Lipnica Wielka
| Lipnica Wielka | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lesser Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Nowotarski | ||
| Gmina : | Lipnica Wielka | ||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 29 ' N , 19 ° 38' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Postal code : | 34-483 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 18 | ||
| License plate : | KNT | ||
Lipnica Wielka ( Slovak Dolná Lipnica, Nižná Lipnica , Hungarian Alsó-Lipnicza ) is a village in the powiat Nowotarski of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with almost 6000 inhabitants.
geography
Lipnica Wielka is located at the foot of the mountain Babia Góra (German witch's mountain or devil's peak ), on the Lipnica brook.
history
The place is in the Arwa landscape , which belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary until 1918 . Originally, today's villages Lipnica Wielka (Dolna) and Lipnica Mała (Górna) were the only villages founded on the initiative of the owner of the Arwa, Georg Thurzo , around the end of the 16th century or in the early 17th century and first mentioned in 1609 . Shortly thereafter, the village was divided into two parts with its own foundation privileges. Lipnica Wielka was first mentioned as Lipnica Niżna in 1615 . The first mayor and probably the founder was Michał Śmietana. The first settlers came from Poland, from the area from Żywiec (Saybusch) to Jordanów . The place was destroyed by the Kuruc von Emmerich Thököly in the years 1678 to 1683 and in 1683 by the troops of Kazimierz Sapieha marching to Vienna .
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Reformation took place in Arwa and the village belonged to the Lutheran community in Jabłonka. In 1627 a Lutheran church was built. The Catholics were served by priests from Poland. From 1651 they belonged to the parish in Orawka , and in 1724 the local church, which became a branch church of Orawka, took over. Its own parish was established in 1757 (in the Archdiocese of Esztergom , since 1776 Diocese of Spiš , since 1920 Diocese of Krakow ).
In the 19th century, Slovak became the language of the church and schools, but the local Gorals spoke Goral , a dialect of Polish descent. In 1897 Polish activists started national agitation. In 1910 the Hungarian administration followed the Polish request for the first time in the census and Goral was considered Polish. In that year the village had 2634 inhabitants, 9 of them Hungarian-speaking, 22 German-speaking, 2603 foreign-speaking (of which 2585 or 98.1% Polish-speaking), 2613 Roman Catholic, 21 Jews.
In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, the village became part of the newly formed Czechoslovakia. Due to the Czechoslovakian-Polish border conflicts in the Arwa area, the southern part of the town was then assigned to the Second Polish Republic in 1920. The northern part remained in Czechoslovakia. Between the years 1920 and 1925 the village belonged to the powiat Spisko-Orawski , from July 1, 1925 to the powiat Nowotarski. Only in 1924 the Czechoslovak part was exchanged for Suchá Hora (Sucha Góra) and Hladovka (Głodówka). In 1921 the predicted Polish part of the village had 370 houses with 1585 inhabitants, of which 1572 were Poles, 5 Jews (nationality), 8 other nationalities (mostly Slovaks), 1577 Roman Catholic, 8 Jews (religion).
From 1939 to 1945 the village became part of the Slovak State . It was not until 1947 that Czechoslovakia finally dropped its claims to the area.
From 1975 to 1998 Lipnica Wielka was part of the Nowy Sącz Voivodeship .
Attractions
- Church, built 1762–1769
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Lipnica Wielka includes other villages with school offices.
Personalities
- Piotr Borowy (* 1858 in Rabča , † 1932 in Lipnica Wielka), Polish national activist
- Šarlota Alexyová (1906–1968), Slovak poet and artist.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Stanisław Figiel, Urszula Janicka-Krzywda, Piotr Krzywda, Wojciech W. Wiśniewski: Beskid Żywiecki. Przewodnik . Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz", Pruszków 2006, ISBN 83-8918859-7 , p. 376-379 (Polish).
- ↑ a b Marek Skawiński: Spis ludności na Orawie Polskiej w 1910 r. In: Orawa . tape 37 , 1999, ISSN 1233-4200 , p. 95-115 ( malopolska.pl ).
- ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Województwo krakowskie i Śląsk Cieszyński . Warszawa 1925 (Polish, online [PDF]).
- ↑ Dz.U. 1975 no 17 poz. 92 (Polish) (PDF file; 783 kB)
- ↑ Šára Alexy, príp. Šarlota Alexy, Šára Alexyová