Mikhail Alexandrovich Sadovsky

Mikhail Alexandrovich Sadowski ( Russian Михаил Александрович Садовский ; born October 24 ^{. Jul} / 6. November  1904 ^greg. In St. Petersburg ; † 12. October 1994 in Moscow ) was a Russian geophysicist .

Life

Sadowski, the son of a middle school teacher, studied after attending middle school from 1921 to 1928 at the physical - mechanical faculty of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (LPI). Before graduating, he completed his internship at the Institute for Applied Geophysics . His teachers were Pawel Michailowitsch Nikiforow and Lev Gerassimowitsch Loitsjanski . 1930-1941 he worked in the Seismological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR, since 1991 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN)). In 1938 he became a candidate for physical-mathematical sciences .

During the German-Soviet War Sadowski was evacuated to Kazan and worked for the presidium of the AN-SSSR (1941-1946). From 1945 he took part in the Soviet atomic bomb project . He belonged to the group led by Abram Isaakowitsch Alichanow of the scientists Lev Dawidowitsch Landau , July Borissowitsch Chariton , Arkadi Beinussowitsch Migdal , Samuil Aronowitsch Reinberg , Sergei Sergejewitsch Wassiljew and Alexander Pavlovich Sakoschtschikow , who were commissioned on November 30th 1945 about all available materials To analyze the impact of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in terms of pressure waves , thermal effects and radiation exposure . From 1946 he worked in the Moscow Institute for Chemical Physics (now Semjonow Institute for Chemical Physics) of the AN-SSSR and headed the secret special department for the work on the atomic bomb project. In 1952 he became a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences . In 1953 he became a corresponding member of the AN-SSSR.

1960-1988 Sadowski head of Moscow Institute of Physics of the Earth (now Gamburzew -Institute of Physics of the Earth) of the AN SSSR, the problems of seismology , the magnetism , the tectonics investigated and the structure of the earth. Together with Igor Wassiljewitsch Kurtschatow , Isaak Konstantinowitsch Kikoin , Grigori Alexandrowitsch Gamburzew and Alexander Iwanowitsch Ustjumenko, he was one of the leading figures in the development of the Soviet system for detecting nuclear weapons explosions . One of the main focuses of his work was earthquake forecasting . In 1966 he became a real member of the AN-SSSR. After a suggestion by Sadowski, a gas spring fire in the Urta-Bulak natural gas field near Bukhara was extinguished by a nuclear weapon explosion in 1966 .

Sadovsky was buried in the Trojekurovo cemetery in Moscow .

Honors, prizes

• Medal "For heroic work in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1945, 1964, 1984)
• Stalin Prize III. Class (1948), 1st class (1949), (1951, 1953)
• Hero of Socialist Labor (1949)
• Order of Lenin (1949, 1954, 1974, 1981)
• Badge of Honor of the Soviet Union (1953)
• Lenin Prize (1962)
• Order of the October Revolution (1971)
• Lomonosov Gold Medal (1986)
• Price of the Government of the Russian Federation for Science and Technology (1995)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Landeshelden: Садовский Михаил Александрович (accessed on October 2, 2018).
2. ↑ Адушкин В. В .: К 100-летнему юбилею академика М. А. Садовского (accessed October 2, 2018).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} RAN: Садовский Михаил Александрович (accessed October 2, 2018).
4. ↑ протокол заседания Специального комитета при Совнаркоме СССР . ( Wikisource [accessed October 2, 2018]).
5. ^ Theodore Shabat: Soviet Discloses Nuclear Blast That Put Out Fire in Gas Field . In: The New York Times . December 2, 1971 ( nytimes.com [accessed October 2, 2018]).