Max-Bruch-Strasse 8

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Residential buildings Max-Bruch-Strasse 4–8, No. 8 left (2015)

The house Max Bruch-Straße 8 in Cologne district Lindenthal is under monument protection standing monument . The house, built around 1910, forms a duplex with the adjoining house at Max-Bruch-Strasse 6 to the south . The ensemble is part of the Lindenthal villa development, which has only survived in fragments after being severely damaged during the Second World War , the expansion of which reached its greatest extent after the establishment of the city ​​forest in the years from 1898 to the beginning of the First World War .

history

1910 to 1934

The layout and development of Max-Bruch-Strasse and Brahmsstrasse, located between Kitschburger Strasse and Dürener Strasse on one side and Stadtwald on the other, are among the last expansions of the Lindenthal villa district in the vicinity of the urban green space created from 1895 to 1898 before the First World War . Most of the new building land came from the holdings of the former Kitschburg estate and the Hohenlind manor owned by the von Stein banking family .

House Max-Bruch-Strasse 6 with the Adenauer couple (around 1915)

1909/1910, the then first acquired councilor of Cologne, Konrad Adenauer , and since 1908, in urban services Gerichtsassessor Max Berndorff on the east side of the nascent in Annex Max Bruch-road two adjacent plots of around 1100 m 2 surface area and left on run this one double villa. Adenauer was not financially able to make such an investment until he was elected First Alderman on July 22, 1909, as his annual salary was well endowed with 15,000 marks , which were topped up by a further 3,000 marks according to the resolution of the city council.

However, Max Berndorff only remained in possession of the semi-villa for a few years. After he succeeded Konrad Adenauer on September 12, 1912 at the age of 34 as the youngest alderman of the city of Cologne, after 1914 he acquired the house at Theresienstraße 16, also located in Lindenthal, and moved there. Before 1918, the Jewish merchant Moritz Goldstein bought his half of the house at Max-Bruch-Strasse 8. After Goldstein's death in 1934 - the first restrictions against Jews by the new rulers were already showing their lasting effect - his widow Sophie Goldstein moved to Aachener Strasse 392/394, where she lived with her son Kurt. The house half at Max-Bruch-Strasse 8 was initially uninhabited.

1934 to 1945

It is possible that the administrator of the Goldstein heirs, attorney Moritz Weinberg , made contact with the Westdeutsche Bodenkreditanstalt , which presumably bought the Goldstein house in 1936 and subsequently rented it to Lieutenant General Fritz Kühne . Kühne had taken command of the 26th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht on March 7, 1936 and participated in the occupation of the Rhineland with it , after which he retired from active service on October 31, 1938, but was in the run-up to the attack on Poland in August 1939 activated again.

Apparently, at the beginning of the Second World War , the half of the house came into the ownership of the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV), which housed a nurses' home in it. After the end of the war, the NSV was banned on the basis of the Control Council Act No. 2 of October 10, 1945, and its property was confiscated. The state of North Rhine-Westphalia became her legal successor as the owner and accommodated members of the higher service from higher or subordinate state departments, including ministries , the university and the district government in Cologne , in the three service apartments now set up in the house .

From 1945

At the beginning of the 1950s, next to a widow, the ministerial director Felix Schwering, a brother of the Cologne city councilor, mayor and successor to Konrad Adenauer, Ernst Schwering , lived with his wife in the villa. In addition, Felix Elieser Shinnar , head of the Israel Mission in Cologne, which existed from 1952 to 1966 , lived in the house during this time (status: 1962–1964). In addition to Maria Schwering, the address books until 1966 only list the senior physician at the University Psychiatric Clinic, Professor Hans Heinrich Wieck, as the tenant of one of the three company apartments. This was followed by the neurologist Gert Huffmann and, from 1980, the long-standing Cologne District President Franz-Josef Antwerpes , who used the 170 m 2 ground floor apartment and 600 m 2 garden. A lengthy legal dispute arose in 1998 over the question of the fairness of the housing rent to be paid by Antwerpes . That year the country put the property up for sale.

