Mozarteum (building)

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Mozarteum, entrance to the main building, Schwarzstrasse 26
Mozarteum, main building
In front of the Great Hall, behind the building Schwarzstraße 26
Great hall, auditorium
Musicians on the stage of the great hall in front of the Arco organ (around 2005)
Great hall, podium with Arco organ (2009)

The Mozarteum is a building complex on Schwarzstrasse in Salzburg , built in the style of historicism and opened in 1914. The International Mozarteum Foundation has its headquarters here. The Mozarteum is also home to two concert halls - the Great Hall and the Vienna Hall - and an extensive Mozart library. The Salzburg Liedertafel is still at home in the Mozarteum (2019) to this day.

Some other buildings or rooms were or are referred to as the Mozarteum , today mostly with a distinctive addition such as New Mozarteum .

Mozarteum on Schwarzstrasse

designation

According to the plaque for the laying of the foundation stone in 1910, the building was still called the Mozart House at that time . The designation Mozarthaus can also be found on the architect's plans from 1911 . The building is named Mozarteum on a plan from the year it opened (1914) . The name Mozarteum is written as a gold inscription with carved capital letters above the entrance portal of the main building.

Since the Mozarteum University in Salzburg is also called the Mozarteum , it may be referred to as the Mozarteum building . To distinguish it more clearly from the nearby New Mozarteum , the building on Schwarzstrasse is sometimes referred to as the Altes Mozarteum or the Mozarteum on Schwarzstrasse . The International Mozarteum Foundation in place of the Location Mozarteum often specifying Mozarteum Foundation , so at the announcement taking place in their building concerts.

location

The Mozarteum is part of Salzburg's old town and is located to the right of the Salzach in Schwarzstrasse. The main building (Schwarzstrasse 26) includes administrative rooms for the International Mozarteum Foundation and the Vienna Hall. The second part of the building is the large hall (Schwarzstraße 28), which is structurally connected by a connecting wing.

On the short distance from the Mozarteum to Makartplatz in the southeast, the buildings of the Salzburg Marionette Theater (Schwarzstraße 24) and the Salzburg State Theater (Schwarzstraße 22) follow on the same side of the street . To the east of the Mozarteum, on the side facing away from the street, are the southern end of the Mirabell Gardens and directly behind it the New Mozarteum (Mirabellplatz 1), the main location of the Mozarteum University Salzburg.

Building history

The construction of a building for a music school, for performances and festive events was planned by a Mozart building association since 1856 . On August 6, 1910, the foundation stone was laid in the garden of Villa Lasser in the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph I. In the following four years, the building was built by the Munich Art Nouveau architect Richard Berndl in the style of late historicism (outwardly with pronounced objectivity) and was able to do so to be opened on September 29, 1914.

A casino was built in a vacant lot, Hanibalgasse, between the State Theater and the Mozarteum. After his eviction, this house was integrated into the Mozarteum as a Hanibal wing (around 1970). A spacious library was set up there, in which records were then archived.

Since 2005 there has been an inscription on the facade of the main building directly under the eaves, in which the Mozart quote “I want everything that is good, genuine and beautiful!” Is repeated several times. The inscription, conceived by the artist Sylvie Fleury , reproduces Mozart's handwriting and consists of neon tubes that emphasize Mozart's saying in the dark.

Plans are currently being finalized to rebuild the connection between the two parts of the building. From the point of view of the International Mozarteum Foundation, the 60 m² break foyer is far too small for up to 800 concert-goers in the Great Hall. With the conversion, the area could also be made barrier-free and the garden area better used. Concerns from conservationists have yet to be clarified. Johannes Honsig-Erlenburg , President of the Mozarteum Foundation, expected construction to start in September 2018 at the earliest in February 2021 and a construction period of two to three years. On October 22, 2018, the International Mozarteum Foundation presented the winning design of the international competition, in which 18 architectural firms from Europe and Japan participated.

Concert halls and rooms

With the establishment of the Mozarteum, the Mozarteum Foundation created two concert halls. The "Great Hall" with approx. 800 seats is one of the most famous and popular concert halls in Salzburg. It is one of the venues for the Salzburg Festival , for example as a performance location for the “matinees” of the Salzburg Festival . The smaller Viennese hall on the first floor of the main building is designed for around 200 listeners and is used for chamber concerts, rehearsals and lectures.

In addition to the Vienna Hall, the main building contains administrative rooms for the International Mozarteum Foundation, classrooms and rehearsal rooms used by the Mozarteum University , and an Art Nouveau Mozart library. The Bibliotheca Mozartiana is the world's largest specialist library on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's life and work. It includes around 35,000 literary titles and more than 6,000 pieces of music .

