Martin Borrhaus

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Martin Borrhaus , also: Martin Cellarius, Bürkß, Borrhus, (* 1499 in Stuttgart ; † October 11, 1564 in Basel ) was a German Protestant theologian, reformer and professor of the Old Testament in Basel.

Live and act

Borrhaus was brought up as the adopted child of the composer Simon Cellarius . He enrolled at the University of Tübingen , where he received the degree of Magister's Artium in 1515 and maintained contact with Philipp Melanchthon . In the winter semester of 1520 he switched to Johannes Reuchlin at the University of Ingolstadt , where he initially devoted himself to the Greek and Hebrew languages. He immediately turned to spiritual studies and received his doctorate under the dean's office of Johannes Eck as a baccalaureate in theology.

Triggered by a dispute with Eck, he left Ingolstadt and went to Wittenberg in 1521 . There he worked at the private school Melanchthon (schola privata) and taught mathematics. Here the events of the Reformation took hold of him and he was impressed by the Zwickau prophets , especially Markus Stübner , during the Wittenberg movement . Since he did not want to be dissuaded by the enthusiastic movement and did not allow himself to be changed at the urging of Martin Luther , he was accused of heterodoxy and expelled from Wittenberg in April 1522.

A wandering life began for Borrhaus. His path took him via Stuttgart to Switzerland, where he met the Baptist Felix Manz . From Zurich he moved on via Austria and Poland to Königsberg (Prussia) . The Königsbergers had been warned against him and he was induced by Duke Albrecht I of Brandenburg-Ansbach to put his views in writing and to visit Luther in Wittenberg. The following conversation with Luther was satisfactory, so that he could have stayed in Wittenberg, but he was drawn to Strasbourg .

In 1526 he settled in Strasbourg, where he married Odilia von Utenheim. Thanks to the wealth his wife brought in, he was able to devote himself to his studies and made friends with Wolfgang Capito . Under his influence he published his first work "De operibus Dei" in 1527. In 1536 his wife died and Borrhaus lost all privileges.

He then went to Basel , where he initially earned his living as a glassblower and then married again. In 1541 his friend Simon Grynäus made sure that he received a half professorship for rhetoric at the university. In 1544 he was given the chair of the Old Testament as a full professorship and was rector of the university in 1546, 1553 and 1564. He looked after his students constantly, otherwise he remained an idiosyncratic eccentric. It is typical of his attitude that he was close to the opponents of Calving and advocates of tolerance, Sebastian Castellio and Celio Secondo Curione, and associated with Michel Servet . He was close to them because he harshly rejected infant baptism. Humanistically he represented the demand for the cultivation of individual lay piety and freedom of belief and conscience. Together with the spiritualists of the Reformation period , he fought against the churchization of the Reformation because he openly deviated from orthodoxy.

Works

  • De operibus Dei , 1527
  • De haereticis an sint gladio puniendi , 1554

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Borrhaus, Martin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Martin Cellarius; Martin Bürkß; Martin Borrhus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian, reformer and Old Testament scholar
DATE OF BIRTH 1499
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart
DATE OF DEATH October 11, 1564
Place of death Basel