Mikhail Nikititsch Volkonsky

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Knes Mikhail Nikititsch Volkonsky

Mikhail Nikititsch Wolkonski ( Russian : Михаил Никитич Волконский, born October 9, 1713 in Moscow ; † December 8, 1788 , burial place in the cemetery of the Pafnuti monastery in Borovsk ) was General en chef in the Imperial Russian Army and Commander-in-Chief of Moscow. He served as the Tsar's envoy and carried out several secret missions.

Life

Together with his brother Alexei Nikititsch (1720–1781) he grew up with his grandfather Alexei Petrovich Bestuschew-Ryumin (1693–1766) in the Duchy of Courland and Zemgale , who was the Russian envoy in Courland at the time. In 1732 he was accepted into the First Cadet Corps in Saint Petersburg and completed a four-year officer training course, after which he was transferred to active military service. From 1738 to 1739 he was deployed in the Turkish War and in 1740 accompanied Count Alexander Iwanowitsch Rumjanzew (1680–1749) to negotiations in Constantinople . Discharged from the Cadet Corps as a lieutenant in 1736 , he already held the rank of colonel in 1749 and carried out secret missions in Poland on behalf of His Majesty . During the Seven Years' War he distinguished himself in Paltzig and Kunersdorf through bravery. He was promoted to lieutenant general on August 18, 1759 and in 1761 took command of all Russian troops in Poland. On March 16, 1762, an armistice between Prussia and the Russian Empire was agreed in Stargard, and General en chef Michail Nikititsch Volkonsky signed the armistice agreement for the Russian Empire on behalf of the Tsar. On this occasion, Catherine II sent him a letter of thanks. After the coup against Tsar Peter III. (1728–1762) in 1762 Volkonsky sided with Catherine II (1729–1796) with the mounted bodyguard regiment . During the Moscow plague revolt in 1771, Volkonsky was appointed commander-in-chief and governor of Moscow ; during the Pugachev uprising from 1773 to 1775, he moved large contingents of troops to Moscow to defend himself and set up his headquarters in the residence of the Moscow governor. In 1774 he became the main investigator and prosecutor against Yemeljan Ivanovich Pugachev (1742–1775) and the fellow putschists. After the peace of Küçük Kaynarca and the end of the Russo-Turkish War from 1768 to 1774, he organized the victory celebration in Moscow in 1775. He inherited large estates through his mother and together with his brother Alexei became a large Russian landowner . He retired from the army in 1780 and retired to his lands. When he died on December 8, 1788, he was buried in the cemetery of the Pafnuti monastery in Borovsk, in the family crypt of his grandparents.

Awards

Origin and family

Coat of arms of the Volkonsky princes

Prince MN Volkonsky came from the venerable Russian Rurikid family Volkonsky , his brother was the Russian major general Alexei Nikititsch Volkonsky (1720–1781). His father was the former court jester of Empress Catherine II and later Russian captain Nikita Fedorowitsch Volkonsky († 1740). In January 1745 Michail Elizabeth married Alekseevna Makarova (1725–1782), their descendants were: Alexander (1745–1748); Alexei (* / † 1748); Anna (1749–1824) lady-in-waiting; Peter (1751-1754); Maria (1752-1765); Leo (1754–1792) Chamberlain ; Paul (1763–1808) Chamberlain. Since his sons remained childless, the inheritance went to his daughter Anna.

literature

  • Papers of Prince N. Volkonsky (1713–1789) // Russian Archives, 1865. - Ed. 2nd. - M., 1866. - St. 681-722.
  • Volkonsky MN Journal of the Life and Service of Prince Mikhail Nikitich Volkonsky / Publ., [Foreword and Note.] AK Afanasyev // Russian Archives: History of the Fatherland in the Evidence and Documents of the XVIII - XX Centuries. Almanac. - M .: TRITE Studio; Grew up. Archive, 2004. - [T. XIII]. - pp. 9-60.
  • Volkonsky // Great Russian Encyclopedia / SL Kravets. - M.: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2006. - V. 5. - P. 637. - ISBN 5852703346

Web links

Commons : Michail Nikititsch Volkonsky  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Armistice treaty between the Royal Prussian General and Governor of Stettin, Duke of Braunschweig-Bevern and the Russian-Imperial Lieutenant General Prince von Wolkonsky, who commanded Pomerania en chief, from that date Stargard the (5) 16. Martii 1762. In : Teutsche Kriegs-Canzley: to the year ... 1763, published 1763, original by Bayerische Staatsbibliothek , digitized July 21, 2011, No. 1517 [1] , accessed on August 27, 2019
  2. ^ Letter from the Empress to Prince Michael Nikititsch Wolkonsky. In: Russischer Merkur, Volume 2, published 1805, original from Bayerische Staatsbibliothek , digitized May 2, 2011 [2] , p. 9, accessed on August 28, 2019
personal data
SURNAME Volkonsky, Mikhail Nikitich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Михаил Никитич Волконский (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian prince, general en chef
DATE OF BIRTH October 9, 1713
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH December 8, 1788