Linux Mint

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Linux Mint
Linux Mint logo
Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: Cinnamon
Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: Cinnamon 4.6.6 Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: MATE 1.24 Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: Xfce 4.14
Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: MATE

Linux Mint 20 - desktop environment: Xfce
developer Linux Mint Community
License (s) Free software licenses, mainly GPL ; includes proprietary software
First publ. August 27, 2006
Current  version Linux Mint: 20 Ulyana;
Debian Edition: LMDE 3 Cindy (Linux Mint: June 27, 2020;
Debian Edition: August 31, 2018 )
Kernel Monolithic ( Linux )
ancestry GNU / Linux
↳ Debian
↳ Ubuntu
↳ Linux Mint

GNU / Linux
↳ Debian
↳ Linux Mint Debian Edition

Architecture (s) IA-32 , AMD64
timeline Ada, Barbara, Bea, Bianca, Cassandra, Celena, Daryna, Elyssa, Felicia, Gloria, Helena, Isadora, LMDE , Julia, Katya, Lisa, Maya, Nadia, Olivia, Petra, Qiana, Rebecca, Betsy , Rafaela, Rosa, Sarah, Serena, Sonya, Sylvia, Tara, Tessa, Tina, Ulyana
compatibility POSIX ( LSB )
Installation medium Live system for DVD or USB stick
Languages) German , English , multilingual
www.linuxmint.com

Linux Mint is a Linux distribution for PC in two editions available in parallel. The main issue, simply Linux Mint called, is based on the Linux distribution Ubuntu , and is available in different versions, namely as Cinnamon - MATE - and Xfce -Edition ;, up to version 3.18 there was also a KDE -Edition. There is also an "unofficial" version with LXDE as the desktop. The second (outwardly very similar) edition is based on Debian and is called Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) for differentiation . Clément Lefèbvre is the maintainer for Linux Mint and LMDE.

history

Linux Mint was branched off from Ubuntu in 2006 to better integrate popular and freely available software into a distribution. In addition to open source free software , this should also apply to proprietary, non-free, but popular software such as As Adobe Flash or the vast number of multimedia - codecs (such as MP3 or H.264 apply). In the very popular parent distribution Ubuntu, however - at that time - free and non-free software was strictly separated from one another for political and ideological reasons ; non-free software has been outsourced to an optional additional offer. Linux Mint was successful with this integrative concept, which was initially based on popular non-free software. This also expanded the goals and ambitions that they had set themselves.

In May 2014 the developers of Linux Mint decided to give the stability and integration of all components even greater weight than before. Since May 2014, all upcoming Linux Mint releases have only been based on the current Ubuntu Long Term Support code base. Since August 2014, the Debian editions have also been based on the current Debian stable code base. This should ensure a particularly high stability of the code base of both editions and thus preconditions for a particularly good integration of all components in Linux Mint. At the same time, the developers promised to update the essential desktop programs, which are important for end users, from time to time, despite the stabilized code base. The second release under the new rules, Linux Mint 17.1 Rebecca , brought newer versions of the most important user programs with it at the end of November 2014.

concept

Linux Mint uses specially developed desktop environments such as Cinnamon as a window to the user . The aim is to make the achieved degree of integration within the distribution accessible to the user in a simple and user-friendly form. Cinnamon started as a fork of the Gnome Shell to create a user interface that combines modern concepts of Gnome 3 with the traditional use of Gnome 2. The developers are also involved in the development of MATE , the further development of the Gnome 2 user interface, which was discontinued in 2010 . Linux Mint is one of the few distributions that develop their preferred desktop environments based on their own needs and to achieve their own goals.

The overall package according to the rules of the new concept of May 2014, including a stable code base, integration of all components, updates important user programs, usability and desktop environments - to a lesser extent in providing the latest application programs - from professional media (and a.. The Register , Ars Technica ) rated from very good to partly enthusiastic.