Organ in the great hall

From the Art Nouveau organ . The company Rieger from 1914, the prospectus is not received; after 1970, behind this stood the so-called Arco organ, a work by Walcker .

This organ was replaced in 2010 by the Propter Homines organ , an instrument made by Eule . Along with the Mertel organ in the Vienna Hall, it is one of the few concert organs in Salzburg. The slider chest instrument has 51 stops on three manuals and a pedal. The action mechanism is mechanical, the stop action is electric. The work is supplied with wind by a symphonic wind system with 3 double folding bellows.

I main work C – a 3
01. Principal 16 ′
02. Principal 08th'
03. Flûte harmonique 08th'
04th Reed flute 08th'
05. Viol 08th'
06th Octave 04 ′
07th flute 04 ′
08th. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
09. Super octave 02 ′
10. Mixture maior V 02 ′
11. Cornet V (from g 0 ) 08th'
12. Trumpet 16 ′
13. Trumpet 08th'
II Positive C – a 3
14th Bourdon 16 ′
15th Principal 08th'
16. Bourdon 08th'
17th Salicional 08th'
18th Bifara (from c 0 ) 08th'
19th Praestant 04 ′
20th Flauto dolce 04 ′
21st Nazard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
22nd Flautino 02 ′
23. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
24. Mixture minor IV 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
25th bassoon 16 ′
26th Clarinet 08th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – a 3
27. Viola d'amour 16 ′
28. Violin principal 08th'
29 Lovely covered 08th'
30th Aeoline 08th'
31. Voix céleste (from c 0 ) 08th'
32. Distance flute 08th'
33. Fugara 04 ′
34. Transverse flute 04 ′
35. Piccolo 02 ′
36. Echo-Cornett III 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
37. Progressio II-IV 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
38. Basson 16 ′
39. Trumpet harm. 08th'
40. oboe 08th'
41. Clairon harm. 04 ′
Tremulant
Pedals C – g 1
42. Stand (Ext. No. 43) 32 ′
43. Principal bass 16 ′
44. Violon bass 16 ′
45. Sub bass 16 ′
46. Octavbass 08th'
47. cello 08th'
48. Octave 04 ′
49. trombone 16 ′
50. tuba 08th'
51. Clairon 04 ′
  • Coupling : II / I (also as super-octave coupling), II / II (sub-octave coupling), III / I (also as sub-octave coupling), III / II, III / III (sub-octave coupling), I / P, II / P, III / P ( also as super octave coupler)
  • Game aids : 9,999 electronic typesetting system with sequencer and storage medium chip card, 4 register crescendos, 3 of which are freely programmable

Magic flute house

The Magic Flute House on the break terrace of the Great Hall

In the so-called Bastion Garden of the Mozarteum is the “Magic Flute House”, in which Mozart is said to have composed parts of his opera The Magic Flute in Vienna. In 1873 the previous owner, Prince Starhemberg, donated the Magic Flute House to the International Mozart Foundation in Salzburg. The Magic Flute House is only accessible from the concert halls and can be viewed as part of the events in the Great Hall during the summer.

Other buildings

A Mozarteum is, generally speaking, a place that Mozart dedicated. If a building is meant, this could be, for example, a Mozart museum or a concert hall in which musical works by Mozart are performed. In the course of history, various places have been referred to as the Mozarteum . The designation is therefore to be understood and assigned in the historical context.

19th century

In a travelogue entitled A Visit to the Salzburg Mozarteum , which appeared in the journal Die Gartenlaube in 1866 , the anonymous author first describes his arduous search for the Mozarteum in Salzburg. He explains to the readers that the Mozarteum, as part of the former institution Dom-Musik-Verein and Mozarteum, was a “music institution for the worthy preservation of Mozart's memory in his hometown”. The Mozarteum is "also responsible for the archive, which includes a collection of original paintings from the Mozart family, as well as some instruments and quite a number of Mozart's manuscripts". The author also names the place where this Mozart archive was located, the Mozarteum . At that time, however, the name Mozarteum was not clearly assigned to any building: “With the good Salzburgers it was of course difficult to ask where the Mozarteum was to be found [...] and further inquiries only resulted in us being soon to Mozart's birthplace , his home , finally even sent to his statue . ”Only after a vague hint did the author finally find the Mozarteum he was looking for, ie the Mozart archive, in a room of the Chiemseehof .

