Matthias High School

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St. Matthias High School
Matthias High School in Wroclaw
type of school Jesuit high school
founding 1659
closure 1945
address

Shoe bridge 37

place Wroclaw
Coordinates 51 ° 6 '49 "  N , 17 ° 2' 12"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 6 '49 "  N , 17 ° 2' 12"  E

The St. Matthias Gymnasium in Breslau / Lower Silesia was founded on November 2, 1659 as a Jesuit high school on the basis of a gift from Emperor Leopold I at the imperial castle.

history

The grammar school continued the tradition of a Jesuit school that had existed since 1638. Between 1773 and 1811 it was run as an academic high school with a theological college or connected to the Leopoldine University . The Jesuit Baron Friedrich von Lüdinghausen Wolff cleverly pushed through the establishment of a Catholic university in the Protestant-dominated Breslau, which became the center of Catholic education in Prussia.

After the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773, the school was transferred to a Catholic grammar school under royal Prussian sponsorship. In 1811 the grammar school was also spatially separated from the university: in 1811 it was housed in the former baroque monastery of the Kreuzherren with the Red Star at Schuhbrücke 37, where it remained until 1945. The apostle Matthias , patron of the Kreuzherrenkloster and the monastery church , was named after the grammar school. The school had its own library and special classrooms for science, gymnastics, drawing lessons and music.

It was a classic (humanistic) Catholic high school for boys between the ages of 10 and 18 years. The majority of the students were German, but there were also a number of Polish-speaking students (mostly from Upper Silesia) who studied here. Up until the First World War, they were allowed to take part in optional Polish classes here. The number of pupils rose in the 19th century from about 300 to over 700. The highest number of pupils reached the Matthias Gymnasium in 1878, when 816 pupils were enrolled there. As a “convict”, the school also offered educational opportunities and full care for poor and destitute Catholic boys who were gifted and had the best references from their teachers. The school was known for its high level and produced many important personalities.

During the Nazi era, the secondary school was denominated. It existed until 1945. Since then the building has housed the Ossolineum , the Ossolinski National Library in Wroclaw , which was originally (until 1940) in Lwów .

Teacher

  • Aloys Bach (1770–1845), high school professor and author of local history writings
  • Augustin Kaluža (1776–1836), teacher 1806–1818
  • Peter Joseph Elvenich (1796–1886), theologian and rector 1831–1839
  • Franz Volkmer (1846–1930), educator
  • August Wissowa (1797–1868), classical philologist and rector 1838–1868
  • Johannes Oberdick (1835–1903), classical philologist, teacher 1861–1864, director 1882–1897
  • Franz Idzikowski (1817–1874), place of birth: Paruschowitz near Rybnik / Upper Silesia, teacher of history and Latin, captain a. D., entered as a candidate in 1843, became a high school teacher in the fall of 1844 and retired as such at New Year's 1867.

student

literature

  • T. Kulak, M. Pater, W. Wrzesiński, Historia Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego 1702–2002, Wrocław 2002
  • Karl Grosser, Alfred Hillebrandt, proposal for the uncovering of the University of Breslau, Berlin [1913].
  • Commemorative sheets for the centenary of the University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw 1911.
  • Joseph Jungnitz: The auxiliary bishops of Breslau. Published by Franz Goerlich, Breslau 1914.
  • Werner Pierchalla (sp. Lord Mayor of Münster): As a high school student in the “Third Reich” (at the State Catholic St. Matthias High School in Breslau) / Matthesianer Association, Munich 2002

Web links

Commons : Building of the Ossolineum in Wrocław  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GND 1015905625
  2. ↑ Meisenbach Riffarth: Festschrift of the Royal St. Matthias High School for the celebration of the century, 1811-1911 . Meisenbach Riffarth, 1911 ( limited preview in the Google book search).