Scope of distribution

General

Both editions of Linux Mint - the main edition and LMDE - were previously available in both a 32-bit and a 64-bit version. Since Linux Mint 20 there is only a 64-bit version available. For the installation you have the choice between several DVD installation packages (using downloadable ISO files), each of which brings a different preconfigured desktop environment. The official Linux Mint desktop environments are MATE and Cinnamon. Only the Ubuntu-based main edition of Linux Mint also offers the pre-configured Xfce desktop environment . In both editions of Linux Mint, all other desktop environments can always be installed subsequently using package management , but then without sophisticated preconfiguration.

In contrast to the Linux distributions Ubuntu and Debian, which mainly consist of free software, Linux Mint already contains codecs for encrypted DVDs, MP3 or DivX as well as plug-ins such as Adobe Flash and Oracle Java . In addition, NDISwrapper is preinstalled to support WLAN cards without their own Linux driver, and there are some programs and instructions to simplify communication with Windows systems on the same or different computers. Technically, you use the package sources from Ubuntu or Debian (the latter for LMDE) as well as your own with the changed and additional packages. This means that all updates from Ubuntu and Debian are also available to Linux Mint users.

The software that was and is specifically developed for Linux Mint includes the Cinnamon desktop environment and the MintTools , which include the MintMenu system menu . The structure of this is based on the menus of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (SLED) or Microsoft Windows Vista . Special features here are the ability to browse the menu yourself, options to display files and folders last used as well as selected folders, and to place favorite programs prominently. For this purpose there is a package directory under the name Romeo , similar to Debian unstable , from which the self-developed programs (such as the components of the desktop environments Cinnamon and MATE) are only transferred to the two editions Linux Mint and LMDE if these are found to be sufficient have proven stable.

Desktop environments

The desktop environments mainly used by Linux Mint are Cinnamon and MATE. Versions with Xfce and KDE are also available, but these are not so extensively adapted and supported. Version 18.3 was also the last to be shipped with KDE.

MATE

Up to and including version 11 of Linux Mint, Gnome 2 only used a desktop environment. The version jump to Gnome 3 involved major changes. In order to meet different needs, there was a split in which MATE is further developed as a fork of Gnome 2, while Cinnamon integrated Gnome 3.

Cinnamon

In order to offer users the new functions of Gnome 3, but also a familiar look for the desktop, the Mint Gnome Shell Extensions (MGSE) were introduced, which provide a taskbar and a start menu. Since the MGSE were only plugins for the Gnome Shell, they soon reached their limits. Therefore it was decided to convert the MGSE into a fork of the Gnome Shell with the name Cinnamon (English for "cinnamon"), which was embedded from version 13 of Linux Mint.

Minimum system requirements

64-bit Linux Mint LMDE
minimum Recommended minimum Recommended
random access memory 1024 MB 2048 MB 768 MB 1024 MB
Hard drive space 15 GB 20 GB 5 GB 20 GB
Screen resolution 800 × 600 1024 × 768 800 × 600 1024 × 768
32-bit Linux Mint LMDE
minimum Recommended minimum Recommended
random access memory 512 MB 1024 MB 512 MB 1024 MB
Hard drive space 9 GB 20 GB 5 GB 20 GB
Screen resolution 800 × 600 1024 × 768 800 × 600 1024 × 768
Processor without PAE unsupported fully supported

The above figures apply to the MATE and Cinnamon desktop environments. LMDE MATE and LMDE Cinnamon show the lowest main memory consumption of all editions with 282–285 MB immediately after installation. KDE, on the other hand, already requires a main memory of 2 GB.

32-bit x86 processors with Physical Address Extension (PAE) (from the Pentium Pro or Athlon ) as well as the 64-bit processor architecture AMD64 are supported by both Linux Mint editions. Some older 32-bit processors ( Pentium M ) from 2003/2004 do not indicate their support for PAE. Since Linux Mint "Qiana" and "Rebecca" there has been a special kernel parameter for this case that forces the installation.

