List of ISS commanders
The list of ISS commanders shows all previous commanders of the International Space Station .
Expeditions and command posts
Since the International Space Station went into operation in autumn 2000, the permanent crew has consisted of two to six people, including the ISS commander as the head of the team. The operation of the space station is divided into periods called "expeditions". The ISS command is handed over to the next commander in a traditional ceremony before the end of an expedition ( change of command ). Due to this handover time before the end of the expedition - not necessarily on the same day - the periods of command and expeditions are similar, but not identical.
Up to expedition 12 , an expedition and therefore a command post lasted about six months, with initially three and later two crew members flying together to the ISS and then returning from there together. When the crew strength increased from two to three space travelers with the ISS Expedition 13 , the third crew member reached the ISS independently of the two with a space shuttle and belonged to two expeditions in succession in overlapping times. In these cases, an ISS spaceman was on board earlier than his future commander.
Since Expedition 20 , the ISS crew has normally consisted of six people and each spaceman takes part in two successive expeditions. Although the flight times of the astronauts are still around six months, the duration of the expedition and thus the duration of the command are reduced to around two to four months.
List of commanders
The day of the official handover of control is indicated in US time (usually EDT / EST ) or coordinated universal time (UTC). Since no times are taken into account, the actual duration of the command offices can differ by one day from the specified time periods.
For the sake of simplicity, the commanders are only assigned to the expeditions in which the vast majority of their term of office falls. In fact, they took over command shortly before the end of the previous expedition.
Exp. | Surname | Country | Beginning | Days ± 1 | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | William Shepherd |
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Nov 2, 2000 | 137 | first commander of the ISS, crew consisted of three people |
2 | Yuri Usachev |
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19 Mar 2001 | 151 | |
3 | Frank Culbertson |
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Aug 17, 2001 | 117 | |
4th | Yuri Onufrijenko |
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Dec 12, 2001 | 180 | Former Mir Commandant (1996) |
5 | Valery Korsun |
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June 10, 2002 | 172 | former Mir-Commander (1996-97) |
6th | Kenneth Bowersox |
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Nov 29, 2002 | 155 | |
7th | Yuri Malenchenko |
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May 3, 2003 | 174 | The crew was reduced to two after the Columbia disaster . |
8th | Michael Foale |
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Oct. 24, 2003 | 185 | |
9 | Gennadi Padalka |
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Apr. 26, 2004 | 179 | |
10 | Leroy Chiao |
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Oct 22, 2004 | 182 | |
11 | Sergei Krikalev |
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Apr 22, 2005 | 169 | |
12 | William S. McArthur |
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Oct 8, 2005 | 182 | |
13 | Pavel Vinogradov |
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Apr 8, 2006 | 172 | In the course of the expedition the crew was increased again to three people. |
14th | Michael López-Alegría |
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27 Sep 2006 | 202 | Longest ISS command to date |
15th | Fyodor Yurchikhin |
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Apr 17, 2007 | 185 | |
16 | Peggy Whitson |
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Oct 19, 2007 | 181 | first female ISS commander |
17th | Sergei Volkov |
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Apr 17, 2008 | 188 | first spaceman to take command of the ISS on his maiden flight |
18th | Edward Fincke |
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Oct 22, 2008 | 162 | |
19th | Gennadi Padalka |
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Apr 2, 2009 | 57 | First spaceman to take on a second ISS command. Expansion of the team to six people with Expedition 20; the command changes when half the crew is replaced. |
20th | May 29, 2009 | 133 | |||
21st | Frank De Winne |
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Oct 9, 2009 | 46 | first Belgian commandant; Shortest ISS command to date |
22nd | Jeffrey Williams |
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Nov 24, 2009 | 113 | |
23 | Oleg Kotov |
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17th Mar 2010 | 75 | |
24 | Alexander Skvortsov |
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May 31, 2010 | 114 | |
25th | Douglas Wheelock |
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22 Sep 2010 | 63 | |
26th | Scott Kelly |
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Nov 24, 2010 | 110 | |
27 | Dmitri Kondratiev |
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14 Mar 2011 | 69 | |
28 | Andrei Borisenko |
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May 22, 2011 | 115 | |
29 | Mike Fossum |
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Sep 14 2011 | 67 | |
30th | Dan Burbank |
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Nov 20, 2011 | 157 | |
31 | Oleg Kononenko |
