List of shoguns
This article is a listing of all the shoguns of Japan .
Shogun (dt. Schogun ) was until 1867 a high Japanese military title for leaders from the warrior nobility of the samurai , who had in fact taken power in Japan for a long time .
Shoguns of the Nara period and the Heian period (709–1184)
Surname | Life dates | Term of office |
---|---|---|
1. Kose no Maro | 709-709 | |
2. Tajinohi no Agatamori | 720-721 | |
3. Ōtomo no Yakamochi | circa 718-785 | 784-785 |
4. Ki no Kosami | 788-789 | |
5. Ōtomo no Otomaro | 731-809 | 793-794 |
6. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro | 758-811 | 797-808 |
7. Funya no Watamaro | 765-823 | 811-816 |
8. Fujiwara no Tadabumi | 873-947 | 940 |
Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1333)
After the Gempei War (1180–1185), the samurai of the Kamakura region had effectively taken power in Japan. The Shikken ( 執 権 ) was the regent for the Shogun and thus in turn de facto ruler of the Shogunate. The post was in the monopoly of the Hōjō clan.
Surname | Life dates | Reign |
---|---|---|
1. Minamoto no Yoritomo | 1147-1199 | 1192-1199 |
2. Minamoto no Yoriie | 1182-1204 | 1202-1203 |
3. Minamoto no Sanetomo | 1192-1219 | 1203-1219 |
4. Kujō Yoritsune | 1218-1256 | 1226-1244 |
5. Kujō Yoritsugu | 1239-1256 | 1244-1252 |
6. Prince Munetaka | 1242-1274 | 1252-1266 |
7. Prince Koreyasu | 1264-1326 | 1266-1289 |
8. Prince Hisaaki | 1276-1328 | 1289-1308 |
9. Prince Morikuni | 1301-1333 | 1308-1333 |
Kemmu restoration (1333–1336)
The Tennō Go-Daigo (1288-1339) tried to overthrow the Shogunate in 1333 and begin with a restoration of imperial power (the Kemmu Restoration ).
Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate (1338–1573)
Surname | Life dates | Reign |
---|---|---|
1. Ashikaga Takauji | 1305-1358 | 1338-1358 |
2. Ashikaga Yoshiakira | 1330-1367 | 1359-1367 |
3. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu | 1358-1408 | 1368-1394 |
4. Ashikaga Yoshimochi | 1386-1428 | 1395-1423 |
5. Ashikaga Yoshikazu | 1407-1425 | 1423-1425 |
6. Ashikaga Yoshinori | 1394-1441 | 1429-1441 |
7. Ashikaga Yoshikatsu | 1434-1443 | 1442-1443 |
8. Ashikaga Yoshimasa | 1436-1490 | 1449-1473 |
9. Ashikaga Yoshihisa | 1465-1489 | 1474-1489 |
10. Ashikaga Yoshitane | 1465-1522 | 1490-1493, 1508-1521 |
11. Ashikaga Yoshizumi | 1478-1511 | 1494-1508 |
12. Ashikaga Yoshiharu | 1511-1550 | 1521-1546 |
13. Ashikaga Yoshiteru | 1536-1565 | 1546-1565 |
14. Ashikaga Yoshihide | 1538-1568 | 1568 |
15. Ashikaga Yoshiaki | 1537-1597 | 1568-1573 |
Azuchi Momoyama Period (1573–1603)
Oda Nobunaga overthrew Ashikaga Shogunate in 1573. Toyotomi Hideyoshi reformed the empire in favor of the samurai.
Tokugawa or Edo Shogunate (1603-1867)
The Tokugawa founded the Edo Shogunate (1603-1867). Under the third Tokugawa Shogun, the office of Tairo was created, who originally served as Chairman of the Council ( rōjū ). In later times it developed into a regent position for the Shogun. After 1648, the office was only filled in times of crisis. The Tokugawa shogunate was overthrown when, with the Meiji Restoration in 1868, the Japanese turned back to the Tennō , the emperor, as ruler.
Surname | Life dates | Reign |
---|---|---|
1. Tokugawa Ieyasu | 1543-1616 | 1603-1605 |
2. Tokugawa Hidetada | 1579-1632 | 1605-1623 |
3. Tokugawa Iemitsu | 1604-1651 | 1623-1651 |
4. Tokugawa Ietsuna | 1641-1680 | 1651-1680 |
5. Tokugawa Tsunayoshi | 1646-1709 | 1680-1709 |
6. Tokugawa Ienobu | 1662-1712 | 1709-1712 |
7. Tokugawa Ietsugu | 1709-1716 | 1713-1716 |
8. Tokugawa Yoshimune | 1684-1751 | 1716-1745 |
9. Tokugawa Ieshige | 1712-1761 | 1745-1760 |
10. Tokugawa Ieharu | 1737-1786 | 1760-1786 |
11. Tokugawa Ienari | 1773-1841 | 1787-1837 |
12. Tokugawa Ieyoshi | 1793-1853 | 1837-1853 |
13. Tokugawa Iesada | 1824-1858 | 1853-1858 |
14. Tokugawa Iemochi | 1846-1866 | 1858-1866 |
15. Tokugawa Yoshinobu | 1837-1913 | 1866-1867 |
See also
literature
- Julius von Klaproth : Annales des empereurs du Japon . 1834 ( limited preview in Google Book search). (outdated; engl.)
- Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan (Eng.)