All x86 processors prior to the Pentium Pro / Athlon generally do not support PAE. The main edition of Linux Mint from version 17.2 is unsuitable for these processors. The “Linux Mint Debian Edition”, however, supports processors without PAE “ out-of-the-box ” in the 32-bit version . LMDE is one of the few remaining options for equipping older computers with such processors with a current operating system.

Linux Mint (main edition)

There is also a special 64-bit OEM version (with Cinnamon) and a 32/64-bit no-codecs version ; the former allows distributors of computers to pre-install them on devices. The No-Codecs version (formerly USA-Japan Distribution, Light Edition or Universal Edition ) does not contain any proprietary or patented software, which means that multimedia support is practically eliminated. This is particularly suitable for users in countries where downloading a distribution with proprietary or patented software is prohibited. Adobe Flash has been replaced by Gnash , support for encrypted DVDs, Windows codecs, support for protected formats (for example MP3), Unrar and Sun Java is not available. The no-codecs version comes with the preconfigured desktop environments MATE or Cinnamon.

Since the end of May 2014, all versions from Linux Mint 17 onwards have been technically based exclusively on the LTS versions of Ubuntu, which are published every two years (previously, new Linux Mint versions were based on the regular Ubuntu editions published every six months). The code base of Linux Mint will therefore be based on the Ubuntu LTS version 16.04 LTS released in April 2016 for two years until 2018 . All Linux Mint intermediate versions based on the code base of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will be supported as LTS versions by the developers until April 2021 and will be regularly provided with security updates until then. In addition to these updates, there will be intermediate versions approximately every six months until the next Ubuntu LTS version is released in 2018 (Ubuntu 18.04 LTS). This means that users receive corrected versions of programs from the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS code base with a simplified upgrade mechanism. These intermediate versions also bring newer versions of Linux Mint's own developments (such as Cinnamon) as well as new versions of a limited selection of particularly popular programs and the Linux kernel. Fundamentally further developed and new program packages with new main version numbers will not be available again in Linux Mint until 2018, when Ubuntu 18.04 LTS appears. On the other hand, users do not have to do without newer hardware drivers and thus future-proof device compatibility; there is an automatic hinge mechanism developed by Ubuntu that provides the user with suitable drivers.

history

The versions listed here refer exclusively to the main edition of Linux Mint, which usually appear on the day of publication initially with the editions with the preconfigured desktop environments Cinnamon and MATE. All other editions of the main edition will mostly follow in the next few weeks. The non-numerical code names of the approximately half-yearly publications are female first names ending with "a", the first letters of which are alphabetically consecutive.

