Museum for Franconia

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Museum for Franconia
Wü fortress (1) .JPG

entrance
Data
place Würzburg , Oberer Burgweg
Art
Art and cultural history museum
opening 1913
Number of visitors (annually) approx. 80,000
management
Erich Schneider
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-150110

The Museum für Franken - State Museum for Art and Cultural History in Würzburg (in front of it Mainfränkisches Museum ) on the Marienberg Fortress in Würzburg is one of Bavaria's largest art collections . Due to the exhibited important works by Franconian artists who work for Franconia , the museum is one of the German museums of international standing. Paintings, sculptures and handicrafts from Würzburg and Mainfranken from the early days to the 19th century are on view in the 45 showrooms . On January 1, 2017, the Free State of Bavaria took over the sponsorship. By 2025, the museum is to be converted into a state museum under the direction of Erich Schneider and in the future will have an eye on all of Franconia, including the history of Würzburg.

location

The Museum für Franken is located in the outer area of ​​the Marienberg Fortress between Schönborntor and Echtertor.

History of the museum

Beginnings until 1945

Building in Maxstraße 4 in front of the museum, in the background the Maxschule (probably 1913)
Aerial view of the destroyed museum building in autumn 1945

The beginnings of the collections go back to the 19th century. The Antiquarium of the Historisches Verein für die Untermainkreis, which was founded on January 22nd, 1831 and goes back to the collecting activities of the citizens of Würzburg, was the city's first public art collection. The interest of the public gave reason to show the city's art collections, which at the time mainly consisted of the estate of Canons Huebner, in the immediate vicinity. In 1893 the art and antiquity association was founded with the participation of the District President, Count Luxburg , to promote the establishment of a Franconian museum. All these developments ultimately led to the redesign of the former chemical institute at Maxstrasse 4, which the city acquired from the university in 1896, based on designs by the first museum director, August Stöhr, and the city's decision to build it on the occasion of the 80th birthday of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria on January 15, 1901 for the opening of the Franconian Luitpold Museum on May 17, 1913. At the opening, Franconian holdings of the Martin von Wagner Museum were also transferred to the Mainfränkisches Museum as permanent loans.

The Franconian Luitpold Museum, named after the Prince Regent of Bavaria who was born in Würzburg, brought together the collections of the city, the Historical Association for Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg and the Franconian Art and Antiquities Association into a joint exhibition collection. In 1931 it was expanded to include a Riemenschneider hall according to plans by the then director and university professor Clemens Schenk. From 1935 onwards, the newly established municipal cultural office and the advisory board for cultural matters and the Luitpold Museum were subordinate to the museum , which included Schenk and the artists Hans Baumann (1887–1956) and Fried Heuler , the cultural office manager August Diehl and professors Georg Hock (1875–1936) and Fritz Knapp (1870–1938) belonged. A city history museum with twelve rooms was opened on August 4, 1938 at Marienberg Fortress. In 1939 the Fränkisches Luitpoldmuseum Society was dissolved, the city of Würzburg took over sole sponsorship and the name of the museum was changed to Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg .

During the bombing raid on Würzburg on March 16, 1945 , the museum building was completely destroyed by a heavy high-explosive bomb. A large part of the inventory was destroyed. A reconstruction in the original place in the middle of the destroyed city was unthinkable. Initially, there was no adequate place to stay for the works of art that were rescued by relocating in good time or that were excavated from the rubble and were often damaged.

1945 until today

Museum location on the Marienberg Fortress

On May 8, 1945 Max Hermann von Freeden was entrusted with the management of the museum, under which the museum started again at Marienberg Fortress. In 1947 the first five halls in the armory and the adjoining real bastion were opened. Further museum rooms were gradually expanded. In 1950 the south wing of the armory with the garden hall, the south bastion of the Echterbastei with the knight tombs of the Gothic and Renaissance and the wine press hall with the evidence of Franconian wine culture were furnished. In the following year, the Schönborn Hall with the two monumental tombs of the Schönborn bishops from Bamberg Cathedral was presented, and the following year the real bastion with the arts and crafts collections and the archaeological department on the ground floor of the real bastion. In 1967 a folklore department was opened.

The museum was expanded in the fall of 1990 with the opening of the newly designed city history department in the Fürstenbaumuseum , which is housed on the second floor of the city wing of the main castle. The museum has a total of 45 showrooms, many of which are being redesigned. For example, the garden hall was reopened in 2008 after a redesign.

