Great Mittweida

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Great Mittweida
The Große Mittweida in Raschau: View down the river.

The Große Mittweida in Raschau: View down the river.

Data
Water code DE : 54128
location Saxony
River system Elbe
Drain over Schwarzwasser  → Zwickauer Mulde  → Mulde  → Elbe  → North Sea
origin at Fichtelberg
50 ° 25 ′ 38 ″  N , 12 ° 57 ′ 2 ″  E
Source height about  1165  m above sea level NHN
muzzle In Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. in the black water coordinates: 50 ° 32 '45 "  N , 12 ° 47' 40"  E 50 ° 32 '45 "  N , 12 ° 47' 40"  E
Mouth height 412.4  m above sea level NHN
Height difference about 752.6 m
Bottom slope about 35 ‰
length 21.7 km
Discharge at the Markersbach gauge 1
A Eo : 30 km²
Location: 10 km above the mouth 		NNQ (08/06/2003)
MNQ 1974/2005
MQ 1974/2005
Mq 1974/2005
 MHQ 1974/2005
HHQ (12/08/1974) 		85 l / s
161 l / s
613 l / s
20.4 l / (s km²)
 5.88 m³ / s
29 m³ / s
Left tributaries Kleine Mittweida , Pöhlwasser
Right tributaries Schwarzbach , Oswaldbach
Reservoirs flowed through Markersbach pumped storage plant

The Große Mittweida is a right tributary of the Black Water in the Ore Mountains in Saxony . It rises on the Fichtelberg and flows into Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. in the black water. For a long time, the Mittweidatal was used intensively for wood.

geography

course

The Große Mittweida rises only about 300 m southwest of the summit of the Fichtelberg. After a short course to the west, it swings to the north and runs parallel to Zschopau for a longer stretch . After about 11.6 km it takes the Kleine Mittweida. Shortly after the confluence, the Große Mittweida is dammed in the lower basin of the Markersbach pumped storage plant . A large part of the Obermittweida settlement that used to be at this point was dismantled and flooded from 1969 when the pumped storage plant was built. Individual foundation walls can only be seen when the water level is low.

After leaving the dam, the Große Mittweida flows west. The villages of Markersbach , Mittweida , Raschau (all today districts of Raschau-Markersbach ), Grünstädtel and Wildenau (both districts of Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. ) Lie on its banks . After the Schwarzbach and Oswaldbach flow into the latter, the Große Mittweida flows into the Schwarzwasser.

The lower reaches of the Mittweida were regarded as part of the Pöhlwasser until the 19th century . Accordingly, it was assumed at the time that the Mittweida flows into the Pöhlwasser.

Tributaries

  • Teufelsgraben (left)
  • Deep trench (left)
  • Hirschbach (left)
  • Erbisbächel (right)
  • Little Mittweida (left)
  • Rossbach (left)
  • Abrahamsbach (right)
  • Maibach (right)
  • Frenzelbach (right)
  • Pöckelbach (left)
  • Naundorfbach (left)
  • Pöhlwasser (left)
  • Schwarzbach (right)
  • Oswaldbach (right)

History of the Mittweidatal

Upper Mittweidatal, 1940

In the Mittweidatal, water power was used intensively for woodworking from an early age. The first houses in the valley are the former Weber wood grinder (popularly known as Pfaarbargel ) and the Haifischbar (also a former wood grinder), now known as the Waldhotel Crottendorf (currently vacant). A single apartment building and a garage complex are located where there was another wood grinding shop and a residential building until the early 1970s. This is followed by the now dilapidated Wolfner Mühle , which had its heyday as a rest home in the 1930s and was used as an FDGB holiday home until the 80s . Further down the valley follow the Dietrich mill and another single house until you come to the lower basin of the Markersbach pumped storage plant. The water power of the river was also used for wood grinding in the other places in the Mittweidatal.

On August 12 and 13, 2002, the days of the flood of the century , a maximum inflow rate of 36 m³ / s was measured at the discharge measuring level of the lower basin. Vattenfall AG, the operator of the pumped storage plant, limited the discharge from the lower basin to 10 m³ / s. This amount could be carried away by the course of the river and protected the towns of Markersbach and Raschau from severe flooding and damage up to the confluence of the Pöhlwasser. Over the course of the days, several million m³ of water were buffered by the pumped storage plant. This achievement is remarkable because electricity production had to be stopped. The upper basin was filled with 6 million m³ (full backlog) of water. The operators and everyone involved in this decision deserves the greatest respect, because they had to take the risk of filling an earth dam at 850 m above sea level with this amount of water in catastrophic weather conditions in order to prevent even more serious damage downstream.

Attractions

  • A meadow under nature protection not far from the Wolfner Mühle
  • Lower basin of the Markersbach pumped storage plant

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hydrological Handbook. (PDF; 637 kB) Part 3 - Main aquatic values. Free State of Saxony - State Office for Environment and Geology, p. 53 , accessed on December 25, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Communications from the statistical association for the Kingdom of Saxony . Lfg. 3, 1833, p. 9 .

literature

  • Mittweida . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 6th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1819, p. 524.
  • G. Gehler: Crottendorf - our home . Ed .: v. the local chronicle. tape 1 , 1999, ISBN 3-9805904-2-9 .
  • G. Gehler: Crottendorf - our home . tape 2 , 2006, ISBN 3-931770-65-6 .