Märkisches Elektrizitätswerk
| Märkisches Elektrizitätswerk | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Corporation |
| founding | September 1, 1909 |
| resolution | 1946 |
| Reason for dissolution | Expropriation and conversion into public property |
| Seat | Foundation in Eberswalde , later Berlin |
| Branch | Energy supply company |
The Märkische Elektrizitätswerk (short: MEW ) is a former energy supply company that was a leader in the generation of electrical energy in northeast Germany in the first half of the 20th century and was one of the four large energy supply companies in what was later to become the GDR .
The name Märkisch goes back to the headquarters of the plant in Eberswalde in the historic Mark Brandenburg , the predecessor of the Brandenburg province . The seat was later moved to Berlin . From the Mark Brandenburg, the Märkische Elektrizitätswerk supplied not only Brandenburg but also the peripheral areas of Greater Berlin , most of Mecklenburg and Pomerania and the district of Lüneburg in Lower Saxony.
history
The company - initially also called Überlandcentrale Heegermühle - was founded in 1909 by AEG and Elektrobank . The nucleus was the Heegermühle power station in Eberswalde. From here, the overland center grew to become the first supra-regional energy supply company in Brandenburg, which at that time was supplied by more than 100 local electricity companies ( local centers) . The MEW contributed significantly to the electrification of the region by building up electricity generation and transmission capacities . In addition to the Heegermühle power plant, MEW built other power plants such as the Finkenheerd power plant (1923) and later the Vogelsang power plant (1947). In addition to the power plants, the MEW also operated several open-cast mines in the Lusatian lignite district to supply them with coal .
In 1916, the Province of Brandenburg took over the majority of shares (7/12) in MEW from AEG; In 1920 the remaining shares, with which the influence of the Berliner Elektricitäts-Werke (BEW), also largely owned by AEG, on the Brandenburg area was limited. The province in turn transferred around 50 percent of the shares to the counties and cities supplied. At the same time as the purchase, the AEG subsidiary Berliner Vororts-Elektrizitätswerke (BVEW) , founded in 1898, was incorporated into the MEW.
In 1931 the state electricity works of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , and in 1934 the Pomeranian overland center were incorporated into the MEW. In return, the state of Mecklenburg and the Pomeranian Provincial Association received shares in MEW and became the largest shareholders alongside the Mark Brandenburg Provincial Association. At the height of its influence, the MEW supplied around 6,400 cities and communities in northeast Germany.
The MEW ended in 1946 after the Second World War under the SMAD through conversion to public property and integration into the planned economy of the GDR. The MEW was renamed Brandenburgisch-Mecklenburgische Elektrizitätswerke AG (BMEW) in 1948 . Later, the various systems (power stations, switchgear and transformer stations, lines) were assigned to various state- owned companies (VEB / VVB) or energy combines (Neubrandenburg, Rostock and Schwerin) in the northern energy district .
In West Berlin , too, there was a formal successor company from 1966, the Brandenburgisch-Mecklenburgische Elektrizitätswerke AG . However, since the majority of the former supply area was in the GDR and Poland, this successor was of no great importance.
After the end of the GDR in 1990, the former MEW supply area was divided among the current energy supply companies Energieversorgung Müritz-Oderhaff (EMO), Hanseatische Energieversorgung (HEVAG) and Westmecklenburgische Energieversorgung (WEMAG).
Web links
- Early documents and newspaper articles on the Märkisches Elektrizitätswerk in the 20th Century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ↑ 50 Hertz: Geschichtliches ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Udo Leuschner: The electricity industry in the new federal states is structured in the same way as in the west
- ↑ excerpts online at Google Book Fabian Scheffczyk: The Provincial Association of Prussian province of Brandenburg 1933-1945 , Routledge, Tübingen, 2008; online on google books
- ↑ Axel Drieschner, Barbara Schulz: Monument or contaminated site? A power station ruin in Eisenhüttenstadt tells of the armaments industry, forced labor and war , in: kunsttexte.de, No. 2, 2002 (PDF; 775 kB)
- ↑ Klara van Eyll , Renate Schwärzel (Society for Company History ): German Economic Archives: Evidence of historical sources in companies, corporations under public law (chambers) and associations of the Federal Republic of Germany . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1994