On January 1, 2017, the Free State of Bavaria took over the Mainfränkisches Museum. Under the name Museum für Franken - State Museum for Art and Cultural History in Würzburg, the house is expected to be converted into a state museum by 2025 under the direction of Erich Schneider . In the future, all of Franconia, including the history of Würzburg, will be dealt with and the collection horizon will be expanded to the present day. The aim of the museum is "to make an important contribution to the identification of the people in the city and region with Franconia and Würzburg and [...] in addition [...] to convey information about the art and cultural history of Franconia to guests from near and far."

Directors

The collection

archeology

Madonna figure, a masterpiece in the succession of the carver Hans Multscher , Ulm, around 1450
Margarethe Geiger , self-portrait, 1804

The archaeological department with archaeological finds from Main Franconia from the Paleolithic to the early Middle Ages is evidence of the first settlements in the region. One of her most famous pieces is the late Bronze Age cult car from Acholshausen .

Painting, sculpture, graphics

The Romanesque building sculpture is reminiscent of Würzburg's heyday during the Staufer period. One of the noteworthy pieces is a capital with a fighter.

Tilman Riemenschneider: Mourning Maria

In addition to valuable Gothic sculptures from the 14th century, the unique collection of works by the carver Tilman Riemenschneider forms the core of the museum, including the statues of Adam and Eve from the Würzburg Marienkapelle from 1493 as well as the Mourning Mary, originally from Acholshausen , which was built around 1505 originated.

Among the numerous baroque sculptors represented are Johann Wolfgang von der Auwera , Ferdinand Tietz and Johann Peter Wagner . In addition to large sculptures, there is also a special emphasis on the collection of small pictures from the 18th century. A bozzetti collection , which clearly shows the artistic creation process, as well as autonomous small sculptures are presented.

Painting is represented with works from the late Gothic to the early 19th century, including paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder , father and son Tiepolo , Peter von Hess and Louis Ferdinand von Rayski .

The graphic collection contains almost all of the graphic views of Würzburg from four centuries, as well as hand drawings and watercolors since the 19th century. The views of the city before the destruction of 1945 are of particular documentary value. The scientific importance of the so-called Eckert Collection, which contains plans from Balthasar Neumann's construction office , as well as the architectural sketches of the school council and experts for older Würzburg city views, Franz Seberich , should also be emphasized which the University of Würzburg developed a virtual city model.

Crafts and folk art

A series of valuable furniture begins with the council table by Riemenschneider and reaches its climax with works from the 18th century. Important textiles since the early Middle Ages, numerous faiences , painted and cut glasses, goldsmith's work and a collection of historical clocks, such as that of the Würzburg master Martin Schipani , as well as the oldest surviving gear clock, document the rich handicrafts of Franconia. Painted peasant cupboards, reverse glass pictures and traditional costumes give an idea of ​​the folk art of this region. With the help of the Büttner Guild, a Büttner workshop was set up in 1982, showing the activities of what was once a very important handicraft branch for Würzburg. In the wine press hall, evidence of Franconian wine culture is on display. A selection of the famous Würzburg Lying Stones can also be seen in the Mainfränkisches Museum.

City history

In the city history section, the two large models of the city of Würzburg are particularly impressive; The image of the late medieval Würzburg is documented by the city model of Würzburg around 1525 , the extent of the destruction of the city is illustrated by the model of Würzburg after March 16, 1945 .

Coin collection

Pieces of the numismatic collection, which have to be kept in the safe because of their small size or rarity, were made accessible to the public online and described. Further coins can be found in the Fürstenbaumuseum in the Randersackerer Turm.

public relation

As part of its public relations work, the museum regularly presents special exhibitions that are accompanied by guided tours.

The museum education department prepares special adventure-oriented tours. The museum draws attention to its diverse art collections with a series of posters. The monthly art consultation, in which private individuals can have works of art appraised by specialists, is well received.

Museum concerts take place in the Schönbornhalle, the vaulted room of the wine press hall is used for events and celebrations.

