Hermann Sahli

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Hermann Sahli (born May 23, 1856 in Bern , † April 28, 1933 in Bern) was a Swiss internist .

family

The family came from Wohlen in the canton of Bern. His father was a respected lawyer, government and state councilor, his grandfather a pastor and a well-known lichenologist ( lichen researcher ). From an early age Sahli was interested in the flora of his homeland, in natural science as such and in music. In 1888 he married Olga Leibundgut. The marriage had a daughter, Gertrud Erika Olga.

education and profession

He attended the literary high school in Bern, his preference was primarily for the natural sciences , mathematics and ancient languages. After graduation in 1874, he wanted to study chemistry at the university there, but chose medicine, which is better represented here. In 1878 Sahli passed the medical state examination. His teachers were the clinicians Heinrich Quincke and Ludwig Lichtheim (1845-1928), the surgeon Theodor Kocher and Theodor Langhans (1839-1915) in pathological anatomy .

Sahli initially worked as an assistant at the children's clinic in Bern, where he received his doctorate. He then moved to the medical clinic in Bern and soon afterwards went to Leipzig , where he worked experimentally and pathologically (development of pulmonary edema ) with Julius Cohnheim and histologically ( methylene blue staining) with Carl Weigert . In Leipzig he met Karl von Vierordt and Adolf von Strümpell, among others . Study trips to Vienna followed , where he received further training in the special subjects of laryngology , otology , ophthalmology and dermatology , to London to William R. Gowers and John Hughlings Jackson , and to Paris to Jean-Martin Charcot .

When he returned to Bern, he resumed his assistantship and qualified as a professor in internal medicine in 1882. In 1888 Lichtheim was appointed to Königsberg and Sahli succeeded him as full professor of internal medicine. He remained in this position until 1929.

power

Sahli haemometer for determining hemoglobin

Hermann Sahli was almost obsessed with medicine. Sahli's work stimulated significant advances in the field of circulatory physiology, and in the long years of his teaching and research activities he covered almost all areas of internal medicine.

He focused on the localization of the cores of the small muscles of the hand (Ankylostomumanämie in tunnel workers on Gotthard ), the methylene blue acid fuchsin -Doppelfärbung, accidental heart sounds , annular skin vascular ectasias ( Sahli vein ring ) and central nervous system effects on the gastric secretion , resulted salizylsaure phenol ester (Salole) entered medicine, suggested abdominal self- massage with iron balls for chronic constipation and in 1888 published a monograph on the pathology of infectious diseases .

Apparatus for the infusion of physiological saline solution according to Sahli (ca.1910)

He recommended in febrile diseases, the infusion of physiological saline solutions and described an infusion apparatus, spoke about appendicitis , brain surgical operations Vesikuläratmung explained properly and infused leech secretions for thrombosis prophylaxis .

Sahli's main work, the textbook on clinical examination methods , which made him internationally known, appeared for the first time in 1894 . Subsequently, he focused on the diagnosis of gastric function , hematology , tuberculosis , hemodynamics and neurology .

For the qualitative and quantitative assessment of gastric function, he developed methods with glutoid capsules (1898), desmoid capsules (1905), sample meals (soup sample breakfast) and throat probes . In 1902 he presented a hemoglobinometer ( Sahli hemometer ) with a very durable test solution (hydrochloric acid hematin ) and devoted himself extensively to the study of hemophilia (1905, 1910). In 1906 a monograph on tuberculin , tuberculosis cure and immunity was published.

Sahli investigated hemodynamic issues for almost two decades: He described a pocket mercury manometer with a pad for ambulatory blood pressure measurement (1904), developed the theory of the "absolute" sphygmogram (1904) to determine the maximum and minimum pressure, and dealt with it from 1907 to 1920 the peripheral measurement of the pulse energy (sphygmo- or volumbolometry) and the construction of an arteriometer for arterial caliber measurement .

In the neurological field he carried out pathological-anatomical examinations, examined neuroses (1922), believed in an anatomical substrate for hysteria and in a “special form of energy in the mind in a physical and mental context” (1931).

He published 178 scientific papers. In 1925 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

Eponyms

The asteroid (2088) Sahlia is named after him.

Fonts

  • Concerning the occurrence and the diagnostic significance of a zone of ectosed, finest skin vessels near the lower border of the lungs . Corrbl Switzerland Doctors 15 (1885) 135
  • On a new method of examination of the digestive organs, and some results of the same . Corrbl Switzerland Doctors 21 (1891) 65–74
  • Textbook of clinical examination methods 1st edition Vienna 1894, 7th edition 1928
  • Via a simple and precise method of clinical hemometry . Negotiating d. German congress f. Internal medicine 20 (1902) 230-234
  • About compensated, easily transportable pocket mercury manometers for clinical purposes, especially for sphygmomanometry. Along with remarks about an improvement in the Riva-Rocci cuff . Dtsch Med Wochenschr 30 (1904) 1140
  • Sphygmobolometry, a new method of studying circulation . Dtsch Med Wochenschr (1907) 16
  • Dynamic pulse examination by means of pneumatic sphygmobolometry . Bern 1914
  • Heart disease . In: T. Brugsch (Ed.): Special Pathology and Therapy of Internal Diseases. IV / 2, Berlin 1925, p. 1475

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://fotocollectie.huisdoorn.nl/HuDF-05148-M39
  2. ^ List of members Leopoldina, Hermann Sahli
  3. ^ Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Volume 1 in the Google Book Search
personal data
SURNAME Sahli, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss internist
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Bern
DATE OF DEATH April 28, 1933
Place of death Bern