ISS expedition 43

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Mission emblem
ISS Expedition 43 Patch.svg
Mission dates
Mission: ISS expedition 43
Crew: 6th
Rescue ships: Soyuz TMA-15M , Soyuz TMA-16M
Space station: International space station
Start: March 11, 2015, 10:44 PM UTC
Started by: Decoupling from Soyuz TMA-14M
The End: June 11, 2015, 10:20 UTC
Ended by: Decoupling from Soyuz TMA-15M
Duration: 91d 11h 36min
Team photo
v. l. To the right: Gennadi Padalka, Scott Kelly, Anton Schkaplerow, Samantha Cristoforetti, Michail Kornijenko and Terry Virts
v. l. To the right: Gennadi Padalka, Scott Kelly, Anton Schkaplerow, Samantha Cristoforetti, Michail Kornijenko and Terry Virts
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ISS Expedition 44

ISS Expedition 43 is the mission name for the 43rd long-term crew of the International Space Station (ISS). The mission began with the disengagement of the Soyuz TMA-14M spacecraft from the ISS on March 11, 2015. The end was marked by the disengagement of the Soyuz TMA-15M on June 11, 2015.

team

Additionally since March 28, 2015:

In September 2013 it became known that the originally nominated flight engineer Yuri Lontschakow had left the cosmonaut corps for financial reasons, later the then director of Roscosmos, Oleg Ostapenko , appointed him as head of the Yuri Gagarin cosmonaut training center . Gennadi Padalka, one of Roscosmos' most experienced cosmonauts, was appointed as a replacement.

Substitute team

Since Expedition 20, no official replacement team has been announced due to the permanent training for the six-person crew. Unofficially, the backup crews of the two Soyuz feeder spaceships TMA-15M and TMA-16M (see there) are considered substitute crews for Expedition 43. As a rule, these crews are deployed two missions later. However, the Soyuz TMA-16M replacement team was postponed due to the one-year ISS mission.

Mission description

The PMM during installation

For the first time on the ISS, crew members with Michail Kornijenko and Scott Kelly were extended to one year in order to better study the effects of long-term weightlessness with regard to a manned flight to Mars . Medical-biological investigations therefore also filled a large part of the research activities on board the space station. Furthermore, experiments in the areas of astronomy, atmospheric research, earth exploration, physics and technology were carried out.

As part of the Fluid Shift experiment, the effects of the shift of body fluids inside and outside the blood vessels in the upper part, especially the head, due to the lack of gravity were investigated. It causes u. a. a deformation of the eyeball due to higher internal pressure. Another long-term study called BioChem Profile recorded changes in human biochemistry during a stay in weightlessness in order to better assess future medical risks. The traces left by meteoroids when they enter the earth's atmosphere were recorded using a camera and spectrometer. The composition of the incoming particles can be derived from this (Meteor experiment). Another study looked at synthetic muscles, which are made from polymers and behave similarly to natural muscles. In the future, they could be used in robots in space and on earth.

After the false start of the Progress M-27M space transporter , the end of Expedition 43 was postponed from May 16 to June 11, 2015 in order to be able to research on the ISS with six space travelers as long as possible. With the unplanned extension to 199 days, ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti became the new record holder for the uninterrupted stay of women in orbit. The previous record was set by US astronaut Sunita Williams in 2006/2007.

In preparation for the installation of the new International Docking Adapter (IDA), the Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM) was moved forward from its old location on the Unity Nadir module to its new location on the Tranquility module on May 27, 2015 with the help of the Canadarm2 .

Freight traffic

The launch of the seventh Dragon freighter SpaceX CRS-6 took place on April 14th and was applied to Harmony Nadir on April 17th using the station manipulator . Casting and ditching took place on May 21st. Progress M-25M , which had already started at the end of October 2014, remained at the station until April 25, 2015, Progress M-26M until mid-August. The next planned Progress spacecraft M-27M did not reach the ISS at the end of April.

Orbit maneuvers

Orbit corrections with the engines of the coupled spacecraft Progress M-26M took place on March 19, April 2, April 23, May 6, May 18, May 28 and June 8. On March 19 the speed of the station was increased by 0.58 m / s and the mean orbit height by about 1 km, on April 2 by about 700 meters. On April 23, a fragment of the Meteor 2 satellite was evaded. On May 6, the engines ran for 693 seconds, raising the orbit by 2.3 km. A path correction planned for May 16 could not be carried out due to an error and was successfully made up for two days later with 4 control engines. The drive phase on May 18 therefore lasted 1922 seconds and increased the orbit height by 2.8 km. The correction (322 seconds, 0.3 m / s) took place on June 8th in order to avoid some space junk.

See also

Web links

Commons : ISS Expedition 43  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Future ISS expeditions. Spacefacts.de, May 14, 2015, accessed on May 14, 2015 .
  2. ↑ Юрий Лончаков покидает отряд космонавтов. September 6, 2013, Retrieved September 6, 2013 (Russian).
  3. ↑ Before the flight to the ISS: Russian cosmonaut quits his job. September 6, 2013, accessed September 6, 2013 .
  4. ↑ Russian cosmonaut due to command a flight to International Space Station quits to work for a gas company 'because his wife wants him to earn more money'. September 6, 2013, accessed September 12, 2013 .
  5. ↑ Yuri Lonchakov Has Been Appointed Head of Cosmonaut Training Center. Center for Operation of Space Ground-Based Infrastructure, April 9, 2014, accessed September 25, 2014 .
  6. ^ Expedition 43 - Mission Summary. NASA, March 11, 2015, accessed September 26, 2015 (Russian).
  7. ^ NASA: International Space Station Partners Adjust Spacecraft Schedule. In: NASA Press Release 15-091. May 12, 2015, accessed May 13, 2015 .
  8. ↑ ESA astronaut Cristoforetti new record holder in space. heise online, June 6, 2015, accessed on June 13, 2015 .
  9. ↑ Коррекция орбиты МКС. Roscosmos, March 19, 2015, accessed September 17, 2015 (Russian).
  10. ↑ Коррекция орбиты МКС. Roscosmos, May 18, 2015, accessed September 17, 2015 (Russian).
  11. ↑ внеплановая коррекция орбиты МКС. Roscosmos, June 8, 2015, accessed September 17, 2015 (Russian).