Morality

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Morality singer, 1st half of the 19th century
Example: A wedding in the death vault or the sad fate of love from the Museum of European Cultures

The ballad ( etymology uncertain: probably to murder or morality going back with proximity to Latin mori for "die" ) is a spine-chilling ballad and the narrative song of Bänkelsängers . It has a strong connection with the Bänkelsang, a type of message transmission that makes use of the media of sound , text and image in the context of a scenic performance . In this kind of banter (in the sense of the axiom "bad news are good news" to use the curiosity of the audience with a sensational report and to attract attention) the audience was addressed directly. Usually - in order not to approve of the wrongdoings and to prevent further ones - moral demands go hand in hand with the performance. Bänkelsang was performed from the 17th to the early 20th century . In the current non-fiction literature, what exactly is the relationship between morality and banter is controversial. A medial difference is asserted, according to which the banter denotes the " scenic and audiovisual ", whereas the morality denotes the "textual" aspect of the same phenomenon. A difference is also proposed with regard to the content of the rumored message: If the banter is about a murder or atrocity , one speaks of a morality.

history

These shudder ballads , which were also based on real events, were often accompanied by a barrel organ , violin , guitar or harp , and performed in streets, squares and fairs by morality singers and petty singers . The drama was often heightened by a raised stand and corresponding canvas pictures or morality boards, which were pointed to with a long stick. The singers also sold text books or collected money from the audience; that was how they could earn a living.

In contrast to the relative barrel organ man, who can still be found occasionally, the morality singer gradually disappeared from public life in the 1930s. In recent years, however, the singing of morality has been rediscovered by individuals or groups. Today he is represented in Germany by the Baden-Badener Liederweiber, the Leierkastenheiterkeit group with Doris van Rhee, Axel Stüber and Ullrich Wimmer , the Hofheimer morality singers around Gerd Gröhl or the Upper Swabian morality group around Werner Schnell. In Austria , Eberhard Kummer recorded a number of popular moritats and ballads from Vienna in the early 1990s . For example, on a CD created in 1993 together with the chamber actress Elisabeth Orth , there are titles such as “Ludwig Sand's Last Hour”, “Rinaldo Rinaldini” or “The Robbery's Beloved in Dungeon ”.

In Bertolt Brecht's Threepenny Opera , the form of the morality is taken up again in the moritat by Mackie Messer , implemented by Kurt Weill with accompaniment "in the manner of an organ grinder".

Today's forms of the genre killer ballad can be found, for example, with the Canadian Suzie Ungerleider and with Nick Cave , whose 1996 album Murder Ballads contains and is also called. Performers of the black scene , such as Die Kammer (example Sinister Sister ) or the dark metal band Eden Weint Im Grab (example morality of the organ grinder ) take up the morality.

Recordings / sound carriers

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. A Wedding in the Vault of Death or Sad Fates of Love!
  2. ^ Friedrich Kluge : Etymological dictionary of the German language. Edited by Walther Mitzka . 19th edition. de Gruyter, Berlin 1963, p. 488.
  3. Subtenants in the Christian house. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2001, ISBN 344704506X p. 325 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  4. ^ Braungart, Wolfgang: Bänkelsang . In: Klaus Weimar (Ed.) U. a .: Real Lexicon of German Literary History . Volume 1, 3. revised. Berlin edition: de Gruyter 1997, p. 190.
  5. ^ Bänkelsang . In: Otto Knörrich: Lexicon of lyrical forms (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 479). 2nd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-520-47902-8 , p. 20.