See also

Publications

Inventory catalogs
  • Hanswernfried Muth: Tilman Riemenschneider - The works of the carver and sculptor, his workshop and his circle in the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 1). Würzburg 1982, ISBN 3-8003-0181-4 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: The Bozzetti Collection - small pictures of the 18th century in the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 2). Würzburg 1987, ISBN 3-932461-04-5 .
  • Rudolf Feurer, Petra Maidt: Overall views and plans of the city of Würzburg - From the graphic collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 3). Würzburg 1988, ISBN 3-932461-05-3 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: Protective and Edged Weapons 13th - 17th Century - From the weapons collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum in Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 4). Würzburg 1992, ISBN 3-932461-06-1 .
  • Elisabeth M. Trux: Shaped and shear glasses, ground and cut glasses from the 17th and 18th centuries - from the glass collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum in Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 5: Glass I ). Würzburg 1992, ISBN 3-932461-08-8 .
  • Elisabeth M. Trux: Enamel-painted glass, Roman and baroque colored glass - From the glass collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum in Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 6: Glass II ). Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-932461-10-X .
  • Stephanie Kleidt, Helge Zöller: fans of the 17th-20th centuries Century from the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 7). Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-932461-09-6 .
  • Elisabeth M. Trux: Decorative and utility glass of the 19th and 20th centuries - From the glass collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum in Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 8: Glass III ). Würzburg 1994, ISBN 3-932461-11-8 .
  • Gerhard G. Wagner: Sundials and scientific instruments - From the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 9). Würzburg 1997, ISBN 3-932461-00-2 .
  • Hanswernfried Muth: Views from the old Würzburg, 1545 - 1945, part I (collector's pictures, old town right of the Main, Am Main, Sanderviertel, Pleich, Hauger district, city fortifications, streets) - From the graphic collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 10: Views I ). Würzburg 1997, ISBN 3-932461-01-0 .
  • Hanswernfried Muth: Views from the old Würzburg, 1545 - 1945. Part II: Fortress, residence, churches. - From the graphic collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 11: Views II ). Würzburg 1998, ISBN 3-932461-14-2 .
  • Ian D. Fowler: Clocks from five centuries - From the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 12). Würzburg 1999, ISBN 3-932461-15-0 .
  • Hanswernfried Muth: Views from the old Würzburg, 1545 - 1945, part III (public buildings and courtyards) - From the graphic collection of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 13: Views III ). Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-932461-16-9 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: Figures of the stoneware factory Damm in the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 14). Würzburg 2001, ISBN 3-932461-18-5 .
  • Eva Zahn-Biemüller, Helge Zöller: Finds from Franconia in the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum in Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 15). Würzburg 2001, ISBN 3-932461-19-3 .
  • Ian D. Fowler, Frauke van der Wall: Pocket watches from four centuries - From the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 16). Würzburg 2002, ISBN 978-3-932461-20-0 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel (Ed.): The city history department of the Main Franconian Museum Würzburg in the Fürstenbaumuseum of the Marienberg fortress. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 17). Würzburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-932461-22-4 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel, Frauke van der Wall: Collectors' luck - faiences from the Wolf-D collection. Amelung - from the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 18). Würzburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-932461-44-6 .
  • Gerhard G. Wagner: Dimensions and weights - from the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Volume 19). Würzburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-932461-45-3 .
  • Hanswernfried Muth, Frauke van der Wall: Under lock and key. Locks, keys and fittings from the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Inventory catalogs of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Without volume number). Würzburg 1992, ISBN 978-3932461071 .
Acquisition reports
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: The New Acquisitions of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg 1979–1994. Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 978-3-932461-17-0 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: The New Acquisitions of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg 1994-2003. Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-932461-23-1 .
Exhibition catalogs (selection)
  • Claudia Lichte: Ferdinand von Rayski. A Dresden painter in Franconia. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name, October 15, 2006 to February 11, 2007). Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2006, ISBN 3-932461-26-6 .
  • Meinolf Siemer (ed.): At table. Dinner manners of bygone times. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name, August 31, 2005 to March 5, 2006). Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-932461-24-X .
  • Frauke van der Wall (Ed.): Form and Function. Vessels and equipment from the collections of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg and the form collection Walter and Thomas Dexel , Braunschweig. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name, July 11 to September 23, 2007). Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-932461-27-9 .
  • Frauke van der Wall (Ed.): Well heightened. Textile design and craft in Franconian traditional fabrics. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name, April 5 to August 6, 2006). Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2006, ISBN 3-932461-25-8 .
  • Claudia Lichte (Ed.): Peter Dell the Elder - Between Riemenschneider and Reformation. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name, October 15, 2017 to January 7, 2018). Museum for Franconia, Würzburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-932461-46-0 .
  • Museum für Franken, Jewish Museum Munich (ed.) “Seven boxes with Jewish material” - From robbery and rediscovery from 1938 to the present day. (= Catalog of the exhibition of the same name in the Jewish Museum Munich, November 6, 2018 to May 1, 2019 / Museum für Franken, June 5, 2019 to September 15, 2019). Hentrich and Hentrich Verlag, Berlin / Leipzig 2018, ISBN 978-3-95565-276-0 .

