Lutzmannstein

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Lutzmannstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 16'5 "  N , 11 ° 44'44"  E
Height : 475 m
Residents : 296  (1950)
Lutzmannstein around 1800
Lutzmannstein around 1800

Lutzmannstein was a municipality in the Parsberg district with the main town of the same name, which is now a desert in the Hohenfels military training area .

Geographical location

The parish village was in the Upper Palatinate Jura of the southern Franconian Jura about 6.5 km northeast of Velburg at about 475 m above sea ​​level east of the 574 m high Schloßberg.

history

The local nobility of Lutzmannstein / Leutzmannstein, a ministerial family of the Duchy of Bavaria , has been mentioned since 1200. After the death of the last Lutzmannsteiner in 1268 or 1269, the rule of Lutzmannstein fell to the Wittelsbachers , who established an office here and pledged it to aristocrats as carers. In 1428 the Kemnaths , who had been pledges or fiefdoms of the Lutzmannstein rule since 1397, sold the rule to Duke Johann von Pfalz-Neumarkt , who had ruled over the "Upper Palatinate" from his residence in Neumarkt since the division of the Electoral Palatinate in 1410. At that time there were seven properties in the village of Lutzmannstein that paid interest to the Lutzmannstein lordship; the rule also owned a third of the tithing in the village. Except over Lutzmannstein, the rule exercised full jurisdiction over approx. 30 other locations.

Under Duke Johann, the mortgages or pledges with the lordship / Hofmark Lutzmannstein and thus also with the place Lutzmannstein continued, for example to the Notthracht von Wernberg and their descendants until 1541. They were followed by those from Stieber / Stiebar from and to Buttenheim until 1662 , then that of Giese / Giesse. The Lutzmannstein lordship remained in their possession until the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria. Other landlords exercised lower jurisdiction in the territory, such as the Kastl monastery over two farms in Geroldsee . Not only in this respect, there were clashes, but also with the neighboring Pflegamt Velburg the meadow basin to border demarcation.

In 1472, the village of Lutzmannstein was given market rights under Heinrich Nothaft the Elder of Wernberg and Lutzmannstein by the Bavarian Duke Albrecht. A list from the 17th century names the crafts that were practiced here; There were three tailors, weavers, shoemakers, butchers, bricklayers, two shopkeepers and one blacksmith, one wagner, one cooper, one carpenter, one carpenter, one bricklayer, landlord and one bather. Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, the Lutzmannstein market consisted of 41 properties and a community shepherd's house; the lordship Lutzmannstein owned the castle, an office building, a house on the market, the forester's house, the brewery and the manorial box.

In the Kingdom of Bavaria , the Lutzmannstein tax district was formed in the Parsberg district court (later Parsberg district ) around 1810 . In addition to the market Lutzmannstein, the village of Pielenhofen and the four hamlets of Breitenwinn , Grün , Judeneidenfeld and Kircheneidenfeld belonged to it. With the second Bavarian community edict of 1818, the rural community of Lutzmannstein emerged, reduced by Pielenhofen and Grün ; The barons of Giese / Gise exercised the second class patrimonial jurisdiction through them until 1848. The jurisdiction then passed to the Parsberg Regional Court.

The floor plan of the market, taken in 1830 by Jos. Kögel jun.

In the 19th century, the Lutzmannstein community was joined by the Karlsberg and Philippsberg wastelands, which were first published in 1830 , and the Georgenthal wasteland, named after their owner Georg Lehl, before 1871 . In the 20th century, the community was enlarged again by moving the hamlet of Weidenhüll with its church from Frabertshofen to Lutzmannstein on January 1, 1946 .

As in 1951 for the US and NATO troops of the military training area Hohenfels created had was not enough for the area of 1838 created in 1949 resolved Heeresgutsbezirks Hohenfels . Several communities had to give way to the western expansion of the new military training area, including the community of Lutzmannstein. All eight places in the community of Lutzmannstein (Lutzmannstein, Breitenwinn, Georgenthal, Judeneidenfeld, Karlsberg, Kircheneidenfeld, Philippsberg, Weidenhüll) were gradually destroyed by military exercises. Partly, as in Lutzmannstein, remnants of the buildings have been preserved, partly the places have become completely devastated with no structural remains above ground. As part of the regional reform in Bavaria, the entire expansion area was added to the city of Velburg on October 1, 1970 .

