Ludwig Lichtheim

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Ludwig Lichtheim

Ludwig Lichtheim (born December 7, 1845 in Breslau ; † January 13, 1928 in Bern ) was a German internist and neurologist .

life and work

Farewell to Lichtheim in 1912 in the lecture hall of the Medical Clinic of the University of Königsberg (see lit.)

Lichtheim came from a Jewish family. The father was a merchant in Breslau, where Ludwig Lichtheim attended the Maria-Magdalenen-Gymnasium from 1854 . After baptism and high school graduation in 1863, he studied medicine at the universities in Breslau , Zurich and Berlin . Here in 1867 - after military service in 1866 - he became Dr. med. PhD . During his studies in 1863 he became a member of the old Breslau fraternity of the Raczeks and in 1866 a member of the Teutonia Zurich fraternity . From 1869 to 1872 he was assistant to Hermann Lebert at the University Clinic in Breslau. When Robert Koch carried out experiments lasting several days with Ferdinand Julius Cohn in Breslau in 1876, Lichtheim and Karl Weigert were also present. A year followed at the surgical clinic in Halle (Saale) under Richard von Volkmann .

Then Lichtheim was back in Breslau until 1877 at the polyclinic under Lebert and Anton Biermer . In 1876 he received his habilitation and taught in Breslau as a private lecturer . In 1877 he went to Jena as an associate professor , where he also took over the management of the polyclinic. In 1878 he was appointed to the University of Bern as full professor for nosology and therapy and head of the university hospital . From 1882 to 1884 he was also the dean of the medical faculty here . The result of a collaboration with Carl Wernicke in 1885 was the 'Wernicke-Lichtheim-Modell'; it affects language processes. Hermann Sahli - the successor to Lichtheim in Bern - wrote in 1915:

"Lichtheim was friends with Koch and he personally initiated the bacteriological technology, which was still new at the time, so completely that he was able to use bacteriology in its entirety as an auxiliary science for the clinic."

Ludwig Lichtheim was 43 years old when he went to Königsberg in 1888 - in a position comparable to that in Bern . In the year 1900/01 he was elected rector of the University of Königsberg. In Königsberg he worked until 1912. Together with Adolf von Strümpell and Wilhelm Erb as well as Friedrich Schultze from Bonn, Lichtheim founded the German Journal of Neurology in 1891 . Lichtheim worked as an internal clinician. He was considered a promoter of bacteriology and a co-founder of neurology.

Services

Lichtheim is known for his conception of the separation between centers of the cerebral cortex and the nerve tracts connecting them , which is known today as the classical aphasia theory , published in 1884 and which can be damaged in isolation from one another. This results in a large number of damage patterns. It is still considered a didactic scheme today, but this exclusivity is no longer recognized in clinical use.

Publications (selection)

literature

  • Urs Boschung : Lichtheim, Ludwig. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Dominik Loogen: Aphasiology in the border area between psychology and drawing theory. The reception of the 'Wernicke-Lichtheim-Scheme' by Sigmund Freud and Ferdinand de Saussure. Master's thesis at the Chair of German Philology at RWTH Aachen University in 2003.
  • U. Boschung, K. Schopfer: Ludwig Lichtheim and Robert Koch. As the discovery of the tubercle bacillus became known in Switzerland (1882/1883). In: Swiss Medical Weekly. Volume 125, No. 37, 1995, pp. 1715-1725.

swell

  • Franz Menges:  Lichtheim, Richard. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , p. 466 f. ( Digitized version ). (briefly mentioned there)
  • Eberhard Wormer:  Matthes, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-00197-4 , p. 400 f. ( Digitized version ). (briefly mentioned there)
  • DBE (German Biographical Encyclopedia)
  • H. Vogt: The Medical University Clinic in Königsberg. East Prussian medical family 1964; Sommer, pp. 16–22. - The picture (Ostpreußische Ärztefamilie 1963; Sommer, p. 35) with the subtitle "Farewell Lecture by Privy Councilor Lichtheim" comes from a person from Israel who was shown in the picture and who expressly did not want to be named in 1963. A large number of the people present at the celebration are named in the appendix to the legend.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Directory of the old men of the German fraternity. Überlingen am Bodensee 1920, p. 35.
  2. ^ Ernst Elsheimer (ed.): Directory of the old fraternity members. Edition 1925/26. Frankfurt am Main 1925/26, p. 267.
  3. ↑ Uwe Henrik Peters : Dictionary of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology. 3. Edition. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1984, p. 314 - on Wb.-Lemma "classical aphasia teachings".

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lichtheim, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German internist and neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 7, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH January 13, 1928
Place of death Bern