literature

(in chronological order)

  • Max H. von Freeden: From the treasures of the Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. 2nd Edition. Stürtz Verlag, Würzburg 1973, ISBN 3-8003-0065-6 .
  • Klemens Mörmann (ed.): The German museum guide in color. Museums and collections in the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin. Krüger, Frankfurt am Main 1979, ISBN 3-8105-1205-2 ; Reprint of the Gutenberg Book Guild , Frankfurt am Main / Olten / Vienna 1983, DNB 870131540 , pp. 1017-1019.
  • Peter Stepan (ed.): The German museums. Westermann's colored guide through all important museums and collections. Westermann Sachbuch, Braunschweig 1983, ISBN 3-14-508854-8 , p. 444.
  • Hanswernfried Muth among others: Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. (= Great Art Guide 190). Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 1994, ISBN 3-7954-1056-8 .
  • Hans-Peter Trenschel: 150 masterpieces from the Mainfränkisches Museum. Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 1997, ISBN 3-932461-02-9 .
  • Christoph Hahn, Siegmar Hohl (ed.): The great museum guide. Collections on art, culture, nature and technology in Germany. Bassermann Verlag, Gütersloh / Munich 2000, ISBN 978-3-8094-5013-9 , pp. 454–455.
  • Frauke van der Wall: To the work - 100 years Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg. Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-932461-30-9 .
  • State office for non-state museums in Bavaria (ed.): Museums in Bavaria - A guide through the Bavarian museum landscape. 6th, completely revised edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-422-07382-1 , pp. 531-532.

Web links

Commons : Mainfränkisches Museum  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Free State takes on sponsorship of Marienberg Fortress. BR.de, December 19, 2016, accessed on August 17, 2019 .
  2. ^ Museum for Franconia. Museum für Franken, accessed on February 4, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Free State takes on sponsorship of Marienberg Fortress. BR.de, December 19, 2016, accessed on August 23, 2018 .
  4. ^ Thomas Tippach: Würzburg - Aspects of Centrality. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2 (I: From the beginnings to the outbreak of the Peasant War. 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1465-4 ; II: From the Peasant War 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria 1814. 2004, ISBN 3 -8062-1477-8 ; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), Theiss, Stuttgart 2001–2007, Volume III (2007), Pp. 369–393 and 1296–1298, here: p. 379, fig. 123.
  5. ↑ Ernst-Günter Krenig: King Ludwig I of Bavaria and the historical associations. In: Tempora mutantur et nos? Festschrift for Walter M. Brod on his 95th birthday. With contributions from friends, companions and contemporaries. (= From Würzburg's city and university history. Volume 2). Edited by Andreas Mettenleiter . Akamedon, Pfaffenhofen 2007, ISBN 978-3-940072-01-6 , pp. 203-206.
  6. ^ Stefan Kummer : Würzburg Collections. In: Tempora mutantur et nos? Festschrift for Walter M. Brod on his 95th birthday. With contributions from friends, companions and contemporaries. (= From Würzburg's city and university history. Volume 2). Edited by Andreas Mettenleiter . Akamedon, Pfaffenhofen 2007, ISBN 978-3-940072-01-6 , p. 77.
  7. ^ Thomas Memminger: Würzburgs streets and buildings. 1921.
  8. ↑ Hans-Peter Baum : Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821-1912) and the city of Würzburg. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), pp. 173-176; here: p. 175 f.
  9. ^ Sybille Grübel: Timeline of the history of the city from 1814-2006. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Volume 2, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1225-1247; here: p. 1234.
  10. ↑ Mainfränkisches Museum is 100 years young. ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.frankentourismus.de
  11. ↑ Peter Weidisch: Würzburg in the "Third Reich". In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 196-289 and 1271-1290; here: pp. 258 and 261.
  12. ^ Museum for Franconia. Museum für Franken, accessed on February 4, 2017 .
  13. ↑ Hanswernfried Muth, Elisabeth Sperzel, Hans-Peter Trenschel: Eckert Collection: Plan collection from Balthasar Neumann's estate in the Main Franconian Museum in Würzburg. Echter, Würzburg 1987.
  14. ^ Hanswernfried Muth: Pictorial and cartographic representations of the city. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume 2: From the Peasants' War in 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1477-8 , pp. 294–307 and 901, here: pp. 294 f.
  15. ^ Würzburg coins online. In: Würzburger Anzeiger. September 2012, pp. 14-15; Coins online from the Mainfränkisches Museum .

Coordinates: 49 ° 47 ′ 23 "  N , 9 ° 55 ′ 17"  E