Mikhail Grigoryevich Chernyayev

Mikhail Chernyayev

Mikhail Chernyayev Russian: Михаил Григорьевич Черняев (born October 22 ^{. Jul} / 3. November  1828 ^{. Greg} 1828 in Bender ; † 17th August 1898 at his estate in Mogilev Governorate ) was a Russian general and diplomat. He fought in the Crimean War , in the Caucasus and Central Asia, and served as the Russian consul general in Serbia and most recently as the governor general of Tashkent .

Life

Mikhail Grigoryevich was the son of Grigory Nikititsch Tschernjajew (1787–1868) and his French wife Aimee Esther Charlotte Lecuyer (1800–1876) and grew up on his father's estate of Tubyshki in the province of Mogilew. He graduated from high school in Mogilew and entered the imperial army in 1840, in 1847 he was admitted to the Pavlovskver bodyguard regiment. He graduated from the Academy of the General Staff in Saint Petersburg and was assigned to the Danube Army the following year. As part of the Wallachian division, he took part in the Hungarian campaign in 1849. In the fall of 1854 he was sent to the Crimea as part of the IV Corps (Lieutenant General PA Dannenberg ) and served in the defense of Sevastopol under Prince Menshikov . For his achievements with Inkerman (November 5th) he was awarded the Order of Vladimir 4th class. In 1855 he fought under General Khrulyov mainly on the hill of Malakow. For his exemplary courage in the defense of Sevastopol in the defense against the Allied attack of August 27, 1855, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and received a golden saber of honor with the inscription "For bravery". At the end of the Crimean War he acted as chief of staff of the 3rd Infantry Division and was then sent to Orenburg and made an advisor to the local governor general AA Katenin .

In 1858 he took part in the expeditions of the explorers NW Chanykow , NP Ignatiew and TT Walichanow in Iran and the Khanate of Kashgar as a department leader. He accompanied the military geographers and Admiral AI Butakow to Kungrad and took the delta of the Amu Darya on, both studied in the following year in 1859 at the Aral Sea . He left Turkestan in December 1859 when the government of the Russian Empire postponed the plan of an offensive in Central Asia against the Kokand Khanate of Khiva and Bukhara because of the unsettled war in Italy . He was then sent to the Caucasus at the disposal of Count NI Evdokimov ; made himself useful in the pacification of the Caucasus and served again in 1862 as chief of staff in the Orenburg Oblast. In 1864 he returned to Saint Petersburg because of disagreements with General AP Bezak about the appropriate administration of Bashkiria .

In 1864 he led the campaign to Tashkent with a small force as a general , which he successfully occupied. But because of his independent, high-handed leadership, he received his farewell from War Minister DA Miljutin . The diplomatic department has already received letters of protest from London because England feared Russian troops would move through Turkestan to India. Chernayev was promoted to major general and received many awards, but was recalled from Turkestan. The conquest of Central Asia begun by Chernayev was continued by Generals Romanovsky , Kaufman and Skobelev .

He settled in Moscow as a notary , but was soon re-employed in the army and left in 1875 . He then founded the Russki Mir newspaper in Saint Petersburg . He became one of the most active leaders of the Pan-Slavist party and took command of the Serbian army in the Serbian-Ottoman war in July 1876 , but was defeated by Turkish troops on October 29 in the Battle of Aleksinac . Not used in the Russo-Ottoman War in 1877 , it continued agitation for the Slavic Charity Committee at home and abroad. In Prague he was expelled from the Austrians and then lived in France . In early 1879 he tried to organize a Bulgarian uprising in Rumelia , but was arrested in March and deported to Russia.

Alexander III appointed him Governor General of Tashkent in 1882 , but dismissed him in February 1884 due to his own authority. Since he ruthlessly fought against the measures of the government in Asia and especially the Trans-Caspian Railway in the newspapers, he was also relieved of his position as a member of the council of war in 1886.

Mikhail Grigoryevich Tschernjajew died on August 17, 1898 on his estate in the Mogilev governorate .

Web links

Commons : Michail Grigorjewitsch Tschernjajew  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Tchernaiev, Mikhail Gregorjovich ( Encyclopædia Britannica , 1911)
• Biography on hrono.ru