Michael Haberlandt

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Michael Haberlandt, bust in the depot of the Austrian Museum of Folklore , Vienna

Michael Haberlandt (born September 29, 1860 in Hungarian Altenburg , † June 14, 1940 in Vienna ) was an Austrian folklorist and Indologist .

Life

Born into a middle-class family as the son of the agricultural scientist Friedrich Haberlandt , Michael Haberlandt studied Indology at the University of Vienna . Immediately after completing his studies in 1882, he became curator of the anthropological-ethnographic department of the Natural History Museum . In 1892 he was the first to qualify as a professor in the newly created subject of ethnology at the University of Vienna and in 1910 received the title of associate professor. awarded. Together with Wilhelm Hein , he founded the Association for Folklore in 1894 , and the Journal for Austrian Folklore in 1895 . In the magazine, he wrote positive reviews of racial and anti-Semitic works, such as the new edition of a book by Hans FK Günther in 1930 .

Also in 1895 he and Hein founded what is now the Austrian Museum of Folklore , the structure of which can be traced back to his work. From 1911 to 1923 he was appointed state-paid director of the museum.

In 1924 his son Arthur Haberlandt took over the management of the Folklore Museum . He was also centrally responsible for the radicalization of the museum, since as early as 1933 four out of five employees belonged to the NSDAP , which was illegal in Austria at the time . Michael Haberlandt is therefore accused of not distancing himself from the Folklore Museum during this time and supporting the National Socialist, racist orientation of the museum in the background. He is also said to have specifically prevented and marginalized Jewish employees and researchers, including Eugenie Goldstern .

Haberlandt was a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences . As a music lover, he supported the Austrian composer Hugo Wolf and helped him achieve his breakthrough by founding the Hugo Wolf Association.

In 1955, Haberlandtgasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after him.

Withdrawal of the honorary grave

After Haberlandt's death, the National Socialist city government dedicated an honorary grave to him at Vienna's central cemetery . This status was revoked in 2011 because a commission investigating the graves of honor from the Nazi era came to the conclusion that Haberlandt's life's work achieved international significance, the racist content of some of his works and the silent tolerance of the radicalization of the Volkskundemuseum the status of a grave of honor would not justify.

Selected publications

  • On the history of some personal outputs in the thematic verbs in Indo-European. Gerold, Vienna 1882.
  • The ancient Indian spirit. In essays and sketches. Liebeskind, Leipzig 1887 ( archive.org ).
  • Ethnology (= Göschen Collection. Volume 73). Göschen, Leipzig 1898; 2nd, increased and improved edition 1906 ( archive.org ); 3rd, increased and improved edition (2 volumes) 1917/20.
  • Contra sexual appearances among the negro population of Zanzibar [as editor from the estate of the author Oskar Baumann ] . In: Journal of Ethnology. Volume 31, 1899, pp. 668-670 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Culture in everyday life. Collected Essays. Wiener Verlag, Vienna 1900.
  • The peoples of Europe and the Orient. Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig / Vienna 1920.
  • Introduction to folklore with a special focus on Austria (= Folklore Library. Volume 1). Vienna 1924.
  • The peoples of Europe and their popular culture. Strecker & Schröder, Stuttgart 1928.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Street names of Vienna since 1860 as “Political Places of Remembrance” (PDF; 4.4 MB), p. 105 ff, final research project report, Vienna, July 2013.
  2. ^ Peter Autengruber et al .: Controversial Viennese street names: a critical reading book . Pichler, 2014, ISBN 978-3-85431-669-5 .
personal data
SURNAME Haberlandt, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian folklorist
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1860
PLACE OF BIRTH Hungarian Altenburg
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1940
Place of death Vienna