Museum of Folk Architecture and Customs of Ukraine
The Museum of Folk Architecture and Rural Life Ukraine ( Ukrainian Національний музей народної архітектури та побуту України ), after its location also Pyrohiw- ( Пирогів ) or Pirogov outdoor museum called, is a open-air museum in the southwestern Rajon Holossijiw the Ukrainian capital Kiev . As an open-air and folklore museum, it is one of the largest in the world.
founding
The museum was founded in 1969 at the suggestion of Petro Tronko , the chairman of the Ukrainian Society for the Protection of Monuments, by government decree as the State Museum of Folk Architecture and Morals of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic . In 1971 it was incorporated into the company. In 1972, the former church of the German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Kiev , St. Katharinen , was assigned to the museum to accommodate the administration and as a depot , which had previously been used by the Ministry of Culture as a store for fuel and lubricants and was already quite dilapidated. The use as a museum building enabled maintenance work that saved the building and which - for ideological reasons - would not have been possible for a church building. In the early days, hundreds of folklore expeditions were carried out. Material evidence of the way of life, production and culture of pre-revolutionary village life was collected. These included B. also icons and folk musical instruments . The orientation of the museum towards the pre-revolutionary period was soon criticized, as references to the post-revolutionary achievements of communism played too little role there, for example at the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine on May 16, 1974. "Purges" in the management of the museum took place, but the work was allowed to continue.
Due to the growing collection, the space in the depot building, the former German church, had been insufficient since the late 1980s. Around 40,000 registered units were stored there. But it took until 1998 for a replacement to be created and moved.
museum
Today the museum has a collection of more than 75,000 inventoried units and an outdoor area of more than 100 hectares southwest of Kiev , which is designed in the style of an English landscape park. The rest of the museum infrastructure, the depots and the administration are housed in building 19 of the Lavra in Kiev. The museum is currently suffering from underfunding so that it cannot maintain the wooden buildings to a sufficient extent. In addition, damage caused by vandalism and theft are to be complained about. In 2006 a wooden building burned down. The most likely cause was arson to cover up what was previously stolen from inventory.
Outdoor area
exhibition
About 150 buildings (according to other data: 320) from the 16th to the 20th centuries from 25 regions of Ukraine were combined into six ethnographic and geographical groups on the open-air site: Carpathian Mountains , Piwdenna Ukrajina (southern Ukraine), Poltava - Sloboda , Naddniprjanschtschyna ( Area around Upper Dnipro ), Polissja ( Polesia ) and Podillja ( Podolia ). The buildings were from their original locations in the Museum grounds translocated . These groups are shown in their characteristic landscape and surroundings with barns , apiaries , wells , windmills and other objects from the village environment. The first groups opened on July 17, 1976, and the other two followed. The oldest object is a log- built farmhouse from Polisja from 1587. Services and weddings are occasionally celebrated in the three wooden churches .
Some of the buildings can be entered. They are furnished according to the historical furnishings, with household appliances , ceramics , furniture , woodwork and textiles , especially embroidery . A forge and a pottery give an insight into these crafts . The fields and gardens around the courtyards are tended and cultivated by the women who work there as supervision. Often they also wear the costume typical of the region in question .
Other offers
On the spacious grounds there are a number of leisure activities, a simple restaurant with Ukrainian cuisine, various other catering options and the opportunity to simply have a picnic on one of the meadows. Carriage rides are offered, horses and bicycles can be borrowed. All year round there are festivals and folklore events where traditional customs are shown and traditional songs can be heard.
Web links
literature
- Günther Schäfer: Discover Kiev . 2nd edition Berlin 2007. ISBN 978-3-89794-111-3 , pp. 334f.
- Nikolaj Trofimowitsch Parchomenko: A Treasury of Ukrainian Folk Art . In Kiew. St. Catherine's. Festschrift for the rededication of the church. Munich 2000. ISBN 3-583-33108-7 , pp. 24-28.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pyrohiv Museum of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine ( Memento of 29 November 2014 Internet Archive ) on all-kyiv.com, accessed on December 17, 2015
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 16.3 ″ N , 30 ° 30 ′ 44 ″ E