Max Berndorff

The Catholic Max (imilian) Peter Joseph Hubert Berndorff was born on October 3, 1878 in Cologne as the son of the businessman Nikolaus Berndorff and his wife Rosa, née Wirtz. After attending the Marzellengymnasium and completing a degree in law and subsequent employment in the Prussian judicial administration as a court trainee and after passing the second state examination as a court assessor, the doctor of law joined the city ​​of Cologne in 1908 . On September 12, 1912, he was elected as an alderman. During Berndorff's official activity at the side of the First Alderman and later Lord Mayor Konrad Adenauer, which lasted until 1933, he was primarily responsible for internal personnel matters and the organization of the administration; from 1929 he was responsible for planning the new university building in the inner green belt. Only a few weeks after the National Socialists came to power , Berndorff had to experience his dismissal as an alderman because of alleged corruption, according to the West German observer in its March 18, 1933 edition, as did six of his colleagues - including Ernst Schwering. The investigating special commissioner Richard Schaller had only been appointed the day before. Adenauer's deposition as Lord Mayor had already taken place. Max Berndorff, who was close to the center , died on May 26, 1948 of the consequences of a heart attack in Cologne-Lindenthal in the St. Elisabeth Hospital. The one with Elisabeth born. Contzen married councilor in retirement last lived at Gut Iven in Grottenherten near Bedburg . A street in Cologne-Bayenthal was named after him in his honor.

Moritz Goldstein

The merchant Moritz Goldstein came from Halle in Westphalia , where, according to his death certificate, he was born on April 23, 1868. In Cologne he built up a trading company in machine tools and tools, which had its headquarters under different addresses before the First World War, according to the 1906 address book on Marzellenstrasse and 1910 on Venloer Strasse 389. Goldstein moved the company in the early 1920s on a previously vacant lot at the Widdersdorfer street in brown field and management and the company's seat in the Deichmann house . While the construction company Peter Bauwens was responsible for the design and execution of the hall built in 1924–1925 on Widdersdorfer Straße, Goldstein chose the established architect Robert Stern in 1929 for the architectural design of the extension of the machine tool warehouse . When Moritz Goldstein died on July 23, 1934 in the St. Elisabeth Hospital in Lindenthal, the National Socialists had already seized power in Germany . Goldstein's neighbor on Max-Bruch-Strasse, Konrad Adenauer, had already been driven out of his office in 1933, like the previous owner Max Berndorff. Goldstein's widow Sophie (née Heilbrunn) and her children were forced to give up their previous home. Initially, the villa remained unused, but as a result, like the property at Widdersdorfer Straße 244, it had to be sold under pressure in 1936 and consequently below its value. The new owner of the warehouse with its distinctive brick facade, largely preserved in its original form, was in 1936 the Steirische Gussstahlwerke AG , which housed its Cologne plant there and later became part of the Reichswerke Hermann Göring .

After giving up the villa for rent, Sophie Goldstein moved to the house in Aachener Strasse 392/394, where she lived with her sons (?) Hans and Kurt. She recorded the address book until 1938, after which it is lost. The only memory that remains is her husband's grave in the Jewish cemetery in Bocklemünd, hall 21. The tomb made of artificial stone , with some missing metal letters, is increasingly weathering.

architecture

The two-story half of the house with its heavily structured mansard roof has a five-axis street facade from which three window axes protrude slightly and are gabled. The narrow double axis to the neighboring house at Max-Bruch-Straße 6 is drawn together on the upper floor to form a rectangular window. While there are arched windows on the ground floor, there are rectangular windows on the upper floors, divided by bars and provided with shutters . Plaster ornamentation was only used cautiously.