version Code name Base LTS publication End of support Kernel annotation
Older version; no longer supported: 1.0 Ada Kubuntu 6.06 ✘ August 27, 2006 - 2.6.15 First version
Older version; no longer supported: 2.0 Barbara Ubuntu 6.10 ✘ November 13, 2006 April 2008 2.6.17
Older version; no longer supported: 2.1 Bea ✘ December 20, 2006 Various improvements, especially in the area of ​​WLAN
Older version; no longer supported: 2.2 Bianca ✘ February 20, 2007 New menu and configuration program based on the SLED model
Older version; no longer supported: 3.0 Cassandra Ubuntu 7.04 ✘ May 30, 2007 October 2008 2.6.20
Older version; no longer supported: 3.1 Celena ✘ September 24, 2007 Various detail improvements; new (black) standard optics; no more automatic updates
Older version; no longer supported: 4.0 Daryna Ubuntu 7.10 ✘ November 15, 2007 April 2009 2.6.22 Various detail improvements; The semi-automatic update function taken over by Ubuntu has been completely removed and replaced by the native tool mintUpdate , which categorizes the updates in different trust levels and is intended to make updating easier for the user
Older version; no longer supported: 5 Elyssa Ubuntu 8.04 ✔ June 9, 2008 April 2011 2.6.24 Improvement of mintMenu (including new program deinstallation function), mintInstall (support for the software portal GetDeb.net ) and mintUpdate; first version with PulseAudio
Older version; no longer supported: 6th Felicia Ubuntu 8.10 ✘ December 15, 2008 April 2010 2.6.27 The Light Edition is now called Universal Edition and is now being released as a live DVD (and no longer a live CD); new software manager with screenshots and user reviews ; Gufw Firewall ; mint4win is a Windows installer based on Wubi from Ubuntu
Older version; no longer supported: 7th Gloria Ubuntu 9.04 ✘ May 26, 2009 October 2010 2.6.28
Older version; no longer supported: 8th Helena Ubuntu 9.10 ✘ November 28, 2009 April 2011 2.6.31
Older version; no longer supported: 9 Isadora Ubuntu 10.04 ✔ May 18, 2010 April 2013 2.6.32
Older version; no longer supported: 10 Julia Ubuntu 10.10 ✘ November 12, 2010 April 2012 2.6.35
Older version; no longer supported: 11 Katya Ubuntu 04/11 ✘ May 26, 2011 October 2012 2.6.38 The Unity graphical user interface, which was introduced in Ubuntu 11.04 , is not used; instead, Gnome 2.32 is still set. Both Unity and the Gnome Shell from the Gnome 3 series are included in the repositories and can also be installed if desired.
Older version; no longer supported: 12 Lisa Ubuntu 11.10 ✘ November 26, 2011 April 2013 3.0 Gnome 2 will be replaced by the Gnome 2 fork MATE and an adapted Gnome 3, DuckDuckGo as the standard search engine in Firefox.
Older version; no longer supported: 13 Maya Ubuntu 04/12 ✔ May 23, 2012 April 2017 3.2 There are four different editions with the interfaces KDE, Xfce, MATE and the new user interface Cinnamon . Yahoo will be an additional search engine installed by default.
Older version; no longer supported: 14th Nadia Ubuntu 10/12 ✘ November 20, 2012 May 2014 3.5 Surfaces MATE 1.4 as well as Cinnamon 1.6, KDE and Xfce, again optimized in memory requirements and with a widget function.
Older version; no longer supported: 15th Olivia Ubuntu 04/13 ✘ May 29, 2013 January 2014 3.8 X-Server 1.13, Mesa 9.1, interfaces Cinnamon 1.8, MATE 1.6, KDE 4.10, Xfce 4.10.
Older version; no longer supported: 16 Petra Ubuntu 10/13 ✘ November 30, 2013 July 2014 3.11 X-Server 1.14, Mesa 9.2, Cinnamon 2.0 interfaces with many improvements, MATE 1.6, KDE 4.11, Xfce 4.10; Operating system core: Linux 3.11; Various performance and design improvements of the Mint Display Manager (MDM 1.4), general speed optimizations for boot time, user login, software center and full screen applications
Older version; no longer supported: 17th Qiana Ubuntu 04/14 ✔ May 30, 2014 April 2019 3.13 X-Server 1.15, Mesa 10.1.3, support for Cinnamon 2.2 and MDM 1.6
Older version; no longer supported: 17.1 Rebecca November 29, 2014 X-Server 1.15, Mesa 10.1.3, Cinnamon 2.4, kernel information is more detailed, selectable folder colors, folder emblems, revision for Nemo
Older version; no longer supported: 17.2 Rafaela June 30, 2015 3.16 X-Server 1.15, Mesa 10.1.3, Cinnamon 2.6, MATE 1.10, Xfce 4.12
Older version; no longer supported: 17.3 pink 4th December 2015 3.19 X-Server 1.17, Mesa 10.5.9, Cinnamon 2.8, MATE 1.12, KDE 4.14, Xfce 4.12
Older version; still supported: 18th Sarah Ubuntu 04/16 ✔ June 30, 2016 April 2021 4.4 X-Server 1.18, Mesa 11.2.0, Cinnamon 3.0, MATE 1.14, KDE Plasma 5, Xfce 4.12
Older version; still supported: 18.1 Serena December 16, 2016 Cinnamon 3.2, MATE 1.16, KDE Plasma 5.8
Older version; still supported: 18.2 Sonya 2nd July 2017 (4.8) Cinnamon 3.4, MATE 1.18, KDE Plasma 5.8
Older version; still supported: 18.3 Sylvia November 27, 2017 4.10 Cinnamon 3.6, MATE 1.18, KDE Plasma 5.8
Older version; still supported: 19th Tare Ubuntu 04/18 ✔ June 29, 2018 April 2023 4.15 GTK 3.22
Older version; still supported: 19.1 Tessa 19th December 2018 Cinnamon 4.0, Mate 1.20, Xfce 4.12
Older version; still supported: 19.2 Tina 2nd August 2019 Cinnamon 4.2, Mate 1.22, Xfce 4.12
Older version; still supported: 19.3 Tricia 18th December 2019 5.0 Cinnamon 4.4, XFCE 4.14
Current version: 20th Ulyana Ubuntu 04/20 ✔ June 27, 2020 April 2025 5.4 Cinnamon 4.6.6, Mate 1.24, Xfce 4.14

