Maximilian Klinkowski

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Maximilian Klinkowski (born May 24, 1904 in Berlin ; † June 22, 1971 there ) was a German phytomedicist . After the Second World War , he expanded the former Aschersleben branch of the Reich Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry into an independent research facility for the Academy of Agricultural Sciences . His research focus was plant virology . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ Klink. "

Life

Maximilian Klinkowski, the son of a master tailor, completed an agricultural apprenticeship from 1919 to 1921 and, after passing his school leaving examination, studied at the Agricultural University of Berlin from 1924 . There he received his doctorate in 1929 with a dissertation on the physiology of oat varieties . He found his way to phytomedicine through Otto Appel . From 1929 to 1939 he worked at the Reich Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry in Berlin-Dahlem, initially in the Botany Laboratory, and from 1933 in the Institute for Plant Breeding and Heredity. In 1939 he was appointed government councilor and drafted into the armed forces in the same year. It is unclear whether his application for membership in the NSDAP was effective.

From 1941 he was director of the Institute for Plant Diseases of the Agricultural Research Institute in Riga in the Reich Commissariat Ostland , where he received the War Merit Cross, Second Class with Swords . In 1942 he qualified as a professor at the Agricultural and Horticultural Faculty of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin and received a lectureship in crop production and plant protection .

In 1945 Klinkowski was given the management of the Aschersleben branch of the Biological Central Institute (formerly Biological Reichsanstalt), which he expanded into an important phytomedical center. As the " Institute for Phytopathology of the Central Biological Institute of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Berlin" , this research facility achieved world renown. From 1951 to 1969 Klinkowski was director of this institute. At the same time he was professor with chair and director of the Phytopathological Institute of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg from 1951 to 1964 .

Research priorities

During his work at the Biological Reichsanstalt, Klinkowski dealt with physiological and ecological problems in agricultural crops . The focus was on studies of botany, cultivation and diseases of forage plants. In 1937 he undertook a research trip through Spain, Portugal and North Africa and examined the wild and cultivated forms of various forage plants .

In Aschersleben, Klinkowski worked with a large staff of scientists, most of whom he had trained at the University of Halle, mainly in the field of plant virology . In an exemplary manner, he encouraged his employees to do fruitful community work. His list of publications includes almost two hundred scientific publications in specialist journals.

Klinkowski was a master at summarizing the specialist knowledge in his research fields in encyclopedic works . He was editor or co-editor of important textbooks and manuals . Together with Erich Köhler, he edited the 700-page volume " Die Viruskrankheiten " in the manual of plant diseases founded by Paul Sorauer , which was considered the most complete German-language representation of plant viruses from all over the world when it was published in 1954 . The two-volume work " Pflanzliche Virologie " (1958), the two-volume monumental work " Die Kartoffel " (1961/62) , published together with Rudolf Schick and others, and the three-volume work published with Erich Mühle and Ernst Reinmuth were groundbreaking for phytomedicine and other areas of agricultural science Handbook " Phytopathology and Plant Protection " (1965–1968; 2nd ed. 1974 and 1976). Klinkowski has contributed separate chapters to each of the works. In addition, since 1954 he was co-editor of the " Phytopathologische Zeitschrift " and member of the editorial board of other specialist journals.

honors and awards

Major works

  • Fichtelgebirgshafer and v. Lochows yellow oats. A physiological comparison . Diss. Agr. Hochsch. Berlin 1929. - Zugl. in: Angewandte Botany Vol. 11, 1929, pp. 127-190.
  • F. Merkenschlager and M. Klinkowski: Plant constitution doctrine. Depicted on cultivated plants . Paul Parey publishing house in Berlin 1933.
  • Development and problems of plant virus research . Verlag Hirzel Leipzig 1953 = meeting reports of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Berlin, vol. 2, no.3.
  • The virus diseases , edited by E. Köhler and M. Klinkowski. In: Handbook of Plant Diseases, founded by Paul Sorauer. Verlag Paul Parey Berlin 1954, 6th edition, Vol. 2.
  • Herbal virology . Edited by M. Klinkowski and colleagues. 2 volumes, Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1958.
  • The potato . Edited by R. Schick and M. Klinkowski. 2 volumes and register volume. VEB Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag Berlin 1961/1962.
  • Phytopathology and Plant Protection . Edited by M. Klinkowski, E. Mühle and E. Reinmuth. 3 volumes, Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1965–1968; Vol. I: Basics and general problems of phytopathology and plant protection (1965); Vol. II: Diseases and pests of agricultural crops (1966); Vol. III: Diseases and pests of horticultural crops (1968). - 2nd revised u. exp. Ed. 1974–1976.

literature

  • H. Richter: Maximilian Klinkowski 1904-1971 . In: Phytopathologische Zeitschrift Vol. 72, 1971, pp. 1-10 (with picture and list of publications).
  • A. Hey: In memory of Maximilian Klinkowski * May 24th, 1904 † June 22nd, 1971 . In: News sheet for plant protection in the GDR. New series, vol. 25, 1971, pp. 149–152 (with picture).
  • R. Bercks: In memoriam Professor Dr. M. Klinkowski . In: Anzeiger fur pest science and plant protection vol. 44, 1971, p. 175 (with picture).
  • A. Hey: Maximilian Klinkowski May 24, 1904 - June 22, 1971 . In: Yearbook of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig 1971–1972. Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1974, pp. 267–280 (with picture and list of publications).
  • Dieter Spaar and Hans Joachim Müller: Maximilian Klinkowski in memory . In: Archives for Phytopathology and Plant Protection Vol. 10, 1974, pp. 221-224.
  • Short biography for:  Klinkowski, Maximilian . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Harry Waibel : Servants of many masters. Former Nazi functionaries in the Soviet Zone / GDR. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2011, ISBN 978-3-631-63542-1 , p. 168.
personal data
SURNAME Klinkowski, Maximilian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German phytomedicist
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1971
Place of death Berlin