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Apr 25, 2012 | 65 | |
32 | Gennadi Padalka |
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June 29, 2012 | 78 | |
33 | Sunita Williams |
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Sep 15 2012 | 63 | |
34 | Kevin Ford |
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Nov 17, 2012 | 116 | |
35 | Chris Hadfield |
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13 Mar 2013 | 60 | first Canadian commander |
36 | Pavel Vinogradov |
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May 12, 2013 | 120 | |
37 | Fyodor Yurchikhin |
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Sep 9 2013 | 62 | |
38 | Oleg Kotov |
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Nov 10, 2013 | 119 | |
39 | Kōichi Wakata |
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9 Mar 2014 | 64 | first Japanese commander |
40 | Steven Swanson |
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May 12, 2014 | 120 | |
41 | Maxim Surayev |
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Sep 9 2014 | 60 | |
42 | Barry Wilmore |
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Nov 8, 2014 | 122 | |
43 | Terry Virts |
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10 Mar 2015 | 92 | |
44 | Gennadi Padalka |
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June 10, 2015 | 87 | |
45 | Scott Kelly |
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5th Sep 2015 | 97 | Long term stay |
46 | Dec 11, 2015 | 80 | |||
47 | Timothy copra |
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Feb. 29, 2016 | 109 | |
48 | Jeff Williams |
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17th June 2016 | 80 | |
49 | Anatoly Ivanishin |
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5th Sep 2016 | 53 | |
50 | Shane Kimbrough |
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Oct 28, 2016 | 163 | |
51 | Peggy Whitson |
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Apr 9, 2017 | 53 | Peggy Whitson took part in Expedition 52 as a flight engineer after her command post. |
52 | Fyodor Yurchikhin |
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June 1, 2017 | 92 | |
53 | Randolph Bresnik |
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Sep 1 2017 | 103 | |
54 | Alexander Missurkin |
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Dec 13, 2017 | 75 | |
55 | Anton Schkaplerow |
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Feb. 26, 2018 | 95 | |
56 | Andrew Feustel |
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June 1, 2018 | 124 | |
57 | Alexander Gerst |
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Oct 3, 2018 | 76 | first German commander |
58 | Oleg Kononenko |
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Dec 18, 2018 | 87 | Substitution of Alexei Ovchinin as commander of Expedition 58 after a false start of Soyuz MS-10 |
59 | 15th Mar 2019 | 101 | |||
60 | Alexei Ovchinin |
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June 24, 2019 | 100 | instead of - as originally planned - Expedition 58 |
61 | Luca Parmitano |
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Oct 2, 2019 | 126 | first Italian and first southern European commander |
62 | Oleg Skripochka |
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Feb 5, 2020 | 70 | |
63 | Chris Cassidy |
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Apr 15, 2020 |
See also
- List of ISS expeditions
- List of spacemen on the International Space Station
- List of manned missions to the International Space Station
Individual evidence
- ↑ Soyuz TM-31 in the Encyclopedia Astronautica , accessed on September 28, 2019 (English).
- ↑ Usachyov, Yuri Vladimirovich in the Encyclopedia Astronautica, accessed on September 28, 2019 (English).
- ↑ a b Culbertson, Frank Lee Jr in the Encyclopedia Astronautica, accessed on September 28, 2019 (English). The takeover by Culbertson on August 17, 2001 and 117 days in the command post resulted in a handover to Onufrijenko on December 12.
- ↑ STS-111. NASA, accessed September 29, 2019 .
- ↑ ISS: Expedition 6 on Spacefacts.de, accessed on September 29, 2019.
- ↑ International Space Station Status Report # 03-21 . NASA, May 4, 2003.
- ^ Mission Status Center . Spaceflight Now, October 24, 2003.
- ↑ Space station crews transfer commands . NBC News, April 28, 2004.
- ^ Expedition 9 crew heading home after the 6-month mission . Spaceflight Now, October 22, 2004.
- ↑ The ARRL Letter , Vol. 24, No. 16th American Radio Relay League , April 22, 2005.
- ↑ NASA Space Station On-Orbit Status October 9, 2005 . NASA, October 11, 2005.
- ↑ The ARRL Letter, Vol. 25, No. 14 . American Radio Relay League, April 7, 2006.
- ^ Expedition 13 crew heads back to Earth in phys.org . United Press International, September 28, 2006.
- ^ Tariq Malik: Weather Delays Space Station Crew's Landing . Space.com, April 18, 2007.
- ^ First Woman Station Commander Arrives for Historic Spaceflight . NASA, 2017.
- ^ William Harwood: Station crew OK after Soyuz capsule lands short of target . Spaceflight Now, April 19, 2008.
- ^ ISS Expedition 17/18 Change of Command Ceremony . Collectspace, Youtube video from October 22, 2008.
- ^ William Harwood: Weather causes one-day delay in Soyuz landing . Spaceflight Now, April 5, 2009.
- ↑ ISS: Expedition 20 on Spacefacts.de, accessed on September 29, 2019.
- ↑ Doug Messier: Laliberte, ISS Crew Prepare for Departure as ESA Astronaut Assumes Command . Parabolic Arc, October 10, 2009.
- ↑ ISS: Expedition 21 on Spacefacts.de, accessed on September 30, 2019.
- ^ ISS Change of Command as Russian American Crew readies Earth return . Universe Today, March 17, 2010.