First Linux Mint version, which is only published with the 64-bit version. In addition, the Ubuntu software package Snap is not used.

Legend:
Older version; no longer supported
Older version; still supported
Current version
Current preliminary version
Future version

Older versions of Linux Mint, referred to as Community Editions , also offered a LXDE desktop environment specially optimized for Mint , based on the Lubuntu version of Ubuntu, as well as a preconfigured version with Fluxbox .

Linux Mint Debian Edition

The "Linux Mint Debian Edition" (LMDE) is a second edition of Linux Mint. LMDE is similar in philosophy and appearance to the main release of Linux Mint and is supposed to offer the same functionality, but is based on the Debian distribution . Again, since Debian is the distribution on which Ubuntu is based (which forms the basis of the main release of Linux Mint), the code base differences between the two releases of Linux Mint are not always particularly great. However, LMDE is not compatible with Ubuntu and uses program packages that come from the package directories of the Debian distribution. A "cross-upgrade" between the two editions of Linux Mint is not possible. Like the main edition of Linux Mint, LMDE also uses the in-house developments of Linux Mint, u. a. these are the desktop environments Cinnamon and MATE.

According to the developers of Linux Mint, some of the main reasons to release a second Linux Mint edition - LMDE - based on Debian were:

  • Reduced dependence on decisions made by Ubuntu developers
  • "Unsafe" Ubuntu upgrades
  • Debian is "much faster than Ubuntu" ("much faster than Ubuntu")
  • Debian requires fewer resources than Ubuntu
  • In contrast to Ubuntu (and some other x86-based Linux distributions), Debian maintains hardware compatibility with older x86-based 32-bit systems.

In the beginning of 2010, LMDE was initially viewed by the Linux Mint developers as an experiment, which was pursued further because it met with a good response. At that time, LMDE was based on Debian Testing , a semi-stable edition of Debian, which, despite the constant flow of current program packages, was expected to be more stable than regular Ubuntu releases. LMDE was initially designed as a rolling release distribution, i.e. H. New program versions flowed permanently into the LMDE package directory. Since this approach did not work, a "semi-rolling release" was adopted in 2011, with at least one DVD print and two "update packs" per year to ensure the integrity of the LMDE code base on the LMDE users' computers to guarantee. In March 2014 the final update pack for LMDE was released (Update Pack 8 or LMDE 201403); there will be no more updates from "Debian Testing". Instead, LMDE has been upgraded.

On April 10, 2015, LMDE 2.0 (code name “Betsy”) was released, which is based on the Debian stable (Debian 8.0 “Jessie”) that was current at the time . Debian Stable also receives LTS support, similar to Ubuntu LTS. With this, LMDE made a very similar move towards stable package sources like the main edition of Linux Mint. The basic advantages of using Debian over Ubuntu (such as speed, stability) should be retained. In contrast to the parent distribution Debian 8.0 "Jessie", the init system SysVinit is preset in LMDE 2.0 .

