Star-shaped fragrance seal

Star-shaped fragrance seal
	M. stellatum in Wenatchee National Forest , Washington , USA
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily :	Nolinoideae
Genre :	Shade flowers ( Maianthemum )
Type :	Star-shaped fragrance seal
Scientific name
	Maianthemum stellatum
	( L. ) Link

The star-shaped scent seal ( Maianthemum stellatum ), with English common names also star-flowered , starry or little false Solomon's seal , also false Solomon's seal ; also called star-flowered lily-of-the-valley , is a species of shade flowers ( Maianthemum ) within the asparagus family ( Asparagaceae ). It is native to almost all of North America , generally from Alaska to California in the west and from North Carolina to Newfoundland in the east, also in northern Mexico ( Sonora , Chihuahua , Coahuila , Nuevo León ).

distribution and habitat

M. stellatum has been found in every state and territory in Canada except Nunavut, as well as in the United States except Hawaii and the southeastern states.

Maianthemum stellatum is a perennial herbaceous plant of the forest.

features

In spring the plants grow small white buds, from which graceful star-shaped flowers emerge; when pollinated, the berries are green-black-striped and then ripen in dark red in autumn.

M. stellatum is smaller than the closely related Maianthemum racemosum . It has smaller, more open inflorescences and rather narrow and more curved leaves. The flowers sit on stems , which are shorter than the petals . Both species show the characteristic zigzag of the stem between the alternate leaves. Real Solomon's seals ( Polygonatum ) have a similar appearance, but with these the flowers hang under the leaves and do not form terminal inflorescences .

gallery

M. stellatum painting by Mary Vaux Walcott
Plant, Washington
Plants, Nevada
Inflorescence, closed
young striped berries
ripe red berries

Systematics

A number of synonyms are recorded for Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link : Asteranthemum stellatum (L.) Nieuwl. , Asteranthemum vulgare Kunth , Asteranthemum vulgare var. Uniflorum (Pursh) Kunth , Convallaria hybrida Marchal , Convallaria stellata L. , Smilacina Liliacea (Greene) FL Wynd , Smilacina sessilifolia Nutt. ex Baker , Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. , Smilacina stellata f. paniculata H. St. John , Smilacina stellata var. crassa Vict. , Smilacina stellata var. Sessilifolia L.F. Hend. , Smilacina stellata var. Sylvatica Vict. & J. Rousseau , Smilacina stellata var. Uniflora Pursh , Tovaria sessilifolia Baker , Tovaria stellata (L.) Neck. ex Baker , Unifolium liliaceum Greene , Unifolium sessilifolium (Baker) Greene , Unifolium stellatum (L.) Greene , Vagnera angustifolia Raf. , Vagnera leptopetala Rydb. , Vagnera liliacea (Greene) Rydb. , Vagnera sessilifolia (Baker) Greene , Vagnera stellata (L.) Morong , Vagnera stellata var. Mollis Farw.

Web links

Commons : Star-shaped fragrance seal ( Maianthemum stellatum ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Entry at iNaturalist.org
↑ Tropicos, specimen list for Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link
↑ Tropicos, specimen list for Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf.
^ Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map
↑ Maianthemum stellatum on the website of eFloras.org . Retrieved March 13, 2008.
↑ Derek Johnson, Linda Kershaw, Andy Mackinnon, Jim Pojar: Plants of the Western Boreal Forest and Aspen Parkland (digitized available from Google books), Lone Pine Publishing and the Canadian Forest Service, 1995, ISBN 1-55105-058-7 , P. 83 (accessed January 25, 2009).
↑ Kathleen Wilkinson: Wildflowers of Alberta A Guide to Common Wildflowers and Other Herbaceous Plants . Lone Pine Publishing and University of Alberta, Edmonton Alberta 1999, ISBN 0-88864-298-9 , pp. 24-25.
↑ Linda Kershaw: Saskatchewan Wayside Wildflowers . Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, Alberta 2003, ISBN 1-55105-354-3 , p. 111.
↑ Kathleen Horn: Sierra Nevada Wildflowers . Mountain Press, Missoula, Montana 1998, ISBN 0-87842-388-5 , p. 96 = 97.
^ John Muir Laws: The Laws Field Guide to the Sierra Nevada (California Academy of Sciences) . Heyday Books, Berkeley, California 2006, ISBN 978-1-59714-052-2 , p. 91.
^ Tropicos
^ The Plant List

[1] Entry at iNaturalist.org

[2] Tropicos, specimen list for Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link

[3] Tropicos, specimen list for Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf.

[4] Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map

[5] Maianthemum stellatum on the website of eFloras.org . Retrieved March 13, 2008.

[6] Derek Johnson, Linda Kershaw, Andy Mackinnon, Jim Pojar: Plants of the Western Boreal Forest and Aspen Parkland (digitized available from Google books), Lone Pine Publishing and the Canadian Forest Service, 1995, ISBN 1-55105-058-7 , P. 83 (accessed January 25, 2009).

[7] Kathleen Wilkinson: Wildflowers of Alberta A Guide to Common Wildflowers and Other Herbaceous Plants . Lone Pine Publishing and University of Alberta, Edmonton Alberta 1999, ISBN 0-88864-298-9 , pp. 24-25.

[8] Linda Kershaw: Saskatchewan Wayside Wildflowers . Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, Alberta 2003, ISBN 1-55105-354-3 , p. 111.

[9] Kathleen Horn: Sierra Nevada Wildflowers . Mountain Press, Missoula, Montana 1998, ISBN 0-87842-388-5 , p. 96 = 97.

[10] John Muir Laws: The Laws Field Guide to the Sierra Nevada (California Academy of Sciences) . Heyday Books, Berkeley, California 2006, ISBN 978-1-59714-052-2 , p. 91.

[11] Tropicos

[12] The Plant List