- ^ Change of Command on ISS . NASA video on Youtube, March 25, 2017.
- ^ Space Station Command Changes Hands . NASA video on Youtube, September 22, 2009.
- ↑ Ralf Möllenbeck: Transfer of command and a lift . Raumfahrer.net, November 25, 2010.
- ^ ISS Change of Command Marked by Ceremony . NASA video on Youtube, March 14, 2011.
- ^ William Harwood: Space station change-of-command ceremony . CBS News, September 22, 2011.
- ^ NASA's Fossum Given ISS Command . NASA video on Youtube, September 14, 2011.
- ↑ Pete Harding: Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft returns to Earth with three crewmembers . Nasaspaceflight.com, November 21, 2011.
- ^ Station Change of Command Ceremony . NASA video on Youtube, April 25, 2012.
- ^ ISS Command Changes Hands . NASA video on Youtube, June 29, 2012.
- ↑ ISS Helm's Handoff . NASA video on Youtube, September 15, 2012.
- ^ New Command on ISS . NASA video on Youtube, November 17, 2012.
- ^ Robert Pearlman: Canada in Charge: Astronaut Becomes 1st Canadian Space Station Commander . Space.com, March 14, 2013.
- ^ Transfer of Command Ceremony from Hadfield to Vinogradov . Canadian Space Agency video on Youtube, May 12, 2013.
- ^ Station Change of Command Ceremony . NASA video on Youtube, September 9, 2013.
- ↑ Keith Cowing: Expedition 37 Crew and Olympic Torch Return to Earth . Spaceref, November 10, 2013.
- ^ Robert Pearlman: Kibo Commander: Koichi Wakata Becomes 1st Japanese to Command Space Station . Space.com, March 10, 2014.
- ^ Expedition 39/40 Change of Command Ceremony . NASA video on Youtube, May 12, 2014.
- ^ Expedition 40/41 Change of Command Aboard Station . NASA video on Youtube, September 9, 2014.
- ↑ Ben Evans: After Soyuz TMA-13M Landing, Expedition 42 Stands Primed for Ambitious Mission . AmericaSpace, Nov. 10, 2014.
- ^ William Harwood: Soyuz lands in Kazakhstan, returning international crew home . Spaceflight Now, March 12, 2015.
- ^ Space Station Live: Change of Command . NASA video, June 10, 2015.
- ^ William Harwood: Kelly assumes command of space station . Spaceflight Now, September 5, 2015.
- ↑ ISS: Expedition 46 on Spacefacts.de, accessed on September 29, 2019.
- ^ After nearly a year in space, Scott Kelly craves human contact . CTV News, February 29, 2016.
- ^ Astronaut Tim Peake touches down on earth after space mission . BBC, June 18, 2016.
- ↑ William Harwood: Station fliers return to Earth with flawless landing . CBS News, September 6, 2016.
- ^ Tomasz Nowakowski: Expedition 49 trio ready to leave International Space Station . Spaceflight Insider, October 29, 2016.
- ^ Sarah Lewin: First Female Space Station Commander Takes Helm Again: Watch Live Today . Space.com, April 9, 2017.
- ↑ Derek Richardson: Soyuz MS-03 crew returns to Earth after nearly 200 days in space . Spaceflight Insider, June 2, 2017.
- ↑ Ken Kremer: NASA's Peggy Whitson Safely Returns Home in Soyuz from Record Breaking Stay in Space . Universe Today, September 3, 2017.
- ^ ISS Expedition 53/54 Change of Command Ceremony (Bresnik hands over ISS command to Misurkin) . nasa.gov, accessed September 30, 2019.
- ↑ Christine Lunsford: Space Station Photos: Expedition 55 Crew in Orbit . Space.com, March 4, 2018.
- ^ William Harwood: One station crew heads home, another preps for launch . Spaceflight Now, June 2, 2018.
- ↑ Chris Gebhardt: Soyuz MS-08 lands as station crew to reduce to five people . Nasaspaceflight.com, October 4, 2018.
- ^ Derek Richardson: Home for Christmas: Soyuz MS-09 crew lands in Kazakhstan . Spaceflight Insider, December 20, 2018.
- ^ ISS: Expedition 59 . Spacefacts.de, accessed on September 29, 2019.
- ↑ Chris Bergin: Soyuz MS-11 returns ISS trio back to Earth . Nasaspaceflight.com, June 24, 2019.
- ↑ Expedition60 to Expedition 61 Change of Command Ceremony - October 2, 2019 . NASA video on Youtube, October 2, 2019.
- ↑ Stephen Clark: Live coverage: Space station crew readies for return to Earth . Spaceflight Now, February 6, 2019.
- ↑ Expedition 62 to 63 Change of Command Ceremony - April 15, 2020 . NASA video on Youtube, April 16, 2020.