In addition, future interim versions of LMDE 2.x should contain security updates and corrected versions as well as generally larger updates for popular applications. In addition, drivers for new hardware are periodically made available along with corrected Linux kernels to ensure maximum hardware compatibility. LMDE 2.x uses the regular update mechanism of Debian Stable , which only provides security updates. The Mint project itself has made new versions of applications available from the Mozilla Firefox web browser , the Mozilla Thunderbird e-mail client and the system's own utilities; in addition, the desktop environment is updated promptly to the latest version. Updates of the kernel and other applications that go beyond pure security updates must be obtained from the backport repository of the Debian project and configured accordingly.

On March 13, 2017, the Mint project made new ISO images for LMDE 2.0 available (no new version number) that contain all previously released updates for the preconfigured software selection. The Cinnamon desktop environment is now version 3.2.

The new version LMDE 3 "Cindy" has been available as an ISO image in a 64-bit and a 32-bit version since August 31, 2018. An upgrade is possible without reinstallation.

history

The versions listed here refer exclusively to the periodically released ISO installation files of the "Linux Mint Debian Edition" (LMDE) of Linux Mint. A real version numbering with code names did not begin until 2015. From 2012, two 32-bit and 64-bit editions with the preconfigured desktop environments Cinnamon and MATE appeared on the respective publication date. With LMDE 3, the two MATE editions were omitted.

version Code name Base publication Comments / innovations
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE --- Debian Testing "Wheezy" September 7, 2010 First publication, using a 32-bit ISO file.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 201012 --- December 24, 2010 A 64-bit ISO file comes in; in addition to the 32-bit ISO file.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 201109 --- September 16, 2011 Contains update packs "1" and "2" and ensures compatibility with non-PAE processors.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 201204 --- April 24, 2012 Contains the update packs “3” and “4”, the latter with Cinnamon and MATE for the first time. For the first time, 4 ISOs are published, with MATE or Cinnamon as a preconfigured desktop environment, one 32-bit and one 64-bit each.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 201303 --- Debian Testing "Jessie" 22th of March 2013 Contains the update packs "5" and "6".
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 201403 --- March 2, 2014 Contains update packs "7" and "8". Cinnamon comes in a new version 2.0 and for the first time requires more than 500 MB (768 MB) during installation. No more update packs, no more "semi-rolling" updates.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 2.0 Betsy Debian 8.0 "Jessie" April 10, 2015 First version based on the reference distribution "Debian Stable". Comes with Cinnamon 2.4.
Older version; no longer supported:   March 13, 2017 Updated installation media with all previously released updates. Comes with Cinnamon 3.2.
Older version; no longer supported: LMDE 3.0 Cindy Debian 9.0 "Stretch" August 31, 2018 Comes with Cinnamon 3.8
Current version: LMDE 4.0 Debbie Debian 10 "Buster" March 20, 2020 Cinnamon 4.4.8
Legend:
Older version; no longer supported
Older version; still supported
Current version
Current preliminary version
Future version

criticism

mintUpdate

In the standard settings of the supplied update management mintUpdate , existing updates of central core components of Linux Mint have been hidden. The program was different here between "non-secure updates" (Level 4 u a.. X.Org server , D-Bus , Mesa 3D , systemd / Upstart ) and "dangerous Updates" (Level 5 u a.. Linux kernel , GRUB ), the "possibly" or "known" to have a negative impact on the stability of the system.

This behavior also included security updates, as a result of which a system operated with default settings had permanently known security gaps . This led to a controversy about the security of Linux Mint in November 2013, triggered by critical contributions from developers of the parent distribution Ubuntu.

Linux Mint defended this behavior on the grounds that the balancing of stability and security in Linux Mint was "a feature that had to be configured" and that Linux Mint wanted to focus on stability instead of security in the standard settings.

