, 1926 ff.
  • Finds and excavations in the Trier district. 1, 1969 ff.

Web links

Commons : Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heinz Heinen : Augustus and the beginnings of Roman Trier. In: Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier (ed.): Trier - Augustus city of the Treverians. 2nd edition, Mainz 1984, p. 40, cat.-no. 43; Mechthild Neyses-Eiden in: Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier (ed.): Finds: from prehistory to modern times (= series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum 36). Theiss, Stuttgart 2009, pp. 50-51.
  2. ^ F. Hettner (1903). Illustrated guide through the Provincial Museum in Trier. (Pp. 64-68). No. 147 Fig.
  3. ↑ Hartwig Löhr in: Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier (ed.): Finds: from prehistory to modern times. Theiss, Stuttgart 2009, pp. 24-25 ( series of publications by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum 36 ).
  4. ^ Catalog of the library of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier .

Coordinates: 49 ° 45 ′ 6.6 "  N , 6 ° 38 ′ 40.2"  E