Dam (castle)
As dams (in Switzerland also: Letzi ; plural: Letzinen ) refers to plants whose purpose is the passage through a valley to reinforce.
investment
Dams typically consist of
- Mountain castles in the valley sides or on heights on both sides of the valley
- Defensive walls , if necessary in combination with other bastions , across the valley in order to completely block the valley. Since these parts of the complex typically cannot take advantage of the altitude advantage, they fall into the category of low-rise castles .
Due to the combination of elements of the Höhenburg and the Niederungsburg, dams evade this basic categorization.
In certain places such as Rothenthurm SZ, the walls were several kilometers long and often combined with ditches.
In the 19th century , dams were still being built. B. the roadblocks Chiusa and Buco di Vela .
purpose
Research disagrees in all cases as to whether the facilities actually served as defensive defenses, or in some cases just to mark out boundaries and to deter cattle theft.
It is certain that dams also served to enforce road constraints and thus secure the income for road tolls and the maintenance of the road.
Dams with hill fort
- Castles of Bellinzona , Canton Ticino
- Castelmur Castle , Canton of Graubünden
- Ehrenberg Castle (Reutte)
- Fernstein Castle
- Fracstein Castle , Canton of Graubünden
- Klamm Castle ( Breitenstein, Lower Austria ) above Schottwien
- Schlossberg Castle ( Seefeld in Tirol )
- Castle ruins in the Mühlbacher Klause , South Tyrol
- Hohenwerfen Fortress
- Fortini della Fame , Canton Ticino
- Karlsfried
- Letzimauer and Mülenen castle ruins , Canton Bern
- Sachsenburg fortification , Sachsenburg , Carinthia
- La Serra , Zernez, Canton of Graubünden
- Serravalle (castle)
- Eisenkappler Turkenschanze
- Schloss-Naus moated castle
Castelmur castle and defensive wall
The castle ruins in the Mühlbacher Klause , which blocked the western Puster Valley
Last wall of the Mülenen castle ruins
Buco di Vela roadblock
Dams as independent defensive walls
- Hadnmauer (a dam near Rattendorf in Gailtal , which was supposed to protect Gurina ), federal state of Carinthia, Austria
- Landmauer Gamsen (by far the best preserved Letzi in all of Switzerland), Canton of Valais
- Last walls of Arth and Oberarth , Canton Schwyz
- Letzimauer in Näfels , Canton Glarus
- Letzimauer in Rothenthurm , Canton Schwyz
- Letziturm Basel , Canton Basel-Stadt
- Letziturm in Morgarten , Canton Schwyz
- Porta Claudia (former fortification at the narrow point of the Scharnitz Pass in the Isar Valley near Scharnitz), Tyrol, Austria
- Zurich Hard Tower ( Letzigraben , Letzigrund ), Canton of Zurich
Letzimauer Näfels
Letzimauer Oberarth
Letziturm in Morgarten
Porta Claudia
"Letzi"
The Swiss German word Letzi comes from the Middle High German " last ", d. H. Hindrance, inhibition, protection or border fortification. Even today, toponyms in many places refer to Letzinen or Letzimauern or Letzi towers . Remains of such defensive structures can still be seen in many places today.
Examples of Letzi in toponyms:
- Letzigasse in Zofingen
- Letzigraben and Letzistrasse in Zurich
- Letzigrund Stadium in Zurich
Web links
- Martin Illi: Letzi. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Neue Zürcher Zeitung (July 14, 2012): A Chinese Wall in Schwyz?
Individual evidence
- ↑ Letzi & # 151; Grammar. Duden , accessed on July 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Jakob Obrecht: Archaeological exploratory excavations at the Letzimauer Rothenthurm, 1999 . In: Historical Association of the Canton of Schwyz (ed.): Messages from the Historical Association of the Canton of Schwyz . tape 92 , 2000, pp. 11-32 .
- ↑ a b Martin Merki: A Chinese Wall in Schwyz? In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . No. 162 , July 14, 2012, p. 13 ( article on NZZonline ).
- ↑ Matthias Dürst: The Letzigraben. In: Gang dur Alt-Züri. Retrieved July 16, 2012 .
- ^ Thomas Kühtreiber : Street and Castle. Notes on a complex relationship . In: Kornelia Holzner-Tobisch, Thomas Kühtreiber, Gertrud Blaschitz (eds.): The complexity of the street. Continuity and change in the Middle Ages and early modern times (= publications by the Institute for Realienkunde of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Age ). tape 22 . Vienna 2012, chap. Burg and Zollstätten: Case studies in a comparison of the history of writing and building history (p. 275ff.), P. 263–301 ( text on academia.edu ).
- ↑ Marienpilgerweg. In: marienpilgerweg.at. Retrieved October 19, 2016 .
- ↑ Jenig. In: jenig.at. Retrieved October 19, 2016 .
- ↑ Landmauer - Letzi on landmauer.ch
- ↑ For more, see Schweizerisches Idiotikon , Volume III, column 1558 f., Article Letzi , Bed.1a (with note column 1562).