Until Linux Mint 17.3 this behavior was kept unchanged. Since June 2016 (Linux Mint 18) the user has been asked to select an "update policy" the first time he uses mintUpdate . The configuration recommended for "inexperienced users" still hides security updates, only the configuration for "experienced users" does not. With the revision of mintUpdate in July 2017 (Linux Mint 18.2), security and kernel updates are displayed by default, but are not automatically selected for installation. With Linux Mint 19 (June 2018), together with the introduction of the snapshot function, mintUpdate was revised and the classification of updates in levels was removed. Since then, all updates have been automatically selected for installation. In addition, a fully automatic update of the system is now also possible without user intervention.

Linux mint hack

The Linux Mint website was attacked on February 20, 2016. Download links to ISO images of the distribution were manipulated, so that some editions of the Linux Mint 17.3 Cinnamon Edition were delivered with a backdoor on that day . In addition, over 70,000 forum accounts were hijacked, putting forum users at risk if their forum password was the same as their email password or the password they used on another website.

As a reaction to the attacks, many restrictions were set up on the Linux Mint servers to protect them and most of the project's websites were converted to HTTPS . The verification of the ISO images should be made more precise through the publication of SHA-256 checksums and GPG information. Critics accused the project operators of reacting too late to the problems and not taking enough measures to thwart another attack.

Proprietary and unfree components

Linux Mint is criticized by representatives of the Free Software Foundation , in particular Richard Stallman , for its handling of proprietary operating system components . Because Linux Mint has no policy against the inclusion of non-free software, it ships non-free programs, codecs, and binary blobs in kernel drivers, which advocates of the free software movement see as a restriction on the freedom of the user. The project operators responded to the criticism by no longer delivering some codecs as standard from version Linux Mint 18 onwards, but instead offer them for installation via the package sources, similar to Ubuntu.

literature

  • Dirk Becker: Linux Mint 19 - The practical introduction. 3rd, updated and expanded edition. Rheinwerk Verlag, 2018, ISBN 978-3-8362-6504-1 (book + EPUB)
  • Tim Schürmann: Linux Mint - Installation . Open Source Press, 2013, ISBN 978-3-95539-007-5 (EPUB)
  • Tim Schürmann: Linux Mint - First Steps . Open Source Press, 2013, ISBN 978-3-95539-007-5 (EPUB)

