Louis Boëz

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Louis Boëz before his trip to Canada

Louis Boëz (born February 8, 1888 in Maroilles in the north , † March 24, 1930 in Đà Lạt , Indochina ) was a French medic and bacteriologist . We owe him microbiological discoveries in the early 20th century. Even more, he has translated the discoveries of other researchers of his era into useful laboratory practices. In particular, his name is linked to the internationalization of the Pasteur Institute .

Education and academic career

After studying at the University of Lille , where Louis Pasteur had previously been a professor, he worked as an external worker at the Hôpitaux from 1908 (comparable to a clinical semester) and was awarded his doctorate in 1910 as the best in his class. He then became a student of Albert Calmette , who was then head of the Pasteur Institute, where he received an assistant position in 1912. During the First World War he served in the French Army of the Orient until he was posted to the army’s bacteriological laboratories . Between the end of the war and the mid-1920s, his academic career developed to become a professor in the medical faculty of the University of Strasbourg and the board of directors of the Strasbourg Hygiene Institute located there .

Live and act

At the beginning of his professional life, Louis Boëz published his own observations on the sequelae of poisoning with nitrogen oxides, as well as a series of notes on topics such as spirochetosis , filterable viruses and methods of serodiagnosis in syphilis .

From 1920 onwards he worked with the French bacteriologist Amédée Borrel (namesake for borreliosis ) and the Swiss virologist André de Coulon on the study of tuberculosis bacteria , their environment , their ability to infect and changes in the toxicity of tuberculin . In doing so, he helped the tuberculin test to be used safely and widely.

With the same researchers, he investigated the effects of various metals and tar on cancerous tumors in mice , i.e. on the cancerous genetic make-up of such rodents. While still in Strasbourg, he began work on anaerobic microbes . In particular, he developed the anaerobic hemoculture known in laboratory diagnosis as an important milestone in the diagnosis of blood poisoning. On behalf of the Institute Pasteur, he participated in a mission that it in 1925 to the Rockefeller Institute of New York led to knowledge on the research by Peter K. Olitsky and Frederick L. Gates on newly discovered microbial elements in early stages epidemic occurring influenza and acute , severe rhinitis (from today's perspective a kind of severe acute respiratory syndrome . This exchange between American and French researchers was a complete success, which was expressed in joint works and publications - with Olitsky he demonstrated the effect of Bacteria Pneumosintes in lung tissue and published with him in 1927 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine four articles on the properties of foot and mouth disease .

In 1927, at the invitation of the Franco-Canadian Institute, Boëz held a series of conferences on bacteriology at the Universities of Montreal and Québec . It was just then that a serious typhoid epidemic broke out in Montreal and the available vaccine was quickly exhausted. L. Boëz organized the production of a live vaccine suitable for oral vaccination (4,000–5,000 units per day) in the clinical laboratory of the Notre Dame hospital in Montreal , which defeated the epidemic in a few weeks. The University of Montreal then saw itself compelled to found a bacteriological institute and L. Boëz to apply for the post of director. He only paused for a short time, as the board of directors of the Pasteur Institute gave him responsibility for a subsidiary in Indochina a short time later, so that from 1927 he succeeded François Guérin as director of the Pasteur Institute in Saigon and held it until 1930. Since that time, the ties that Louis Boëz made have been maintained, and his contributions to the rapid research into the causes and successful control of the typhoid epidemic of 1926 have established a long, productive tradition of Franco-Canadian science research and are to this day not least in the Canadian Louis Pasteur Foundation kept awake.

In addition to his administrative tasks, Louis Boëz continued his research work in Indochina. Together with J. Guillerm and H. Marneffe, he envisaged the treatment of leprosy by taking a soap based on mangosteen oil, which is rich in phytochemicals . He also researched the effects of the Vietnamese specialty Nuoc-mam , a fish sauce made from fermented toxins, and demonstrated the role of anaerobic flora in its production. He studied the germicidal effect of blood and improved the diagnosis of various blood diseases. On this occasion he perfected his previously discovered technique of anaerobic hemoculture. In 1928 he translated Gideon Wells' work The chemical aspects of immunity (Les aspects chimiques de l'immunité) , provided it with comments and published it at the publishing house Gaston Dion & Cie. In the following year, Emile Roux , director of the Pasteur Institute, appointed him Associate Director of the Pasteur Institute for Overseas (Institut Pasteur d'Outre-mer) and, in 1929, a seat on the Franco-Chinese commission to evaluate the establishment of an institute Pasteur in Shanghai . During his research on the germicidal properties of blood, he suffered blood poisoning caused by typhus bacilli, of which he died on March 24, 1930. His last article on the physico-chemical properties of immunity (Les théories physico-chimiques de l'immunité) was published posthumously . Joseph Mesnard succeeded him at the head of the Pasteur Institute in Saigon.

