Marienkirche (Bad Homburg)
The Marienkirche or St. Marien is the main Roman Catholic church in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe . Like many other houses on Dorotheenstrasse , it is a listed building . It is the parish church of the pastoral area Bad Homburg-Friedrichsdorf in the church district of Hochtaunus .
history
Homburg has been a Protestant town since the Reformation in 1527 . It was not until the end of the 18th century that a small Catholic community was formed, which in 1820 only had 215 members. Since 1812 Catholic services were held again.
From 1816 the Catholic community used the Jakobskirche , Dorotheenstrasse 5. There was no separate parish. The community belonged to the parish of the neighboring former Kurmainzischen place Kirdorf . When the Catholic dioceses were reorganized following secularization , the Landgraviate of Hessen-Homburg was not taken into account and therefore did not belong to any diocese. The territory was administered and provided with priests from the diocese of Mainz . In 1862 the papal curia in Rome sanctioned this solution and appointed the bishop of Mainz, Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler , as apostolic delegate for Homburg, Kirdorf and Rödelheim.
In 1866 the male landgrave family died out and Hessen-Homburg fell to Prussia . The Prussian government endeavored to incorporate the parishes into the Limburg diocese in order to prevent "foreign" influences - the Mainz diocese was the state diocese of the Grand Duchy of Hesse - on the Catholics in Homburg. However, Bishop Ketteler successfully resisted. After Ketteler's death in 1877, the Homburg situation developed into a political issue. The Prussian government made a renewed attempt at integration, which the papal curia also approved and commissioned the Trier bishop Michael Felix Korum with the implementation. At the time, Limburg bishop Peter Joseph Blum was in exile in Bohemia because he had come into conflict with the Prussian government due to the May Laws . Karl Klein , who had been entrusted by Blum with the management of the diocese, convinced Korum that the latter used the Roman decree of incorporation as a means of pressure against the government. This accepted the compromise. Blum was pardoned on December 3, 1883 and was able to return to Limburg and Homburg was incorporated into the Diocese of Limburg on February 24, 1884.
The Catholic community in Homburg grew strongly during this time. In 1866 1,350 of the 7,400 inhabitants of Homburg professed their Catholic faith. In 1869, Homburg was raised to a separate parish by Bishop Ketteler. The growing community resulted in the desire for a larger church. In 1863 a building site was acquired. These were the properties at Dorotheenstrasse 15 and 17. Due to the Kulturkampf , construction could not begin until 20 years later.
The architect was the Mainz cathedral master builder Ludwig Becker . He used the plans he originally created for St. Josef in Krefeld . The foundation stone was laid in 1892 . The inauguration took place in the presence of Empress Friedrich on August 14, 1895. The construction costs amounted to 260,800 marks .
In 1915 the Marienkirche became the deanery seat of the newly founded deanery Homburg vor der Höhe. In 1981 the parish organized the festival of the cross together with the Kirdorfer.
In 2011, the church tower was renovated for 500,000 euros, and in 2013 the exterior facade was renovated for double the sum. As the third construction phase, interior renovation was planned, which is also expected to cost 1 million euros and began in 2016. The diocese bears the costs, the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse contributes 40,000 euros.
Forecourt
The church was set back against the street front, creating an open forecourt.
The sides of the square are formed above by the rectory of the Catholic parish. This house at Dorotheenstrasse 13/15 is a baroque building from 1715 with the entrance in the original disposition (center of the facade). On the underside, the house at Dorotheenstrasse 21 forms the boundary of the square.
Building description
The floor plan of the church consists of a single nave interior. This is divided into a two-bay nave and a crossing with short transverse arms and a retracted choir , which is connected to the five-sided apse .
The main facade is eye-catching at the end of the Waisenhausstraße axis. The gable wall of the nave is dominated by a richly structured and decorated tracery rose. In 1907 a short open hall was added to the main portal. The lower storeys of the tower facade are characterized by the pair of portals and the statue of Mary arranged above them in the middle.
The church tower is attached to the first yoke of the nave. Like the whole church, it is built of tuff and gray sandstone .
Furnishing
From an architectural historical point of view, the remainder of the original floor covering in the apse is remarkable, which consists of red tiles decorated with the fish symbol . The portrait medallions of contemporary personalities have been preserved from the first glazing of the transept rosettes, which were renewed (after 1945). The main altar dates from 1910, the Joseph altar from 1905. The Corpus Christi (Franconian, around 1500) mounted on the triumphal cross is an early purchase by the parish.
organ
The organ was built in 1906 by the organ builder Johannes Klais (Bonn) as a romantically arranged instrument. In 1938 the instrument was partially rebuilt by Hans Klais and brought closer to the sound ideals of the organ movement . In 1972 the instrument was technically rebuilt by Hans Gerd Klais and moved to the left aisle. The pipe material was largely reused. The slider chest instrument has 35 registers (2468 pipes) on three manual works and a pedal . The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric. In addition to the swell (III. Manual), the positive can also swell .
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- Coupling : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
Pastor
Until 1869 the pastors of Kirdorf were responsible for the Bad Homburg Catholics:
- Johann Jakob Reusch (1816–1838)
- Jakob Eder (1838–1843)
- Christian Huether (1843–1862)
- Friedrich Werner, parish administrator (1862–1864)
- Heinrich Philipp Werner (1864-1869)
From 1869 the independent parish of Bad Homburg existed:
- Alexander Menzel (1870-1914)
- Heinrich Fendel (1914–1916)
- Johannes Herr (1916–1918)
- Wilhelm Burggraf (1918–1958) ( honorary citizen of Bad Homburg )
- Hans Willig (1971–1991)
- Werner Meuer (since 2003)
literature
- Gerta Walsh: Memories of the old town father. In: Taunuszeitung from May 25, 2013, p. 12.
Web links
- State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse (Ed.): Dorotheenstraße 17 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- Catholic Church of St. Mary. Bad Homburg , in: Hochtaunuskreis - District Committee (ed.), Church leaders. Kirchen im Hochtaunuskreis , 2006, pp. 14–15.
Individual evidence
- ^ Klaus Schatz: History of the Diocese of Limburg. Mainz 1983, p. 21.
- ^ Klaus Schatz: History of the Diocese of Limburg. Mainz 1983, p. 188 f.
- ^ Klaus Schatz: History of the Diocese of Limburg. Mainz 1983, p. 226.
- ^ Klaus Schatz: History of the Diocese of Limburg. Mainz 1983, p. 320.
- ↑ Based on the historical model with small considerations in FAZ of November 8, 2016, page 45
- ^ Beauty treatment for St. Marien. In: Taunuszeitung of March 23, 2013, p. 9.
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Dorotheenstrasse 13/15 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ↑ Handbook of the Diocese of Limburg, as of January 1, 1958, pages 42–45
Coordinates: 50 ° 13 ′ 33.8 ″ N , 8 ° 36 ′ 49.1 ″ E