The entry of the house at Max-Bruch-Strasse 8 in the monuments list of the city of Cologne took place on March 7, 1985 under No. 2823.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Konrad Adenauer, Volker Gröbe : Lindenthal: the development of a Cologne suburb (= experienced city history, volume 7). JP Bachem Verlag, 3rd revised edition, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-7616-1603-1 , p. 69 f.
  2. ↑ to tim-online.nrw.de
  3. ^ Horst Romeyk : The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945 (=  publications of the Society for Rhenish History . Volume 69 ). Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-7585-4 , p. 330 .
  4. ^ Hans-Peter Schwarz: Adenauer. Volume 1. The rise. 1876-1952. dtv Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-423-04616-3 , p. 143.
  5. ^ A b Georg Neuhaus: The city of Cöln in the first century under Prussian rule. M. DuMont Schauberg, Cologne 1916, Volume 1, p. 407 (The administration and its effectiveness. The councilors) .
  6. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1915. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1915, Part II, p. 40 Max Berndorff is still recorded as the owner.
  7. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1918. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1918, Part II, p. 38 Max Berndorff is listed as the owner and resident of the house at Theresienstrasse 16.
  8. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1915. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1915, Part II, p. 186 Moritz Goldstein lives afterwards at Venloer Strasse 21, 2nd floor in Neustadt / Nord.
  9. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1918. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1918, Part II, p. 176 Moritz Goldstein is documented as owner and resident at Max-Bruch-Strasse 8.
  10. ↑ a b Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1935. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1935, Part IV, p. 106.
  11. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1937. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1937, Part IV, p. 110.
  12. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1937. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1937, Part I, p. 580.
  13. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1938. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1938, Part IV, p. 109.
  14. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1939. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1939, Part IV, p. 112.
  15. ^ Address book for Cologne and the surrounding area 1941/42. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1941, Part IV, p. 119.
  16. ^ Landesarchiv NRW, civil status archive Rhineland, civil status register, registry office Cologne Lindenthal, deaths, 1961, document 1325: Felix Hermann Bernhard Schwering, Ministerialdirektor a. D., Catholic, residing in Cologne-Lindenthal, Max-Bruch-Str. 8, born on May 26, 1884 in Coesfeld; died on May 31, 1961 in Cologne-Lindenthal, Max-Bruch-Str. 8th; married to Maria Antonie Katharina Amalie Heinrichs at the registry office in Cologne-Nippes on September 28, 1927.
  17. ↑ Herbert M. Schleicher (arrangement): 80,000 death notes from Rhenish collections. Volume IV Pr-Va. (Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies , Cologne, New Series, No. 42). Cologne 1989, p. 399: Schwering, Felix, Ministerial-Conductor i. R., born in Coesfeld on May 26, 1884; died June 1, 1961; Son of Professor Privy Student Karl Schwering (1846–1925) and his wife Elisabeth Schwering, née Bisping, married to Maria Heinrichs in Cologne-Riehl since September 29, 1927, he left his widow, four daughters, two sons and two sons-in-law in 1961 and three grandchildren.
  18. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1952. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1952, Part IV, p. 109.
  19. ↑ Foreign Office (ed.): List of the diplomatic corps in Bonn (status: March 1962, January 1964)
  20. ^ Greven's Cologne address book. 106th edition, Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1967, Part IV, p. 509.
  21. ^ Whos who in Western Europe , International Biographical Center, 1981, ISBN 978-0-900332-61-6 , p. 361.
  22. ^ Karl-Heinz Steinkühler: Living nicely and cheaply on the Rhine , Focus , June 15, 1998
  23. ^ Karl-Heinz Steinkühler: Millions for “Bruchbude” , Focus , August 10, 1998
  24. ↑ a b c d e Ulrich S. Soénius , Jürgen Wilhelm : Kölner Personen-Lexikon. Greven Verlag, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0400-0 , p. 53.
  25. ↑ a b Landesarchiv NRW, civil status archive Rhineland, civil status register, registry office Cologne I, deaths, 1946, document 1769.
  26. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1906. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1906, Part II, p. 46, address: Lindenthal, Franzstr. 2 B.
  27. ↑ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1910. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1910, Part II, p. 32, Dr.jur., Address: Lindenthal, Franzstr. 2 B.
  28. ↑ Horst Matzerath : Cologne in the time of National Socialism 1933-1945. (= History of the City of Cologne , Volume 12.) Greven Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7743-0429-1 / ISBN 978-3-7743-0430-7 , p. 79.
  29. ↑ a b Landesarchiv NRW, civil status archive Rhineland, civil status register, registry office Lindenthal, deaths, 1934, document 1075.
  30. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1906. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1906, Part II, p. 218.
  31. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1910. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1910, Part II, p. 145.
  32. ^ Wolfgang Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-7616-2294-0 , p. 389.
  33. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1937. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1937, Part IV, p. 802.
  34. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1937. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1937, Part IV, p. 7.
  35. ^ Address book of Cologne and the surrounding area 1938. Greven's Adressbuch-Verlag, Cologne 1938, Part IV, p. 8.
  36. ↑ List of monuments of the city of Cologne, number A 2823

Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 37.1 ″  N , 6 ° 54 ′ 0.7 ″  E