Publications

Louis Boëz has published with renowned researchers such as: A. Borrel, de Coulon, E. Duhot, Freysz, J. Guillerm, R. Keller, A. Kerlstadt, Lanzanby, L. Leclercq, H. Marneffe, PK Olitsky, Pautrier, L. Robin, J. Schreiber, Vaucher.

  • Les aspects chimiques de l'immunité / by H. Gideon Wells; traduit et annoté par le docteur L. Boëz, 1928.
  • Louis Boëz: Hygiène rurale, Strasbourg (1929).
  • L. Boëz, J. Schreiber: Les Bactériémies à “Bacillus perfringens” . Strasbourg (1927).

literature

  • August von Wassermann / Albert Neisser / Carl Bruck: A serodiagnostic reaction in syphilis . In: Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift , 48 (1906), pp. 745-746.
  • Jan Gordian Hubert: Comparison of four PCR methods for the detection of TrypanoSOma cruzi with regard to sensitivity and specificity with diagnostic evaluation in an endemic area . Munich 2005 ( PDF ).
  • PK Olitsky, FL Gates: Experimental Study of the Nasopharyngeal Secretions from Influenza Patients . New York, JAMA 74: 1497 (May 29) 1920.
  • H. Heubach: Bacterium Pneumosintes as a causative agent of post-traumatic meningitis . In: Klinische Wochenschrift , Volume 17, 1938, 271-273, doi : 10.1007 / BF01779877 .
  • Jean-Pierre Dedet: Les instituts pasteur d'outre-mer: Cent vingt ans… dans le monde . Harmattan Paris, 2001, 248 pages
  • Bernard (Noël), Louis Boëz: Archives of the Pasteur d'Indochine Institute . No. 11, 10 pp., 04/1930.
  • H. Gideon Wells: The Chemical Aspects of Immunity . New York, Chemical Catalog Co., 1929. 286 pp.
  • ARCHIVES OF THE INSTITUTE PASTEUR D'INDOCHINE, J GUILLERM, A BANOS et NGUYEN-VAN-LIEN, L SOUCHARD et RAMIJEAN
  • J. Guillerm, A. Banos et Nguyen-Van-Lien: Première Partie: Travaux de Recherches: L'utilisation de Krabao Indochinois pour le traitement de la lèpre (16 pp.) - Archives of the Pasteur d'Indochine Institute. N ° 18 October 1933. (Contentant entre autres).

Web links

Commons : Louis Boëz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Institut d'hygiène et TP dentaire - Université de Strasbourg: Plans de Campus
  2. ↑ August von Wassermann / Albert Neisser / Carl Bruck: A serodiagnostic reaction in syphilis. In: Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 48 (Leipzig, 1906), pp. 745-746.
  3. ↑ compare A. Foz and L. Arcalis, The Complement Fixation Reaction in the Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis in Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Volume 136, Number 1 (1952), 55-66, doi : 10.1007 / BF02152527 (English).
  4. ↑ For example Peter K. Olitsky and Louis Boëz: Studies on the Physical and Chamical Properties of the Virus of Foot- and Mouth Disease / III. Resistance to Chemicals . J Exp Med . New York, Strasbourg, 1927 (April 30); 45 (5): 815-831, PMC 2131239 (free full text), 1927, by The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York (English, French).
  5. ^ Bulletin of the Canadian Foundation Louis Pasteur Number Summer
personal data
SURNAME Boëz, Louis
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French medic and bacteriologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Maroilles
DATE OF DEATH March 24, 1930
Place of death Đà Lạt