Fragrance seal
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Fragrance seal ( Maianthemum racemosum ) |
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| Maianthemum racemosum | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Link |
The fragrance Seal ( Maianthemum racemosum ), with English common names treacleberry , feathery false lily of the valley , false Solomon's seal , Solomon's plume or false spikenard called, is a species of the genus maianthemum ( Maianthemum ) within the family of asparagaceae ( Asparagaceae ). It is native to and widespread in North America . Occurrences are known from all US states with the exception of Hawaii and Alaska , from all Canadian provinces and territories with the exception of Nunavut and Yukon , and from Mexico .
features
It is a perennial herbaceous forest plant with a stature height of 50–90 cm. The leaves are arranged alternately and oblong-lanceolate, 7–15 cm long and 3–6 cm wide. The flowers develop on a 3–6 cm long racemose inflorescence and have six white tepals , which are 3–6 mm long; The flowering time is late spring. Green, round fruits emerge from the flowers that ripen in late summer and then turn red.
Scent seals spread through cylindrical rhizomes that are up to 30 cm long.
habitat
Maianthemum racemosum grows in habitats up to 2,700 m (9,000 ft) in height in North America. The mostly robust and lush stands are usually found in partial shade on deep, moist, soft soils. A typical habitat in western North America would be a shady ravine, also with undergrowth that accompanies the water. Companion species are Dryopteris arguta , Trillium ovatum and Adiantum jordanii .
cultivation
The plant is - like the closely related Solomon's seal - suitable for cultivation in moist, humus-rich soils of forest areas or in their partial shade. She won the Award of Garden Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society .
Taxonomy
The taxon Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link has numerous synonyms: Convallaria ciliata (Desf.) Poir. , Convallaria racemosa L. , Polygonastrum racemosum (L.) Moench , Sigillaria ciliata (Desf.) Raf. , Sigillaria multiflora Raf. , Smilacina ciliata Desf. , Smilacina flexicaulis turner. Nutt , Smilacina latifolia . ex Baker , Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. , Smilacina racemosa var. Cylindrata Fernald , Smilacina racemosa f. foliosa Vict. , Smilacina racemosa var. Lanceolata B. Boivin , Tovaria racemosa (L.) Neck. ex Baker , Unifolium racemosum (L.) Britton , Vagnera australis Small , Vagnera racemosa (L.) Morong ex Kearney , Vagnera retusa Raf.
The species occurs in two subspecies, whose occurrence in central North America is separated by a distribution gap:
- Maianthemum racemosum subsp. racemosum . Shoots arched, stalked leaves, their base pointed. Tip of the third leaf below the inflorescence, pointed briefly. eastern North America, west to Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska North, and South Dakota.
- Maianthemum racemosum subsp. amplexicaule (Nuttall) LaFrankie. Shoots erect, leaves sessile, their base rounded. Tip of the third leaf below the inflorescence with a stepped spike tip longer than two millimeters. western North America, east to east Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Saskatchewan. Also in Mexico (Chihuahua).
use
The young shoots can - as long as they are tender and free of their leaves - be simmered in water and eaten. Their delicate smell is vaguely reminiscent of asparagus. In any case, they should only be collected if they appear to be frequently in one location.
Although the young shoots are edible, the plant becomes too fibrous and bitter as soon as it flowers or fruit. The Ojibwa Indians collected the roots and boiled them overnight in alkaline water to extract the bitter substances and neutralize the strong laxative effect.
As a young plant, Maianthemum racemosum can easily be confused with species in the genus Veratrum , highly toxic plants to which it is distantly related. Fragrance seals should therefore not be consumed without clear identification.
gallery
M. r. subsp. amplexicaule fruit, Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest
fruit
M. r. subsp. amplexicaule , Olympic National Park
Blooming plants by the roadside
See also
- Maianthemum stellate , also known as false Solomon's seal known
- Polygonatum biflorum , Solomon's seal
Individual evidence
- ^ Tropicos database . Retrieved June 28, 2015.
- ↑ Solomon's plume (False Solomon's seal) . Connecticut Botanical Society.
- ↑ a b c d Maianthemum racemosum . In: Flora of North America .
- ↑ C. Michael Hogan. 2008. Coastal Woodfern (Dryopteris arguta) , GlobalTwitcher, ed. N. Stromberg ( Memento of the original from July 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ RHS AZ encyclopedia of garden plants . Dorling Kindersley, United Kingdom 2008, ISBN 1405332964 , p. 1136.
- ↑ RHS Plant Selector - Maianthemum racemosum . Retrieved June 3, 2013.
- ^ Tropicos
- ^ The Plant List
- ↑ Gregory L. Tilford: Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West . Mountain Press Pub. Co., Missoula, Montana 1997, ISBN 0-87842-359-1 .
Web links
Wikispecies: Maianthemum racemosum - species directory- Neltje Blanchan: Wild Flowers Worth Knowing . Project Gutenberg , 2005.