Web links

Commons : Linux Mint  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Download - Linux Mint. Retrieved January 19, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Linx Mint discontinues KDE output. Retrieved January 19, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Unofficial Linux Mint 19.3 LXDE released. Retrieved June 21, 2020 .
  4. ↑ linuxmint.com
  5. ^ Clément Lefèbvre: il a lancé Linux Mint Linux. Retrieved April 12, 2017 (French).
  6. ↑ a b Clem: Linux Mint will in future be based exclusively on the current Ubuntu LTS code base, announced on May 14, 2014. In: The Linux Mint Blog. May 14, 2014, accessed May 16, 2014 .
  7. ^ A b c Clem: News - LMDE switching to Debian Stable. In: The Linux Mint Blog. August 7, 2014, accessed December 3, 2014 .
  8. ↑ a b Arindam Sen: Linux Mint 17.1 “Rebecca” Mate Review: Simply awesome performance. In: MyLinuxExplore Blog. December 7, 2014, accessed December 10, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Clem: Introducing Cinnamon, announced January 2, 2012. In: The Linux Mint Blog. January 2, 2012, accessed February 1, 2015 .
  10. ↑ Christopher von Eitzen: Clement Lefebvre: The man behind Linux Mint. In: networkworld.com. October 21, 2013, accessed February 1, 2015 .
  11. ↑ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols: Best Linux desktop of 2014: Linux Mint 17.1. In: ZDNet. December 9, 2014, accessed December 10, 2014 .
  12. ↑ Scott Gilbertson: Linux Mint 17.1 review - less change is good change. In: Ars Technica. December 8, 2014, accessed December 10, 2014 .
  13. ↑ Linux Mint - Monthly News October 2017. Retrieved December 4, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Linux Mint 18.3 “Sylvia” MATE released! - The Linux Mint Blog. Retrieved November 27, 2017 (American English).
  15. ↑ a b Clem: Publication LMDE 201403 Comments. In: The Linux Mint Blog. March 2, 2014, accessed December 8, 2014 .
  16. ^ Clem: Publication Rebecca. In: The Linux Mint Blog. November 29, 2014, accessed December 8, 2014 .
  17. ↑ Arindam Sen: Linux Mint 201403 "Debian" Review. In: Linux Explore Blog. March 8, 2014, accessed December 11, 2014 .
  18. ↑ Silviu Stahie: Linux Mint 17 “Qiana” OEM Edition Available for Download. In: Linux & Opensource Blog. Softpedia, June 11, 2014, accessed on June 14, 2014 (English): "After an OEM installation, the computer is set in such a way [...]"
  19. ↑ a b Clem: Preview of the intermediate version Linux Mint 17.1 "Rebecca", based on the current Ubuntu 14.04 LTS code base. In: The Linux Mint Blog. September 15, 2014, accessed December 3, 2014 .
  20. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Linux Mint Releases. (No longer available online.) In: The Linux Mint Blog. Archived from the original on December 17, 2013 ; accessed on December 8, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.linuxmint.com
  21. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Bea is out! forums.linuxmint.com, December 20, 2006, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  22. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Bianca is out! forums.linuxmint.com, February 20, 2007, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  23. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Cassandra is out! forums.linuxmint.com, May 30, 2007, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  24. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Celena is out! blog.linuxmint.com, September 24, 2007, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  25. ^ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 4.0 Daryna. blog.linuxmint.com, November 17, 2007, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  26. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 5 Elyssa officially released! blog.linuxmint.com, June 9, 2008, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  27. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 6 “Felicia” released! blog.linuxmint.com, December 18, 2008, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  28. ↑ What's new in Linux Mint 6 Felicia? Retrieved December 15, 2008 .
  29. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 7 “Gloria” released! blog.linuxmint.com, May 26, 2009, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  30. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 8 “Helena” released! blog.linuxmint.com, November 28, 2009, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  31. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 9 “Isadora” released! blog.linuxmint.com, May 18, 2010, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  32. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 10 “Julia” released! blog.linuxmint.com, November 12, 2010, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  33. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 11 “Katya” released! blog.linuxmint.com, May 26, 2011, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  34. ↑ Linux Mint 11: New Ubuntu derivative with old Gnome version , Netzwelt.de, accessed on July 28, 2011.
  35. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 12 “Lisa” released! blog.linuxmint.com, November 26, 2011, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  36. ↑ Linux Mint 12 Preview. November 4, 2011, accessed November 5, 2011 .
  37. ↑ Clement Lefebvre: Linux Mint 13 “Maya” released! blog.linuxmint.com, May 23, 2012, accessed December 8, 2015 .
  38. ^ Clem: Latest News (about Linux Mint 13). In: The Linux Mint Blog. April 19, 2012, accessed May 3, 2012 .
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  82. ↑ Linux Mint 19.3 “Tricia” Cinnamon released! - The Linux Mint Blog. Retrieved December 19, 2019 (American English).
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  85. ↑ Linux Mint 20 “Ulyana” Cinnamon released! Retrieved June 27, 2020 (American English).
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  100. ↑ LMDE 2 “Betsy” Cinnamon released!
  101. ↑ New ISO images for LMDE 2 “Betsy”
  102. ↑ LMDE 3 “Cindy” Cinnamon released!
  103. ↑ LMDE 4 Beta officially released
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  110. ↑ Linux Mint: Ubuntu developer warns of risks. (No longer available online.) Chip Online , November 19, 2013, archived from the original on December 20, 2015 ; Retrieved December 7, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.chip.de
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