Lilium papilliferum
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Lilium papilliferum is a species from the genus of lilies ( Lilium ) in the Sinomartagon section . Little is known about the species has only been collected a few times and is native to south-central China. Their flower color, a deep dark red, is unique in the genus.
description
Vegetative habit
Lilium papilliferum is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 60 centimeters. The whitish-pale pink to dark purple onion , which serves as a persistence organ , is round, up to 38 millimeters high and has a diameter of up to 34 millimeters. The ten to twelve roof-tile-like scales are thick, egg-shaped-lanceolate, up to 28 millimeters high and 18 millimeters wide.
The slender, delicate stem , up to four millimeters thick at the base, is papilous and crawls up to 5 centimeters underground before breaking through the ground. It has a green base color, but has a completely reddish brown tinge.
leaves
The numerous leaves are scattered, especially in the middle and the upper section of the stem. They are linear, five-nerved and tapering to the tip of the leaf, 5.5 to 10 centimeters long and 2 to 4 millimeters wide, shiny, hairless and green. At the base they narrow slightly and are greenish-white in color, at the edge and along the vein they are roughened. Bracts are present and stand in whorls of three to five leaves, they are the same as normal leaves, but only 4 to 5 centimeters long and 3 to 5 millimeters wide.
Flowers, fruits and seeds
Lilium papilliferum blooms in July and August with up to four centimeters long, nodding flowers that either stand individually, in twos in an umbel or with up to five in a cluster . The flower smells of chocolate or sweet and resinous ( " sweetly resinous "). The flower stalks are 4.5 to 7 inches long, slightly arched, hairless and greenish-purple.
The six identical, egg-shaped-lanceolate bracts (tepals) are strongly bent back ( Turkish covenant shape ) and 3.5 to 4.2 centimeters long and between 10 millimeters and 14 millimeters wide and hairless. The surface is covered with numerous, irregular papillae, which pile up towards the thickened apex of the leaf, the tepals are strongly shiny scarlet, wine-red or brown-red with a few green spots, on their back is reddish-light green.
The stamens are up to 27 millimeters long, the slender, pale green, hairless and tapering stamens up to 22 millimeters. The kidney-shaped anthers are light brown, the pollen light orange. The light green, cylindrical ovary is furrowed, 20 millimeters long and 5 millimeters wide. The stylus is brownish-purple, the stigma cream-colored and papilose.
Nectaries sit at the base of the bracts . The nectar channel going from there longitudinally is partly densely covered with white papillae and dark red, brown at the base.
The seeds ripen in September in elongated seed pods 2 to 2.5 centimeters long and 1.5 to 2 centimeters wide . The seed germinates immediately and epigeously , it is not necessary to remove the inhibition of germination by external influences.
distribution
Lilium papilliferum is a rare plant, it is native to the provinces of Shaanxi , Sichuan and northwest of Yunnan in the People's Republic of China . At the beginning of the 21st century, however, an undetermined species came into the hands of breeders and collectors, which turned out to be Lilium papilliferum and was collected in western neighboring Tibet , so the species is apparently native here too.
The species grows in sunny locations in alpine regions between shrubs on slopes, dry rocky outcrops and dry, open, alpine, stony pastures at altitudes of 1000 to 3300 meters. In the summer there is monsoon rains , hard frosts are rather rare.
Botanical history and systematics
Lilium papilliferum was discovered by the missionary and plant collector Pierre Jean Marie Delavay in August 1888 near Tapintse on the northern tip of Lake Dali in northwestern Yunnan and was first described in 1892 by Adrien René Franchet using herbarium material. Other finds come from George Forrest (1914, on the watershed of Mekong and Saluen ) and Joseph Francis Charles Rock (1922). Rock also brought onions to England for the first time in 1948, where they first blossomed in culture in 1949.
Like the majority of all Chinese species, Lilium papilliferum was classified by Harold Frederick Comber in the Sinomartagon section , but according to molecular genetic studies it is polyphyletic and breaks down into at least five groups, some of which are clearly separated from each other.
proof
- Mark Wood: Lily Species - Notes and Images. CD-ROM, version of July 13, 2006
- Flora Of China. Vol. 24, p. 146
- Stephen G. Haw: The Lilies of China. 1986, pp. 123-125, ISBN 978-0-88192-034-5
- FA Waugh: A Conspectus of the Genus Lilium [Concluded] In: Botanical Gazette 27 No. 5, 1899, p. 340
- Alisdair Aird: Three Uncommon Lily Species From China. In: The Lily Yearbook of the North American Lily Society. 58, 2005, pp. 92-93, ISSN 0741-9910
- Carl Feldmaier, Judith McRae: The new lilies. , Ulmer, Stuttgart 1982, pp. 125-126. ISBN 978-3-8001-6121-8
Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under references; the following sources are also cited:
- ^ Alisdair Aird: Three Uncommon Lily Species From China. In: The Lily Yearbook of the North American Lily Society, 58, 2005, p. 92
- ^ Mark Wood, Lily Species - Notes and Images. CD-ROM, version of July 13, 2006
- ↑ Nishikawa Tomotaro, Okazaki Keiichi, Arakawa Katsuro, Nagamine Tsukasa: Phylogenetic Analysis of Section Sinomartagon in Genus Lilium Using Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region in Nuclear Ribosomal DNA. In: 育種 学 雑 誌, Breeding science, 51, No. 1, pp. 39–46