In 1880 the Mozarteum Public Music School started operations in some rooms of the teacher training institute at Hofstallgasse 2. By 1889, more classrooms were added in the so-called Anatomie-Stöckl in Hofstallgasse. A large sign above the entrance portal of the Anatomie-Stöckl read: Mozarteum Public Music School . This place, the seat of the music school at that time, is referred to in a book about Eberhard Preussner as the "Altes Mozarteum".

present

Between 2004 and 2006, the Munich architect Robert Rechenauer created today's New Mozarteum , the main location and seat of the Mozarteum University in Salzburg. He himself usually simply calls the building complex the Mozarteum , which is also the case in the title of his book about the building project. The previous building complex from 1978, which Rechenauer had partly demolished and partly completely rebuilt and refurbished, he also calls the Mozarteum - or the old Mozarteum . If the New Mozarteum is meant exclusively and again and again, the shortened designation as Mozarteum is obvious. The competing existence of a New Mozarteum since 1978 alone gives rise to the need to designate the Mozarteum on Schwarzstrasse more precisely, for example as the Old Mozarteum ( see above ).

In Würzburg , the renovation and reconstruction of the so-called Mozart area is to result in a new building complex between 2020 and 2022, which is intended to be named Mozarteum or Small Mozarteum .

Web links

Commons : Schwarzstraße 26, Salzburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Mozarteum on the website of the International Mozarteum Foundation

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Photograph of the foundation stone
  2. ↑ Plans by the architect Richard Berndl from December 9, 1911: frontal view and floor plan 1st floor on floecknerschnoell.com
  3. ↑ Plan at the time of creation (1914): Floor plan 1st floor on floecknerschnoell.com
  4. ↑ See statutes of the International Mozarteum Foundation , version from March 2016 (PDF). The text of the statutes uses the name Mozarteum once (p. 3) and three times the name Mozarteum building (p. 5, p. 15) for the building.
  5. ↑ a b The Old Mozarteum becomes a tricky building site Salzburger Nachrichten, September 27, 2018.
  6. ↑ Cf. Mozarteum Schwarzstrasse in the list of locations of the Mozarteum University Salzburg (left in the menu bar). The university is not the owner, but uses rooms in the building.
  7. ↑ Current concert announcements of the International Mozarteum Foundation with the information "Mozarteum Foundation, Great Hall" and "Mozarteum Foundation, Vienna Hall" (accessed on August 18, 2019).
  8. ↑ Salzburger Nachrichten of May 24, 2014, p. 10: A house celebrates its birthday .
  9. ↑ Mozarteum at mozarteum.at. The neon inscription can be clearly seen on the picture of the building at dusk.
  10. ↑ In open connectedness press release of the International Mozarteum Foundation, October 22, 2018 with pictures.
  11. ↑ Bibliotheca Mozartiana mozarteum.at
  12. ↑ Information about the organ on the website of the builder company
  13. ↑ Magic Flute House mozarteum.at
  14. ↑ A visit to the Mozarteum in Salzburg travel report in Die Gartenlaube (1866), issue 17, pp. 270-272 (Wikisource).
  15. ↑ Das Anatomie-Stöckl on sueddeutscher-barock.ch
  16. ↑ See cover picture of the book by Julia Hinterberger (Ed.): From the Music School to the Conservatory. The Mozarteum 1841–1922. History of the Mozarteum University Salzburg 1. Hollitzer Wissenschaftsverlag, 2017.
  17. ↑ Thomas Hochradner, Michaela Schwarzbauer: Eberhard Preußner (1899-1964): music historian, music pedagogue, president . Hollitzer Wissenschaftsverlag, 2011. Caption in the article by Gerhard Walterskirchen : “A Unicum with the greatest artistic and economic future”: Bernhard Paumgartner, Eberhard Preussner and the Mozarteum in Salzburg .
  18. ^ Robert Rechenauer: New building and general renovation of the Mozarteum University, Mirabellplatz 1, Salzburg rechenauer-architekten.de
  19. ↑ Robert Rechenauer: The Mozarteum Salzburg: Change of a place Müry Salzmann Verlag, Salzburg 2015.
  20. ↑ Robert Rechenauer: A ghost ship in the port of the old town of Salzburg: The Mozarteum 1978 - An experience report rechenauer-architekten.de, December 2011.
  21. ^ Future for the Mozart Areal press release from the city of Würzburg, October 23, 2018.
  22. ↑ Why the tenants are leaving the Mozart School mainpost.de, June 6, 2019. See Mozarteum as inscription in the picture and in the text below the picture.
  23. ↑ “Kleines Mozarteum” takes shape: contract for music college concluded wuerzburg24.com, December 21, 2018.

Coordinates: 47 ° 48 ′ 14 "  N , 13 ° 2 ′ 36.3"  E