Building and population figures

The village of Lutzmannstein had a year

  • 1808: 202 "Seelen", place with castle and stately (Baron von Giese) brewery, with pastor and school, with 9 horses and 17 oxen
  • 1867: 192 inhabitants, 92 buildings, 2 churches, school, castle with chapel
  • 1871: 229 inhabitants, 95 buildings, in 1873 5 horses, 104 head of cattle
  • 1900: 192 inhabitants, 46 residential buildings,
  • 1925: 236 inhabitants, 47 residential buildings
  • 1938: 224 Catholics
  • 1950: 296 inhabitants, 50 residential buildings

The community Lutzmannstein comprised 1002.94 hectares (status 1900)

  • 1867: 269 inhabitants, 132 buildings in 6 towns
  • 1871: 327 inhabitants (Catholics), 142 buildings, 54 residential buildings in 7 locations
  • 1900: 282 inhabitants (Catholics), 61 residential buildings in 7 locations
  • 1925: 329 inhabitants (327 Catholics, 2 others), 62 residential buildings in 7 locations
  • 1950: 441 inhabitants, 74 residential buildings in 8 locations

Church conditions

  • The places of the community belonged to the Catholic parish Lutzmannstein in the diocese of Eichstätt , Dean's office Velburg, it was formed after the introduction of the Reformation in Pfalz-Neuburg in 1542 by separation from the parish of Oberweiling . From 1675 to 1758 Lutzmannstein was united with Pielenhofen, diocese of Regensburg . In the Catholic school Lutzmannstein, first mentioned in 1582, went in 19./20. Century children from all over the community. The castle's St. Ottilien chapel was first mentioned in 1455. In 1480 there is also a lower chapel, the later parish church of St. Maria and St. Lucia; it was rebuilt in 1709. The parish of Lutzmannstein was only officially dissolved on February 1, 2020.
  • The Protestants of the community belonged to the Evangelical Lutheran parish Neumarkt id Opf. Around 1925 and to the exposed vicariate of Parsberg around 1950.

Architectural and ground monuments

  • Former parish church of St. Maria and St. Lucia, preserved outer walls and remains of the vault
  • Former castle from 1730, preserved outer walls up to the 1st floor, portal with pilaster framing
  • Remains of the foundation walls of the Gothic St. Ottilia Castle Chapel
  • Ruins of the late medieval gatehouse to the castle
  • Archaeological findings from the Middle Ages and early modern times in the Lutzmannstein desert

literature

  • Manfred Jehle: Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, volume 51: Parsberg , Munich 1981
  • Franz Xaver Buchner : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume II, Eichstätt: Brönner & Däntler, 1938

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Buchner II, p. 107
  2. ↑ Jehle, pp. 273, 277, 281
  3. ↑ Jehle, pp. 281-284
  4. ↑ Jehle, p. 283
  5. ↑ Jehle, p. 487
  6. ↑ Jehle, p. 534
  7. ↑ Jehle, p. 545
  8. ↑ Jehle, p. 553
  9. ^ Wilhelm Volkert: Court conditions in the Hohenfels care office from the 15th to the 18th century. In: Negotiations of the Historical Association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg 100 (1959), p. 173
  10. ↑ Jehle, p. 519
  11. ^ Neuburg paperback for 1808 , 2nd year, Neuburg an der Donau, p. 203
  12. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary , Munich 1867, column 796
  13. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 979 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  14. ↑ a b c K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 902 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 910 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ Buchner II, p. 110
  17. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 783 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ Jehle, pp. 24, 221 f.
  19. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 107, 110
  20. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 107, 110
  21. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Upper Palatinate administrative region, Neumarkt id Opf. District, City of Velburg, architectural monuments , as of April 25, 2020, p. 7
  22. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Upper Palatinate District, Neumarkt id Opf. District, City of Velburg, Bodendenkmäler , as of April 25, 2020, p. 23